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1、 關于計算機系統(tǒng)維護實驗教學改革中英文對照 On experimental teaching reform of computer system maintenance in English 　 摘要：通過對本校《計算機系統(tǒng)維護實驗》課程的教學改革進行探討，從如何改革傳統(tǒng)教學方式，提高學生動手能力入手,以達到使學生的學習和教師的教學都收到事半功倍的效果的目的。同時改變過去學生和老師都不太重視專業(yè)選修課程學習和教學的不良傾向。 Abstract: Based on the " computer system maintenance experiment " course teac

2、hing reform were discussed, from how to reform the traditional teaching mode, improving students practical ability, to make students studying and teachers teaching get twice the result with half the effort to. At the same time, change the past students and teachers are not paid much attention to pro

3、fessional elective course learning and teaching in the undesirable tendency. 關鍵詞：計算機 系統(tǒng)維護 實驗教學 改革 Key words: experimental teaching reform of computer system maintenance 對于《計算機系統(tǒng)維護實驗》課程的教學改革問題，學術界有許多改革建議，都有值得借鑒的地方。本文主要從我校教學實際出發(fā)，摸索一條改善本門課程教學中存在的問題，并在較短的學習時間內(nèi)使學生對本門課程產(chǎn)生興趣，掌握本門課的學習技巧，強化學生的動手能力。 使本門

4、課程的教與學都收到事半功倍的效果。為此，我們針對傳統(tǒng)模式下本門課程的不足，探索了三種較為有效的培養(yǎng)學生興趣和增強其動手能力的方法，以就教于各位同行。 For " computer system maintenance of experimental teaching reform for the course of " problem, academia has a lot of reform proposals, there is a worthwhile place. This article mainly from the teaching practice, explores a

5、way to improve the course teaching problems, and in a short period of time so that students learn about the course to generate interest, to master the course learning skills, strengthen the students practical ability. The course of teaching and learning will have a multiplier effect. Therefore, we f

6、ocused on the traditional mode of this course, explore the three kinds of effective to cultivate students interest and enhance their ability to learn from colleagues. 一、 計算機系統(tǒng)維護實驗課程的傳統(tǒng)教育模式及不足 One, computer system maintenance experimental course of traditional education mode and deficiency 《計算機系統(tǒng)

7、維護》是一門實踐性很強的應用性課程，學好這門課程的關鍵在于多做實驗。因此《計算機系統(tǒng)維護實驗》課程的教學顯得尤為重要。但在我校，《計算機系統(tǒng)維護》理論教學與實踐教學課程都是專業(yè)選修課，且課時十分有限，因此，在傳統(tǒng)的教學模式下，《計算機系統(tǒng)維護實驗》課程的教學存在的不足可歸納為以下三方面： " The computer system maintenance " is a very practical application course, learn this course is the key to do the experiment. Therefore " computer syste

8、m maintenance experiment " course teaching is particularly important. But in our school, " the computer system maintenance " of theory teaching and practice teaching is the professional elective courses, and the class is very limited, therefore, in the traditional teaching mode of computer system ma

9、intenance, " experimental " teaching shortcomings can be summarized as the following three aspects: (一) 重理論而輕實踐 ( a ) theoretical and practical light 《計算機系統(tǒng)維護》作為專業(yè)選修課程，課時比較少，而在這較少的課時中，理論教學的課時比例卻占了總課時的三分之二還多，實踐教學課時所占比例還不足三分之一。這種嚴重失調(diào)的教學比例，就是重理論輕實踐的表現(xiàn)，是對學生動手能力的培養(yǎng)極為不利。 " The computer system mainte

10、nance " as a professional elective courses, class is relatively small, and in this small class teaching, theory of proportion of the total class 2/3 much still, practice teaching is the proportion of less than 1/3. This is serious and maladjusted teaching proportion, is light weight theory of practi

11、ce performance, is to cultivate the students practice ability is very bad. (二)傳統(tǒng)教學手段難以培養(yǎng)學生的學習興趣 ( two) the traditional teaching methods to cultivate students learning interest 傳統(tǒng)的教學手段對本課程的教學都是從計算機的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)講起，講授計算機的主要配件的性能和基本原理。然后對計算機主要部件出現(xiàn)的故障進行分析，進而告訴學生如何排除故障。接著講授操作系統(tǒng)的一些知識。這樣的教學內(nèi)容安排，一方面使用傳統(tǒng)教材和知識更新都比

12、較慢。另一方面也會使學生學習興趣逐漸削弱，使一門原本非常生動活潑的課程變得枯燥乏味。 Traditional teaching means on the teaching of the course are from the computers internal structure about teaching computer accessories, main performance and basic principle. Then the main components of the computer malfunction were analyzed, and then tell

13、 the students how to troubleshoot. Then some of the knowledge teaching operating system. The arrangement of teaching content, hand use the traditional teaching material and the updating of knowledge is very slow. On the other hand, may cause the student to study the interest is weakened gradually, s

14、o that a door was originally very be lively and vivid programs become boring. (三)忽視了本課程的基礎作用對學生學專業(yè)技術的重要性 ( three) ignored this course based on learning the importance of professional technology 學校教學計劃的指針通常是偏向?qū)I(yè)重點課程的教學與實驗。對于這類基礎的選修課程，往往是任學生自由發(fā)展，學校不作硬性要求。事實上，學好了這門課程，對學生畢業(yè)就業(yè)和進一步的學習和工作都有重大影響。故不能忽視本課

15、程的基礎作用對學生掌握專業(yè)技術的重要性。 School teaching program pointer is normally biased towards professional courses focus on teaching and experiment. For this kind of basic elective courses, often let the students free development, the school is not required. In fact, learning this course, the students graduate

16、employment and further study and work have a great impact. It can not ignore this curriculum based on student master professional and technical importance. 二、《計算機系統(tǒng)維護實驗》課程教學改革的方法 Two, " computer system maintenance experiment " course teaching reform methods 教學改革的方法包括兩個層面：一是學校指導思想的重視及對教師的教學要求。二是如

17、何培養(yǎng)學生的學習興趣和提高學生的動手能力。經(jīng)過多年理論與實踐教學工作的總結(jié)，歸納了幾種行之有效的新方法： The method of teaching reform includes two aspects: one is the school guiding ideology and the importance of the teaching requirement. The two is how to cultivate students learning interest and improve students practical ability. After years of

18、theoretical and practical teaching experience, this paper concludes several effective new method: (一) 學校教學指導思想上的重視和對教師理論與實踐并重的要求 ( a ) the school teaching the guiding ideology and the importance of the teaching theory and practice requirement 對于學校教學指導思想和理論教學等問題已經(jīng)有許多教師加以研究過了，在此我們無需贅述[2]，只著重談談自己在教

19、學過程中的一些感受: For schools teaching guiding ideology and theoretical teaching problem has many teachers to study, in which we need not give uncecessary details [2], only focus on their own in the process of teaching some of the feelings: 教師的教學能否吸引學生，使學生產(chǎn)生學習興趣，關鍵在于教師的引導。因此學校對教師高標準嚴要求就顯得尤其重要。在這方面,我們認為，

20、學校首先應當從指導思想上樹立起重視專業(yè)選修課程的實踐課程觀點。在教學計劃上，當理論課時與實踐課的課時相沖突時，應重實踐。而且要求理論教學與實踐教學相結(jié)合，即：上理論課的教師必須上該門理論課程的實踐課程，而且必須要精通,否則難以解決理論與實踐脫節(jié)的問題。 Teachers teaching ability to attract students, so that students interested in studying, the key lies in the teacher s guide. Therefore the school for teachers of high stan

21、dards and strict requirements is particularly important. In this respect, we think, the school should first from guiding ideology, establish professional elective courses practice curriculum view. In the teaching plan, when theory class and practice course of class conflict, should practice. And the

22、 requirement of theory teaching and practice of combining teaching, namely: Theory Courses of teachers must be on the theory courses practice courses, and must master, otherwise it is difficult to solve the problem of disconnection between theory and practice. (二) 提高學生動手能力的實踐方法 ( two) to improve

23、the students abilities of practice method 這是本文要論述的重點，也是本課題研究的重點之所在，具體可歸納為三種方法： This article is to discuss the key, is also the key point in this study is, concrete can be classified into three methods: 方法之一：加強對硬件知識（特別是計算機的新標準）的講授 Methods : to strengthen the hardware knowledge ( especially comp

24、uter new standard ) teaching 教師要結(jié)合當前計算機市場上最新硬件發(fā)展情況，以及社會對計算機硬件維護人才的需求，激發(fā)學生學好、用好計算機，維護好計算機的學習熱情，充分發(fā)揮學生的主觀能動性，讓學生去感受新的計算機硬件的特性，感受新知識帶來的好處，而不是局限于實驗項目中所要求的知識點，讓學生在實驗中眼、手、腦并用，通過學生自由討論實驗，教師掌控全局，最后由老師集中分析講解學習中出現(xiàn)的突出問題，使學生每次實驗都能學到新東西，在緊張有序的實驗課中完成實驗項目所要求的任務，切實讓學生在每節(jié)課中都有所獲，有所得。 Teachers should combine the cu

25、rrent computer market the latest hardware development, and the community of computer hardware maintenance of talent demand, stimulates the student to learn, make good use of the computer, maintenance computer learning enthusiasm, give full play to students subjective initiative, let the students to

26、feel the new computer hardware characteristics, feel the new knowledge of the benefits, and not confined to experimental projects required knowledge, let the students in the experimental eyes, hands, brain and, through the students the freedom to discuss experiments, teachers in charge, the teacher

27、centered analysis on learning the prominent problem in each experiment, so that students can learn new things, in a tense and orderly experiment course complete experimental items required by the task, to make the students in each class are awarded, with income. 方法之二：借鑒項目教學法 Method two: reference

28、 project teaching method 受許建豪先生“高職計算機系統(tǒng)維護專業(yè)教學改革探索”[1]一文的啟發(fā)，試用其項目教學法進行教學。 By Mr. Xu Jianhao " computer system maintenance major in vocational colleges teaching reform and exploration of " [1] a paper inspired, try the project teaching method teaching. 具體的做法是：1、課程教學開始前，擬定項目教學計劃時的工作。2、將該課程分為三大項目板塊,

29、 采用項目化實訓教學模式進行教學： Specific approach is: 1, before the start of a proposed project course teaching, the teaching plan of work. In 2, the course is divided into three major projects plate, to adopt the project of practical teaching mode in teaching: (1)機房計算機系統(tǒng)維護； ( 1) computer system maintenance;

30、 (a)利用計算機網(wǎng)絡調(diào)查當前計算機主要配件的品牌、價格、性能等，每組學生在任務完成時需根據(jù)自己的調(diào)查，為實驗室配置一臺滿足計算機教學需要、價格在4000元左右的電腦。 ( a ) the use of computer network survey of current main computer accessories brand, price, performance, each group of students when tasks are completed according to my investigation, laboratory for the configura

31、tion of a meet the computer teaching needs, price is in 4000 yuan of computer. (b)獨立對計算機整機進行拆裝； ( b ) independent of the computer machine for disassembling; (c)利用fdisk與pq進行硬盤分區(qū)； ( c ) using fdisk and PQ hard disk partition; (d)BIOS的設置； ( d ) BIOS settings; (e)操作系統(tǒng)安裝及優(yōu)化； ( E ) operating s

32、ystem installation and optimization; (f)裝機必備工具軟件的使用； ( f ) installation required the use of software tools; (g)網(wǎng)線制作與網(wǎng)絡連接以及局域網(wǎng)設置。 ( g ) cable production and connecting to the network and LAN settings. (2)計算機軟硬件常見故障的分析與排除； ( 2) computer hardware and software analysis and exclusion of the comm

33、on trouble; (a硬盤數(shù)據(jù)的恢復； ( a data recovery of hard disk; (b)恢復惡意代碼對注冊表的損壞；注冊表備份及還原。 ( b ) recovery of malicious code on the registry registry backup and restore damaged. (c)操作系統(tǒng)的備份及還原； ( c ) operating system backup and restore; (d)機房大量電腦操作系統(tǒng)的還原； ( d ) room large computer operating system r

34、eduction; (e)計算機維護及監(jiān)測軟件使用； ( E ) computer maintenance and monitoring software; (f)主板故障處理（利用檢測卡分析、排除主板故障）。 ( f ) motherboard failure processing ( using detection card analysis, eliminate motherboard failure ). (3)常用辦公設備的使用及維護。 ( 3) common office equipments use and maintenance. (a)打印機的使用、維護、故障排除； ( a ) the use of the printer, maintenance, troubleshooting; (b)刻錄機的使用、維護、故障排除； ( b ) burners using, maintenance, troubleshooting;