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2019-2020年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 語法專題12 定語從句 新人教版 Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．(xx天津，15改編)The boss of the pany is trying to create an easy atmosphere ________his employees enjoy their work. 答案：where　本句中定語從句“his employees enjoy their work”不缺主賓表，先行詞為atmosphere，表示“氣氛，氛圍”。將“in＋先行詞atmosphere”還原回從句中成立，因此答案為where。 2．(xx陜西，15改編)As the smallest child of his family，Alex is always longing for the time ________he should be able to be independent. 答案：when　分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是定語從句，先行詞為time。定語從句為空格后句子，缺少時間狀語，用when引導(dǎo)。句意：作為家里最小的孩子，亞歷克斯總是渴望他應(yīng)該能獨立的時候。 3. (xx安徽，28改編)Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon ________ school education depends. 答案：which　本句為定語從句。引導(dǎo)詞在定語從句中位于介詞upon的后面作賓語，故用關(guān)系代詞且指代先行詞the fundamental skill，因此用which。 4．(xx湖南，29改編)It is a truly delightful place, ______ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages. 答案：which　此句是一個非限制性定語從句，先行詞是place，定語從句中缺主語，故用關(guān)系代詞which。句意：這真是一個宜人的地方，這里蜿蜒的小路和美麗的小村莊一定和100年前看起來是一模一樣的。 5．(xx四川，3改編)The books on the desk，________covers are shiny，are prizes for us. 答案：whose　此句是非限制性定語從句，先行詞為the books，________和covers之間存在所有關(guān)系，意為“書的封面”。句意：桌上的書是給我們的獎勵，那些書的封面閃閃發(fā)光。根據(jù)語境填whose。 6．(xx重慶，14改編)He wrote many childrens books，nearly half of ______ were published in the 1990s. 答案：which　此句為非限制性定語從句，先行詞是childrens books，定語從句中of缺少賓語，故填which。句意：他寫了許多兒童書籍，差不多一半左右是在20世紀90年代出版的。 7．(xx福建，34改編)China Today attracts a worldwide readership，________ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China. 答案：which　分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知，定語從句的先行詞為整個主句內(nèi)容，從句為非限制性定語從句，缺少主語，用which引導(dǎo)。句意：《今日中國》吸引了全世界的讀者，這表明全世界越來越多的人想了解中國。 8．(xx江蘇，21改編)The number of smokers，________is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 答案：as　此句為as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句。as意為“正如，正像”，在定語從句中可作主語、賓語或表語；as在這里代替整個主句的內(nèi)容；“as is reported”意為“正如被報道的那樣”。句意：正如被報道的那樣，煙民的數(shù)量在僅僅一年的時間就下降了17%。 9．(xx浙江臨海調(diào)研改編)Some passersby witnessed the car accident ________ five passengers were killed, a baby included. 答案：where　句意為：一些路人目睹了這場事故，其中有五位乘客喪生包括一個嬰兒。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，且關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點狀語，故用where引導(dǎo)。 10．(xx江蘇無錫測試改編)“Spittake” refers to an act ________ someone spits liquid out of his or her mouth when he or she hears something funny or surprising. 答案：where　句意為：“笑噴”是指一種行為：某人在聽到有趣的或吃驚的事情后從嘴中噴出液體。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾act，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作地點狀語，因此用where引導(dǎo)。 11．(xx安徽黃山一模改編)Cultural shock is a feeling _________most travelers experience in a foreign country ________ they find the culture is quite different from that of their own. 答案：which/that；where　句意為：文化沖擊是一種大多數(shù)游客在外國會經(jīng)歷的感覺，在那里他們會感覺外國的文化和自己的(文化)有很大的不同。分析句子成分可知，兩空均引導(dǎo)定語從句，第一空的先行詞為a feeling，且在從句中作experience的賓語，因此用which引導(dǎo)；第二空的先行詞為a foreign country，在從句中作地點狀語，故用where引導(dǎo)。 12．(xx福建龍巖質(zhì)檢改編)Tibet is such a place ______ all the people across the world are dreaming of visiting. 答案：as　句意為：西藏是一個全世界所有的人都夢想游覽的地方。定語從句的先行詞為a place，其前有such修飾，引導(dǎo)詞應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞as。 13．(xx湖南益陽箴言中學(xué)模擬改編)Dad decided to build a small tool room with a lock, ________ he would keep his best tools so my brother couldnt reach them. 答案：where　句意為：父親決定建一個帶鎖的小工具室，把他最好的工具放到里面，這樣我弟弟就不會拿到它們了。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句；修飾先行詞a small tool room，并在從句中作地點狀語，故用where引導(dǎo)該定語從句。 14．(xx江蘇淮安第四市調(diào)研改編)In xx, such important reform policies associated with the interests of the general public were introduced in China ________ almost each person could benefit from in life. 答案：as　句意為：在xx年，關(guān)系到公眾利益的重要的改革政策被引進到中國，幾乎每一個人都能從中受益。先行詞policies前有such修飾，且引導(dǎo)詞作介詞from的賓語，因此用as引導(dǎo)。 15．(xx福建泉州五中等三校聯(lián)考改編)We expect you to bee someone of ________ well feel very proud in the future. 答案：whom　句意為：我們希望你將來能成為我們會為之驕傲的人。feel proud of意為“為……感到自豪”，引導(dǎo)詞置于介詞of后作賓語，且先行詞為someone，指人，故填whom。 16．(xx安徽合肥第一次檢測改編)The movie Pompeii came out this February, ________ many people think brings a touching love story to the audience. 答案：which　句意為：電影《龐貝末日》在今年二月上映，許多人認為它為觀眾帶來了一個令人感動的愛情故事。逗號后為非限制性定語從句，先行詞為the movie Pompeii，many people think為插入語，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語，故填which。 17．(xx山東日照一模)Anyone ________ upgrades their professional knowledge to a new level can apply for these courses. 答案：who　句意為：任何將專業(yè)知識更新到一個新水平的人都可以申請這些課程。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞anyone，且在定語從句中作主語，一般不用that，故用who引導(dǎo)。 18．(xx安徽蚌埠第一次質(zhì)檢改編)Then he waved his hand in the direction from ________ the woman had called. 答案：which　句意為：接著他向傳來喊叫聲的那位女士的方向揮手。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞direction，且在從句中作介詞from的賓語，故填which。 19．(xx廣東肇慶二模)Will you think of those individuals________ have helped you get through difficulty when you are leading a fortable life？ 答案：who/that　句意為：在你生活舒適時你會想起那些幫你度過艱難時光的人嗎？該定語從句缺少主語，先行詞為指人的individuals，故填who或that。 20．(xx遼寧朝陽三校聯(lián)考)On an autumn afternoon, we were sent to a farm ________ we learnt to plant potatoes. 答案：where　句意為：在一個秋天的下午，我們被送到一個農(nóng)場，在那里我們學(xué)習(xí)了種植土豆。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞a farm，且在從句中作地點狀語，故用where引導(dǎo)。 Ⅱ.語法填空 在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 There was a time __1__ I was tired of learning English and disliked to speak English. And this is the reason __2__ my father forced me to join in a 30day training in an English club before I went to senior high school. When I first came to the club, __3__ I met many strangers, I missed my parents very much. So I packed up my things and wanted to go home. Fortunately, my guide __4__ teacher was Li Yang, municated with me face to face, from __5__ I gained some useful instructions. He also showed me a good partner, and we got along well with each other. Gradually I adapted to the life there. Every day I would like to talk to other teenagers and set down a series of activities __6__ we did. My father and the guide __7__ encouraged me to fall in love with English should be appreciated. Now I feel it interesting to learn English, into __8__ I put my entire energy. Every day I will read my words and passages aloud. In class I will join in English discussions. Before I go to sleep, I will recall my passages, through __9__ I can memorize a large number of new words. __10__ our English teacher says, “As long as we form the habit of learning English every day and have perseverance, we will conquer English sooner or later.” 1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______　5.______ 6．______　7.______　8.______　9.______　10.______ 答案：1.when　2.why　3.where　4.whose　5.whom　 6．that/which　7.who/that　8.which　9.which　10.As Ⅲ.單句改錯 1．Jim passed the driving test, it surprised everybody in the office. 答案：it改為which　由逗號可知，此處是一個非限制性定語從句，從句中缺少指代前面這個句子內(nèi)容的主語，所以要用which。it無連接作用，不引導(dǎo)定語從句。 2．It is such a big stone that nobody can lift. 答案：that改為as或在lift后加it　把該句看成so...that...結(jié)構(gòu)，可以在lift后加it，把that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句補充完整。該句也可以看成一個定語從句，此時，先行詞stone前有such，所以定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞用as，as在從句中充當lift的賓語。故也可以把that改為as。 3．Which is mentioned above, our school still calls for many good teachers. 答案：Which改為As　as和which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句且指代整句話時的區(qū)別。as和which在引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時，都可以指代整個一句話。 as從句位置比較靈活，置前、置中或置后都可以，而which只能放在主句后面。其次，如果從句意思是“正如……，正像……”時，就用as。如果從句意思是“這一點，這”時，就用which。總之，位置記住，意思分清。 4．Have you noticed that small house, its roof is red？ 答案：its改為whose　由逗號可知，此處是一個非限制性定語從句。所以用whose代替its，its無連接作用，不引導(dǎo)定語從句。 5．TombSweeping Day is one of Chinas traditional festivals, in which people hold memorial activities in memory of the dead. 答案：in改為on　“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”的定語從句中的介詞由先行詞決定。on TombSweeping Day在清明節(jié)。 6．Believe it or not, I dont like the way which he spoke to me. 答案：which改為that/刪去which/which前加in　先行詞是way，定語從句引導(dǎo)詞可以是that/in which或者不加關(guān)系詞。 7．(xx桂林中學(xué)月考)Henry Royce did not like his car, that ran badly and often broke down. 答案：that改為which　逗號后是非限制性定語從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語，指代先行詞car，故用which。that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。 8．(xx浙江省杭州市模擬)Are you facing a situation where looks impossible to fix？ 答案：where改為which/that　situation后是一個定語從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語，故用which/that。 9．(xx陜西西安高新一中大練習(xí))She is a very nice girl whom has a dream of being an actress. 答案：whom改為who/that　girl后是定語從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語，故應(yīng)該用who/that。whom是賓格，只能作賓語。 10．(xx江西上饒六校重點中學(xué)聯(lián)考)Firstly, I will find a parttime job, probably working in a factory what is near my home. 答案：what改為which/that　factory后是定語從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語，故用which/that。what不引導(dǎo)定語從句。