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2019-2020年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 微專題強化練 一 語法必備6 情態(tài)動詞與虛擬語氣 一、單句填空 1．(xx北京，29改編)—Cant you stay a little longer? —Its getting late.I really________go now. My daughter is home alone. 答案：must　句意為：——你不能再呆一會兒嗎？——天色晚了。我真的必須得走了。我女兒一個人在家。根據(jù)語境中“天晚了”和“女兒一個人在家”可知，這里表示必須得走了。must意為“必須”。 2．(xx安徽黃山第二次質(zhì)檢改編)—Im afraid I have to leave now, for you see, he is waiting for me. —Well, if you ________， at least wait till the heavy rain stops. 答案：must　句意為：——恐怕現(xiàn)在我不得不離開了，因為你知道，他在等我。——好的，如果你非得走，至少要等到大雨停了再走。根據(jù)語境可知填must，意為“偏要；非得”。 3．(xx陜西，25改編)My book，The House of Hades, is missing.Who ______ have taken it? 答案：could　句意為：我那本《決戰(zhàn)冥王圣殿》不見了。誰會把它拿走了呢？由句意可知，設(shè)空處表示說話者對過去發(fā)生事情的一種疑問的推測，故填could。 4．(xx安徽，32改編)It is lucky we booked a room，or we ________have nowhere to stay now. 答案：would/could/should/might　句意為：幸虧我們預(yù)訂了一個房間，要不然我們現(xiàn)在就無處可呆了。根據(jù)語境可知，or后面的句子表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的情況，此處為含蓄虛擬語氣，句子謂語動詞用“would/could/should/might＋動詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)。 5．(xx四川成都二診改編)Film reviewers are surprised to find that Han Hans first film, The Contrinent, ________ be such a huge success. 答案：should　句意為：影評家們很吃驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)韓寒的第一部電影《后會無期》，竟然獲得如此巨大的成功。表示“竟然”應(yīng)用should。 6．(xx浙江杭州地區(qū)七校模擬改編)When you phoned me, I was having a meeting; how I wish I ________(answer) your call. 答案：had answered　句意為：當(dāng)你給我打電話的時候，我正在開會。我多么希望我(之前)接了你的電話。wish后的從句中用虛擬語氣，根據(jù)句意可知是對過去情況的虛擬，所以謂語動詞用had done形式。 7．(xx湖南懷化質(zhì)檢改編)Had it not been for my teachers help, I wouldnt________(win)the first place in contest. 答案：have won　條件從句中的謂語動詞用“had＋過去分詞”，主句中的謂語動詞用“should/would/could/might＋have done”。根據(jù)句意答案為have won。 8．(xx湖南，22改編)If Mr.Dewey ______(be) present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there. 答案：had been　句意為：如果杜威先生在場的話，他就會為那里的人提供任何可能的幫助。從主句中的would have offered可以看出，從句表示與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，故應(yīng)用過去完成時。 9．(xx甘肅天水一中段考改編)John wants to see me now, but I have so much work on hand that I would rather he ________(e) tomorrow than today. 答案：came　would rather后面接從句時，從句中的謂語動詞通常要用一般過去時，表示對現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼募僭O(shè)。 10．(xx陜西，17改編)If my car______(be)more reliable，I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer. 答案：had been　句意為：如果我的車更可靠點兒的話，我去年夏天就會開車去拉薩，而不是坐飛機去了。根據(jù)語境可知，此處是對過去事實的虛擬，故if條件句用過去完成時，主句謂語用“would/could/might/should＋have＋過去分詞”。 11．(xx北京，34改編)If I________(see) it with my own eyes，I wouldnt have believed it. 答案：hadnt seen　根據(jù)主句中“wouldnt have believed”可以判斷是對過去的虛擬。句意：如果不是我親眼看到，我不會相信。 12．(xx天津，7改編)I ________have worried before I came to the new school，for my classmates here are very friendly to me. 答案：neednt　neednt have done為情態(tài)動詞中表虛擬的用法，意思為“本不必做某事卻做了”。 13．(xx陜西，21改編)You ________feel all the training a waste of time，but Im a hundred percent sure later youll be grateful you did it. 答案：may　情態(tài)動詞may表推測時，意為“或許，可能”。句意：你或許覺得所有的訓(xùn)練都是浪費時間，但是我敢百分百保證，你以后一定會感恩你這么做了。 14．(xx陜西，23改編)Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I ________(dance) as well as her. 答案：danced　wish后接從句，從句用虛擬語氣。敘述與現(xiàn)在事實相反，謂語動詞用過去式(be用were)；敘述與將來事實相反，謂語動詞用could/should/would do；敘述與過去事實相反，謂語動詞用had done。由語境可知，此處表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反，故謂語動詞用過去式。句意：艾倫是一位了不起的舞蹈家。要是我能跳得像她一樣好那該有多好啊。 15．(xx福建，27改編)—Sorry，Mum！I failed the job interview again. —Oh，its too bad.You ________ have made full preparations. 答案：should　should have done本應(yīng)該干某事而事實上沒干。由failed可知“我”沒做好充分的準(zhǔn)備，因此用should have done。 二、語法填空 (xx廣東省六校聯(lián)考改編) Drunk driving, a major concern currently, is not a funny thing, __1__ has killed many people and ruined the lives of many others. At present, traffic accidents bee “the worlds first harm”． Two months ago, after __2__(drink) a lot of alcohol, my friends uncle drove his car home. He was __3__(heavy) drunk, but he still drove home by himself. On the road near his home, an old lady was going across the road, __4__ his uncle didnt notice her and he was still moving on under the influence of alcohol. And __5__ old lady didnt see his uncle, either. In the end, the lady died. __6__ it not been for his uncles drunkenness, the terrible accident would not have happened. If the lady __7__(die), she would live a happy life with her daughters and sons. And his uncles home was also destroyed by his uncle. Therefore, two __8__(family) were destroyed. I wish more people __9__(can) realize the seriousness of drunk driving and obey the traffic regulationsfaithfully.Alwaysremember：refuse __10__(drink) and drive, and give a safe world to you and me! 1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______ 6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______ 答案： 1．which　thing后是非限制性定語從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語，故填which。 2．drinking　after在此是介詞，后跟動名詞。 3．heavily　修飾was drunk用副詞。 4．but　由didnt notice判斷，該空所用詞表示轉(zhuǎn)折，故填but。 5．the　特指上文提到的lady，故填定冠詞。 6．Had　根據(jù)主句中的would not have happened判斷，逗號前面是一個虛擬語氣的條件句，句子的謂語應(yīng)用had done形式；但是因為省略了if，所以要把had提前到句首，由此可判斷出該空填Had。 7．hadnt died　if引導(dǎo)的是一個與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣句子，故應(yīng)用過去完成時，填hadnt died。 8．families　集體名詞family在此是被看作整體，此處指“兩個家庭”，應(yīng)用其復(fù)數(shù)形式families。 9．could　wish后的從句用虛擬語氣，此處表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的情況，所以填could。 10．to drink　refuse后用動詞不定式作賓語，refuse to do sth.“拒絕做某事”。 三、語法填空 (xx長春市二模) A man went to a barbershop to have his hair cut. As the barber began to work, they started chatting. They talked __1__ so many things and various subjects. When they __2__(final) touched on the subject of God, the barber said，“I dont believe that God exists.” “Why do you say that？” asked the customer. “Well, you just have to go out in __3__ street to prove that. Tell me, if God existed, would there be so many sick people? Would there be abandoned children? If God existed, there __4__ be neither suffering nor pain. I cant imagine __5__(love) a God who would allow all of these things to happen.” The customer thought for a moment, but didnt respond because he didnt want to start an __6__(argue). After everything __7__(do) and just after he left the barbers, he saw a man in the street with long dirty hair. The customer entered the barbers again and said, “You know what? __8__ do not exist. ” “How can you say that？” asked the surprised Barber. “I am here, and I am a barber. And I just __9__(work) on you！” “No！” the customer said. “barbers dont exist because __10__ they did, there would be no people with dirty long hair, like that man outside.” 1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______ 6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______ 文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文，講述了一名機智的顧客用詼諧的語言來反駁理發(fā)師的“上帝不存在”觀點的故事。 1．答案：about　talk about sth.為固定短語，意為“談?wù)撃呈隆?。故填about。 2．答案：finally　空格處修飾整個時間狀語從句，應(yīng)用副詞。故填finally。 3．答案：the　in the street為固定短語，意為“在大街上”。故填the。 4．答案：would/should/could/might　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此句為表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬語氣，主句應(yīng)用“would/should/could/might＋do”形式。故填would/should/could/might。 5．答案：loving　imagine后的動詞應(yīng)用ing形式，故填loving。 6．答案：argument　因為空格前有不定冠詞an，所以空格處應(yīng)用argue的名詞形式。故填argument。 7．答案：was done　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處缺少謂語動詞，且應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。再結(jié)合文章的時態(tài)是一般過去時可知，應(yīng)填was done。 8．答案：Barbers　根據(jù)下文中的“Barbers dont exist”可知，此處應(yīng)填Barbers。 9．答案：worked　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處缺少謂語動詞，且由于理發(fā)師剛給這位顧客理了發(fā)，故應(yīng)用一般過去時。故填worked。 10．答案：if　此處缺少引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句“________ they did”的連詞if，表示“如果理發(fā)師真的存在……”。 四、短文改錯 Nothing is impossible! If you have a dream, your dream will must e true as long as you always work hard. To tell you truth, my dream is mon. I want to be a doctor. There was a time that I was in hospital. I saw with my own eyes that a doctor fights all night to save a babys life. I was touched by the kindly behavior of the doctor. I think doctors are the greatest. We can make patients recover from a disease. However, I am determined to be a doctor to help whomever suffers from illnesses. I hope that I am able to help people keep healthy. At the same time, I will devote myself to treat patients. In a word, if I bee a doctor in the future, I will try my best to help each patient. From now on, I will spare no effort to study every subjects so that I can go to a key university. 答案： Nothing is impossible! If you have a dream, your dream will must e true as long as you always work hard. To tell you truth, my dream is mon. I want to be a doctor. There was a time I was in hospital. I saw with my own eyes that a doctor all night to save a babys life. I was touched by the behavior of the doctor. I think doctors are the greatest. can make patients recover from a disease. ， I am determined to be a doctor to help suffers from illnesses. I hope that I am able to help people keep healthy. At the same time, I will devote myself to patients. In a word, if I bee a doctor in the future, I will try my best to help each patient. From now on, I will spare no effort to study every so that I can go to a key university. 解析： 第一處：去掉must　will后跟實義動詞，不可跟情態(tài)動詞。 萋二處：you后加the　to tell you the truth是固定表達，意為“說實話”。 第三處：that→when　定語從句修飾先行詞a time，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作時間狀語，故用when。 第四處：fights→fought　描述過去的故事，要用一般過去時，fight的過去式是fought。 第五處：kindly→kind　修飾名詞behavior要用形容詞。 第六處：We→They　指代前一句中的doctors，用第三人稱they。 第七處：However→Therefore　根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系可知此處表示“因此”，引出結(jié)果；however表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。 第八處：whomever→whoever　賓語從句引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語，要用whoever。 第九處：treat→treating　devote oneself to結(jié)構(gòu)中的to是介詞，后跟名詞或動名詞。 第十處：subjects→subject　every后跟可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。