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2019-2020年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 考點規(guī)范練38 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 新人教版選修8 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 (xx甘肅蘭州實戰(zhàn)考試) Almost everybody in America will spend a part of his or her life behind a shopping cart.They will in a lifetime,push the chrome-plated contraptions many miles.But few will know—or even think to ask—who it was that invented them. Sylvan N.Goldman invented the shopping cart in 1937.At that time he was in the supermarket business.Every day he would see shoppers lugging groceries around in baskets they had to carry. One day Goldman suddenly had the idea of putting baskets on wheels.The wheeled baskets would make shopping much easier for his customers,and would help to attract more business. On June 4,1937,Goldman’s first carts were ready for use in his market.He was terribly excited on the morning of that day as customers began arriving.He couldn’t wait to see them using his invention. But Goldman was disappointed.Most shoppers gave the carts a long look,but hardly anybody would give them a try. After a while,Goldman decided to ask customers why they weren’t using his carts.“Don’t you think this arm is strong enough to carry a shopping basket?” one shopper replied. But Goldman wasn’t beaten yet.He knew his carts would be a great success if only he could persuade people to give them a try.To this end,Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market and pretend they were shopping!Seeing this,the real customers gradually began copying the phony(假的)customers. As Goldman had hoped,the carts were soon attracting larger and larger numbers of customers to his market.But not only did more people e—those who came bought more.With larger,easier-to-handle baskets,customers unconsciously bought a greater number of items than before. Today’s shopping carts are five times larger than Goldman’s original model.Perhaps that’s one reason why Americans today spend more than five times as much money on food each year as they did before 1937—the ing of the shopping cart. 1.What do the underlined words “chrome-plated contraptions” in the first paragraph refer to? A.Baskets.　　　　　　B.Private cars. C.Suitcases. D.Shopping carts. 2.What was the purpose of Goldman’s invention? A.It was to prove him to be a good inventor. B.It was to reduce the burden of his employees’ work. C.It was to make shopping easier and attract more business. D.It was to help the disabled make shopping easily in his market. 3.Goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market in order to 　　　. A.attract people to buy things in his market B.encourage people to use his shopping carts C.make his market different from the others D.keep the groceries from being stolen 4.What can we infer from the last paragraph? A.Goldman will bee very famous because of his invention. B.Goldman’s invention will be regarded as the greatest one in the world. C.Supermarket business has benefited a lot from Goldman’s invention. D.There will be nothing that can replace Goldman’s invention. B When a bee stings(蜇) you,it doesn’t just ruin your fun.The insect puts venom(毒液) into your skin,causing pain and swelling.But a chemist in Denmark believes he’s e up with a simple device that will draw the venom back out of the wound,bringing victims relief. Martin Wenckens got the inspiration for the Bee-Patch(蜜蜂膏藥) from a home treatment he saw shown on a Danish television program.After getting stung,a person would put a slight wet sugar cube over the wound.The idea is that through osmosis(滲透)—the movement of a fluid from an area with a lower concentration of molecules(分子) to an area with a higher concentration—fluid moves from the small hole up into the sugar cube,carrying the venom along with it. Because exposed sugar may attract more insects,Wenckens thought he could improve on the treatment.He put sugar inside a patch that can be worn like a bandage.The side touching the skin has a thin layer through which fluid can move.“After you get stung,place the patch on the injured skin and leave it for one hour,”Wenckens says.“This will lower both pain and swelling.”He cautions that people with insect allergies should continue to use medications(藥物治療) remended by their doctors. Wenckens designed the Bee-Patch especially for children,but he reports that lifeguards and soccer players are also using it.“In many schools in Denmark,the Bee-Patch is already a part of first aid kits,”he says.“To have invented a small patch that can be used by so many people of course makes me very proud.” 5.Wenckens was inspired by 　　　. A.his childhood B.a TV program C.a sugar producer D.his private doctor 6.What’s the advantage of the Bee-Patch over the original home treatment? A.It is much safer. B.It is more natural. C.It is much cheaper. D.It is more effective. 7.The Bee-Patch created by Wenckens 　　　. A.is not remended to lifeguards B.may not be helpful for some victims C.will protect victims from bees for an hour D.has an immediate effect on the injured skin 8.The Bee-Patch is widely used 　　　. A.by adults B.in hospitals C.by students D.on football fields Ⅱ.七選五 Tips for writing the college essay While some high school seniors begin to enjoy writing their college essay,others fail to see the importance of it.1.　　　 Creating the college essay is supposed to be a fun,and exciting task.It is a process of self-discovery.Some helpful tips: 1.Have fun!2.　　　 Relax,breathe and realize that this is the time to expose a side of you that a transcript(學(xué)生成績單) cannot. 2.3.　　　 The worst thing you can do is pick an ordinary topic.Stay away from volunteer work,your dead dog and vacations.Admission counselors(入學(xué)輔導(dǎo)員) see thousands of essays a month;make sure your essay is distinct to your experience and personality.Do not focus on what you think they want you to write,but what is actually significant to you. 3.Don’t try to make yourself a victim.Although it is effective to appeal to the emotions of an admission counselor,I do not remend writing an essay about sad stories.Self-pity can be annoying,and most admission counselors do not want that to be their first impression of you.The only exception to this is if you have an inspiring struggle that you overcame.4.　　 4.Your essay is not a longer version of your resume(簡歷).If you sent in a resume,there is absolutely no need to restate what is on it.Many students like bragging(吹噓) about how much they do.It is amazing that you are involved,but admission counselors do not only want to hear about how much you do,especially if they already see this on your resume.5.　　 Good luck on your college essay! A.It was received well by many. B.Don’t settle for basic—be creative! C.When you get upset,it is reflected in your work. D.You can talk about how a work changed your life. E.They want to see aspects of you that cannot be shown on a resume. F.In some cases,these 600 words determine an acceptance or a rejection. G.Make sure that the story is focused on your growth,not on the struggle. Ⅲ.短文改錯 (xx山東青島高三聯(lián)考) My name is Li Hua.I was born in Qingdao,Shandong Province on February 1995.I started the school in 2001 when I was six.I studied happy in Guangming Primary School from 2001 to xx.After that I went to No.39 Middle School of Qingdao and graduate last summer.The main subjects I studied at school included Chinese,maths,English,physics,chemistry and puter.I like English and puter best but I am very good at it.Last year I winned first prize in the school puter petition.In my spare time I enjoy listening popular music and collecting stamp.My favorite sports is swimming in summer and skating in winter. ## 考點規(guī)范練38(選修8　Unit 3) Ⅰ.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文主要介紹了Goldman發(fā)明購物車的原因、經(jīng)過和結(jié)果。 1.D　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞前的“...a part of his or her life behind a shopping cart.”可以得出,畫線詞的意思是購物手推車。 2.C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“...make shopping much easier for his customers,and would help to attract more business.”可知,C項正確。 3.B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第七段中的“persuade people to give them a try”可知,他雇一些人假裝顧客在超市里面推購物車的目的是想鼓勵人們使用他的購物車。 4.C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知,現(xiàn)今購物車是Goldman發(fā)明的購物車的五倍大,這可能是美國人今天的購物花費是購物車發(fā)明之前的五倍的一個原因。由此可推斷出,超市的生意從Goldman的發(fā)明中受益匪淺。 【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是說明文。文章介紹了一項治療蜜蜂蜇傷的小發(fā)明。 5.B　細節(jié)理解題。由第二段開頭的“got the inspiration for the Bee-Patch(蜜蜂膏藥) from a home treatment he saw shown on a Danish television program.”可知答案為B項。 6.A　推理判斷題。由第三段開頭的“Because exposed sugar may attract more insects,Wenckens thought he could improve...”可推斷,改進后的發(fā)明將糖包起來,不易招惹昆蟲,因而比原來的更安全。 7.B　推理判斷題。由第三段末的“He cautions that people with insect allergies should continue to use medications(藥物治療) remended by their doctors.”可推斷,對昆蟲過敏的人被蜜蜂蜇傷后不應(yīng)簡單地使用這種方法治療,而應(yīng)采用醫(yī)生推薦的方法。 8.C　細節(jié)理解題。由最后一段中的“In many schools in Denmark,the Bee-Patch is already a part of first aid kits...”可知,蜜蜂膏藥被學(xué)生們廣泛使用。 Ⅱ.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是說明文。文章是關(guān)于寫大學(xué)申請論文的幾點建議。 1.F　F項與上文的see the importance of it相呼應(yīng)。 2.C　C項與本段小標題及下文的Relax,breathe相呼應(yīng),說明學(xué)生要讓自己在心情好的情況下寫大學(xué)申請論文,并從中找到樂趣。 3.B　由下文的“The worst thing you can do is pick an ordinary topic...but what is actually significant to you.”可知,本段主要是說大學(xué)申請論文的內(nèi)容要避免老套的話題,應(yīng)該體現(xiàn)自己的獨特性。故B項恰當(dāng)。 4.G　G項與上文的“have an inspiring struggle that you overcame”相呼應(yīng)。 5.E　E項與上文的“admission counselors do not only want to hear about how much you do,especially if they already see this on your resume.”相呼應(yīng)。 Ⅲ.　　My name is Li Hua.I was born in Qingdao,Shandong Province February 1995.I started the school in 2001 when I was six.I studied in Guangming Primary School from 2001 to xx.After that I went to No.39 Middle School of Qingdao and last summer.The main subjects I studied at school included Chinese,maths,English,physics,chemistry and puter.I like English and puter best I am very good at .Last year I first prize in the school puter petition.In my spare time I enjoy listening popular music and collecting .My favorite sports swimming in summer and skating in winter.