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1、中美關(guān)系作為當(dāng)今世界上最重要、最富活力以及最為復(fù)雜的雙邊關(guān)系,自1979年兩國建交以來的30年,在中美雙方共同努力下,中美關(guān)系不斷取得積極進(jìn)展并日臻成熟。30年來,中美關(guān)系的發(fā)展已今非昔比,兩國關(guān)系從最初的安全上的戰(zhàn)略需求到經(jīng)濟(jì)上的相互依賴再到今天的多領(lǐng)域、多層次、多面向的交流合作,中美關(guān)系呈現(xiàn)出愈益多彩的景觀。但由于中美兩國政治制度、發(fā)展模式、意識形態(tài)和歷史文化傳統(tǒng)不同,中美兩國關(guān)系發(fā)展依然受到世界總體形勢、各自國內(nèi)政治、文化因素以及臺灣、人權(quán)、經(jīng)貿(mào)等問題的制約和影響?？傊?今天中美關(guān)系的內(nèi)涵、領(lǐng)域、任務(wù)特別是特點已經(jīng)發(fā)生了較大的變化。而中美關(guān)系能否持續(xù)、健康的發(fā)展又受到這些變化的深刻影響,

2、然而也只有深刻把握中美關(guān)系特點的變化,才能更加有的放矢的推動中美關(guān)系健康持續(xù)的發(fā)展。正是基于這樣的認(rèn)識,本文就以中美建交30年為背景,以中美建交30年的特點變化為研究重點,對中美關(guān)系30年來的變化進(jìn)行了剖析,并在此基礎(chǔ)上對中美關(guān)系的發(fā)展進(jìn)行了思考。希冀能為中美關(guān)系的發(fā)展提供一點政策建議與參考。 本文正文分四個部分：第一部分主要闡述了中美關(guān)系自建交發(fā)展至今天呈現(xiàn)出的基本特點。重點分析了中美關(guān)系所呈現(xiàn)出的大國性、差異性、復(fù)雜性、全球性特點。第二部分主要對中美關(guān)系30年特點進(jìn)行了5個方面的比較研究。作為本文研究重點與難點,本部分采用比較分析、案例分析等方法對發(fā)展中美關(guān)系的出發(fā)點與動力、中美關(guān)系的社

3、會基礎(chǔ)、中美關(guān)系機(jī)制化建設(shè)、中美關(guān)系定位、中美關(guān)系依存度進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)比較。第三部分在第二部分的基礎(chǔ)上,針對中美關(guān)系30年所發(fā)生的變化,得出了一些啟示。包括全局長遠(yuǎn)的戰(zhàn)略觀是發(fā)展中美兩國建設(shè)性合作關(guān)系的關(guān)鍵；持續(xù)擴(kuò)大的共同利益是維系中美關(guān)系的堅實基礎(chǔ)；尊重和照顧彼此核心利益是中美關(guān)系穩(wěn)定發(fā)展的首要原則；創(chuàng)新對話合作的體制機(jī)制是中美關(guān)系深入發(fā)展的重要平臺；民間友好交往是推動中美關(guān)系持久發(fā)展的不竭動力五個方面。第四部分主要論述了發(fā)展中美關(guān)系面臨的現(xiàn)實問題與挑戰(zhàn)。這些挑戰(zhàn)主要包括臺灣問題、經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易問題、人權(quán)民主等價值觀問題、國內(nèi)政治問題以及戰(zhàn)略互信問題。 The China-U

4、.S. relations are the most important, most dynamic and most complex bilateral relationships in the word nowadays. The China-U.S. relations have made positive progress and become more and more mature since 1979. The China-U.S. relations have undergone tremendous changes from the initial demands for t

5、he development of strategic securities to the economic interdependences to multi-areas, multi-level exchanges and cooperations today, which have shown increasingly colorful landscape presents. However, as the two countries having different political systems, development models, ideologies and histor

6、ies and cultural traditions, the China-U.S. relations are still subject to the general situations in the world, their domestic politics and cultural factors as well as Taiwan, human rights, economy, trades and other issues. In short, the connotation, fields, tasks, especially the characteristics of

7、The China-U.S. relations have taken place of great changes today. But the China-U.S. relations can be sustained and developed healthily by the profound impacts of these changes, moreover, only if grasping the changes deeply of the characteristics of the China-US relations, we can promote development

8、 of the China-US relations healthily and continuously. So this paper analyzes and thinks these changes of the China-U.S. relations for 30 years, Hoping for offering policy advices for the development of the China-U.S. relations. The main body of this paper consists of f

9、our parts:The first part describes the basic characteristics shown in the development of the China-U.S. relations since 1979, focusing on the basic characteristics of great states, differences, complexities and global world.As the second part of this article, this part compares the main characterist

10、ics of the China-U.S. relations for 30 years from five aspects. This part compares the motion of developing the China-U.S. relations, the social basis of developing the China-U.S. relations, the mechanism construction of the China-U.S. relations, the dependence of the China-U.S. relations in detail.

11、The third part has drawn some inspiration on the basis of these changes for 30 years, including:the overall long-term strategic view is the key of developing the China-U.S. constructive and cooperative relations; the common interests continuing to expand are a solid foundation maintaining the China-

12、U.S. relations; Respecting and caring for each other’s core interests is the primary principle of developing the China-U.S. relations; innovating institutional mechanisms for dialogue and cooperation is an important platform for developing the China-U.S. relations; the civil friendly communions are

13、inexhaustible motive forces to promote the sustained development of the China-U.S. relations. The fourth part discusses the problems and challenges of developing the China-U.S. relations. These challenges include the Taiwan issue, economic trade issues, human rights, democracy, values, domestic political issues and the strategic mutual trust issues.