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1、單擊此處編輯母版標題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級,第三級,第四級,第五級,*,Unit 4,Verbal Communication,Pragmatic Level,Case 1.Twelve cups of tea,Warm-up cases,Question 2:,How could you help“I”in this case,out of the awkward situation?,Question 1:,Why did I have 12 cups of tea?,Case 2.Have you had your lunch?/Where are you going?,

2、Chinese,Westerners,normal,A greeting,offended,An invasion of privacy,declare,invite,request,compliment,address,In todays class,we will,look at cultural differences on pragmatic level,Addressing,Compliments and Compliment Responses,Apologizing,discuss on how these superficial behaviors,are related to

3、 the cultural assumptions of the,speakers,I.Addressing,A:,Teacher Liu,could you come over to our party this Saturday?,A:,Manager Smith,could I schedule your presentation on our new design for Friday morning?,A:,Uncle policeman,could you tell me the way to the railway station?,A.Surnames and Given na

4、mes,Chinese,English,Formal Relationship,/Situation,Surname+Title,Title+Surname,Neutral Relationship,/Situation,Surname+Title,Title+Surname,Given Name,Close Relationship,/Informal Situation,Given Name,Given Name,Why different in name order?,Chinese,:surname+given name,British,:given name+surname,Coll

5、ectivism;,Family values,Individualism,B.Addressing family members,relatives and acquaintances,Chinese,English,二哥,三叔,李嫂,張姐,劉大伯,老李,李老,小王,Susan,Mary,Aunt Jenny,Uncle Tom,Compare these two expressions:,a.,林黛玉的母親是賈寶玉的姑母，賈寶玉的母親是林黛玉的舅母，又是薛寶釵的姨母。,b.,Three cousins,of the French Presidents were also to receiv

6、e diamonds.,Why do kin terms are extensively used by Chinese?,Politeness to others,Respect to others,Hierarchy,C.The Use of Titles,In Chinese:,宋局長，高經(jīng)理，劉老師，楊博士,In English:,Mr.,Mrs.,Miss,Ms,Dr.,Judge,Governor,Mayor,President,How to express,fu,+title?,vice,professor,deputy,assistant,associate,director,

7、president,manager,Please match the following two groups.,Tips:,行政頭銜,以“副”字的表示副職的行政職務(wù)頭銜，可用 vice、deputy 表達。,在實際使用時究竟選用哪個，純屬搭配習慣。一般來說，vice與president、premier、chairman、minister、governor搭配；deputy與director、chief、head、secretary、dean、mayor搭配。似乎可以認為，Vice比Deputy的搭配級別要高。,學術(shù)頭銜,學術(shù)頭銜的“副”職稱，常用 associate 表示。如：,副教授,as

8、sociate,professor,副研究員,associate research fellow,副審判長,associate judge,副主任醫(yī)師,associate,doctor,D.The ways of getting the attention of a stranger,In Chinese:,同志？，師傅，大哥，叔叔，阿姨，奶奶,In English:,Excuse me,Pardon me,The root of these differences lies in,Hierarchy&Formality,Equality,II.Compliments and Complime

9、nt Responses,Case 1:An American Woman compliments,the Chinese womans lovely dress,American woman:Its exquisite.The colors are,so beautiful.,Chinese woman:Oh,its just an ordinary dress I,bought in China.,Case 2:An American friend introduces Mr.Chen to his other friends.,The American:Let me introduce

10、Mr.Chen,an outstanding physicist and one of the nicest people I know.,Mr.Chen:Should I blush,or should I say that he doesnt really mean it?,Differences Between Chinese and English Compliments,Who and what to compliment,How to compliment,How often to compliment,How to respond a compliment,English com

11、pliments,Chinese compliments,This was a,great,meal.,You look so,nice,today.,You did a,good,job.,I,like,your haircut.,I,love,your glasses.,I really,enjoyed,your class.,裙子很漂亮。,這房間真不錯。,你很用功，進步也很快。,你待人真好！,你該受到表揚。,你真是學識淵博。,Compliments,Chinese response,English response,1.This is really a nice,sweater.,2.Y

12、ou did a good job.,3.I like your scarf.It is,very pretty.,4.Your English is good.,Translation:,A Chinese hostess,if she is complimented for her cooking skill,is likely to say,-隨便弄幾個菜，不好吃。,1)Oh，it is nothing.I just made some dishes casually and they are not very tasty.,2)Oh,I am so glad that you like

13、d it.I cook it especially for you.,Compliments about,Members of ones family,A womans appearance,The root of these differences lies in,MODESTY,Equality,III.,Apologizing,When to apologize,Who to apologize,How to apologize and how to respond,Case 1 A calls B,but B doesnt answer the call immediately.Com

14、pare the following two conversations.,Conversation 1,A:Why didnt you take up the phone just now?,B:I just came in.I was in the office downstairs.,A:Sorry,I should have phoned your office first.,Conversation 2,A:你剛才怎么沒接電話？,B:我剛跑上樓，我剛才在下面的辦公室里。,A:我說你怎么會耽誤這么長時間呢。,Case 2 Jennifer had a quarrel with her

15、husband.Her daughter witnessed all.,Jennifer:I am really sorry for all this.,此種情景若發(fā)生在一個中國家庭？,Case 3 The boss is late for the meeting for ten minutes.Everyone is waiting.Finally,the boss shows up.,中：既然大家都到齊了，那我們開會吧！,英：I am sorry I am late.I was detained.,Case 4 The father forgets to bring a gift for

16、his little boy.,中：呀，你瞧爸爸這臭記性。明天保證把禮物給你帶回來。,英：Im sorry,kid.I got so caught up in my thought that the gifts slipped my mind.Ill get them for you next time.,Expressions of Apology,English expressions,Chinese expressions,Excuse me./Im sorry./Pardon me.,Sorry about that./I apologize.,Im very/so/terribly/awfully/extremely sorry for that.,I cant tell you how sorry I am.,I beg your pardon(for),Please forgive me(for).,I must apologize for my rudeness/fault/mistake,I must make an apology for,May I offer y