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1、Unit 6When was it invented ?Section A Reading 被動語態(tài) (Passive Voice)結(jié)構(gòu): be + V-p.p.am / are / is +動詞的過去分詞was / were +動詞的過去分詞 一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài):一般過去時的被動語態(tài): Many people speak English. (主動語態(tài))English is spoken by many peopleThe naughty boy broke the window yesterday. (主動語態(tài))The window was broken ( by the naughty

2、boy) yesterday. We bought some books. 主動句與被動句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換Some books were bought ( by us ) 主語 謂語動詞主動語態(tài)的過去式 賓語主語 謂語動詞被動語態(tài)的過去分詞 介詞+ 賓語 主動句變?yōu)楸粍泳渌裱?個步驟：1. 把原主動句中的賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳涞闹髡Z。2. 把動詞變?yōu)楸粍有问郊碽e+過去分詞，并注意其人稱和數(shù)隨主語的變化，而動詞的時態(tài)則保持不變。3. 原主動句的主語如需要則放在by后面以它 的賓格形式出現(xiàn)（注代詞的賓格），如不需要則可省略。4. 其它的成分（定語、狀語）不變。 被動語態(tài)的幾種句型 肯定句 主語 + be

3、+ 過去分詞 + (by)A sweet song was sung by her on the stage.2 否定句 主語 + be + not +過去分詞 + (by)3 一般疑問句 Be + 主語 +過去分詞 + (by)? A sweet song wasnt sung by her on the stage.Was a sweet song sung by her on the stage?4 特殊疑問句 疑問詞 + be + 主語 +過去分詞 + (by)?Where was a sweet song sung by her? 被動語態(tài)的運用:（1） 不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者或沒

4、有必要知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者時。The house is quite old. It was built in 1950. 這座房子太舊了，它是1950年建的。When will the road be opened to traffic? 這條路什么時候通車? （2） 需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的對象即賓語時。 Calculator cant be used in the math exam. 計算器不能用于數(shù)學(xué)考試。 H e was awarded first prize in that contest. 他在比賽中獲得了第一。 有時為了禮貌等原因不愿說出行為者,這時也常用被動語態(tài)。The constru

5、ction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month. 新實驗室必須在下個月底前完工。You are requested to give a performance. 請你給我們表演一個節(jié)目。（3） When was the car invented?It was invented in 1885.Who were they invented by?They were invented by Julie Thompson.What are they used for?They are used for seeing in

6、 the dark.Read the sentences and pay attention to the underlined parts. 一般講，被動語態(tài)可用于英語的各種時態(tài)。為了能準(zhǔn)確地運用被動語態(tài)，重點是要掌握be動詞的各種時態(tài)變化。各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)舉例如下： 1、 一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)： am / is / are + 動詞的過去分詞 Our classroom is cleaned every day. This car is made in China. 2、一般過去式的被動語態(tài): was / were + 動詞的過去分詞 H is desk was cleaned just

7、 now. The station was built in 1928. H ow delicious the soup is! Who cooked it? It was cooked by Mom. What a beautiful card it is! Who made it?It was made by H ow clean the clothes are! Who washed them?They were washed by 2. Somebody stole my camera from my hotel room.My camera was stolen from my ho

8、tel room (by somebody) . 3. Where did you take these photos?Where were these photos taken?4a Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice. 4. Our parents advised us not to go out alone.5. Different writers translated the book into different languages.We were advised by our parents not to go out alo

9、ne.The book was translated into different languages by different writers. 1. H e wrote an article last week. An article was written by him last week. 2. The people make history.H istory is made by the people.把下列的主動句變?yōu)楸粍泳洹?Exercise. 單項選擇 1. - Today Chinese is becoming more and more popular. - It _ in

10、 many schools around the world. A. teaches B. is teaching C. has taught D. is taughtD 2. We _ to close the windows before we left the lab. A. tell B. told C. are told D. were told3. - Did you hear that water in Tai Lake smelt terrible? - Yes. In fact, it _.Thats all because of the people and the fac

11、tories around. A. polluted B. was polluted C. has polluted D. will pollute D B . 將下列句子變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)1. My parents bought me a computer last week. 2. We often hear the girl sing happily in her room. The girl is often heard to sing happily (by us) in her room. A computer was bought for me by my parents last w

12、eek. 用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. The pizza was _ (make) by me. Would you like to have some?2. The G reat Wall is _ (know) all over the world.3. This story was _ (tell) by my grandmother last night.4. Was a new science museum _ (build) in your hometown last year?5. No student is _(see) in the playground. made k

13、nown told built seen 6. H istory is _ by the people. ( make)7. H e is often _ to do the work by the teacher. (ask)8. The book _ by him last year. ( write )9. The radio _ last week. (repair) madeaskedwas writtenwas repaired 4b Complete the sentences with correct forms of the verbs in the box.The keys

14、were invited were broughtwas locked rangwere told brokewere eaten liked 4c Write the correct forms in the blanks.The keyswas invented was bornworked learnedwas invented was saidis used 將下列各句改為被動語態(tài)1.H e saved a lot of money this summer. 2. We spend large sums of money each year in painting the steelw

15、ork of bridges.A lot of money was saved this summer.Large sums of money is spent each year in painting the steelwork of bridges. 【2017安徽蕪湖】42. These days students in some schools _ not to use mobile phones. A. ask B. askedC. are asked D. were asked 答案：C 【解析】被動語態(tài)。主語students是動作的承受者，所以用被動語態(tài)；根據(jù)these day

16、s可知用一般現(xiàn)在時。 【2017雅安】20. A lot of trees _ on the hill yesterday. A. are planted B. will be planted C. have been planted D. were planted答案： D 【解析】考查被動語態(tài)。由時間狀語yesterday可知，用一般過去時，由trees和plant構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，用一般過時的被動語態(tài)。 （2017江蘇宿遷）We _ (ask) to help our parents do some housework every day. (2013山東威海)你能告訴我電話是什么時候發(fā)明的

17、嗎？ _. are / were askedCould / Can you tell me when the telephone was invented? 【2017江蘇南京】Yaxi, a quiet village in G anchun, _ Chinas first “Slow City” in November 2011. A. names B. named C. is named D. was named【2017湖北黃石】You have to stay behind if your homework _ before five oclock. A. isnt done B.

18、wont be done C. doesnt do D. wasnt doneD A 【2017陜西】The mobile phone has influenced peoples life a lot since it _. A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented【2017廣西南寧】 H an H ans books are popular. They _ by many teenagers. A. is read B. was read C. are read D. were read DC 【2017河南】When Ti

19、m _ why he was late for school, he just kept silent. A. was asked B. asked C. was asking D. is asking【2017陜西】E very day, too much water _ in our school. We should save it. A. is wasted B. wastes C. was wasted D. wasted AA 【2017杭州】To my great surprise, the famous athletes story _ differently in the newspapers. A. was reported B. reported C. was reporting D. reports【2017嘉興】 Tell me one thing youre proud of in your junior high school, Tony. I _ as captain of the school football team. A. choose B. chose C. am chosen D. was chosenAD