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1、第二十九篇 I’ll Be Bach 1.Composer David Cope is the inventor of a computer program that writes original works of classical music. It took Cope 30 years to develop the software. Now most people can’t tell the difference between music by the famous German composer J. S. Bach (1685-1750) and th

2、e Bach-like compositions from Cope’s computer. 作曲家大衛(wèi)科普發(fā)明了一個(gè)電腦軟件,它能編寫(xiě)出古典音樂(lè)的原創(chuàng)作品?？破栈?0年才完成這個(gè)軟件，現(xiàn)在，科普的電腦寫(xiě)出的作品與德國(guó)著名作曲家J.S.巴赫寫(xiě)的作品很相似，很少人能分辨出其中不同。 2.It all started in 1980 in the United States, when Cope was trying to write an opera. He was having trouble thinking of new melodies, so he wrote a compute

3、r program to create the melodies. 這一切始于1980年的美國(guó)，那時(shí)科普正在寫(xiě)一部戲劇，但是他無(wú)法創(chuàng)作出新的旋律，于是他編寫(xiě)了一個(gè)電腦軟件來(lái)幫他編曲。At first this music was not easy to listen to. What did Cope do? 最開(kāi)始的時(shí)候，軟件寫(xiě)出的樂(lè)曲并不動(dòng)聽(tīng)?？破帐窃趺醋龅哪?？He began to rethink how human beings compose music. 他開(kāi)始重新考慮人們作曲的方式。He realized that composers，brains work like big d

4、atabases. First, they take in all the music that they have ever heard. Then they take out the music that they dislike. Finally, they make new music from what is left. 他認(rèn)識(shí)到作曲家的大腦就像一個(gè)大數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，他們先吸收他們聽(tīng)過(guò)的所有音樂(lè)，然后去除他們不喜歡的，最后再根據(jù)留下的音樂(lè)來(lái)創(chuàng)作出新的旋律。According to Cope, only the great composers are able to create the da

5、tabase accurately, remember it, and form new musical patterns from it.科普認(rèn)為，只有偉大的作曲家才能建立好的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，并且能熟記于心，從而創(chuàng)造出新的音樂(lè)。 3.Cope built a huge database of existing music. He began with hundreds of works by Bach. The software analyzed the data：it broke it down into smaller pieces and looked for patterns. It th

6、en combined the pieces into new patterns. Before long, the program could compose short Bach-like works. They weren’t good, but it was a start. 科普根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的音樂(lè)建立了龐大的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，最開(kāi)始的時(shí)候，數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)包含了幾百部巴赫的作品?？破盏能浖⑦@些數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析：首先它講音樂(lè)拆解成小的片段，從中找出固定模式，然后將片段合成新的模式。不久，這個(gè)軟件就能夠?qū)懗龊桶秃诊L(fēng)格很像的小曲子。它們并不完美，但這只是個(gè)開(kāi)始。 4.Cope knew he had more

7、work to do-he had a whole opera to write. He continued to improve the software. Soon it could analyze more complex music. He also added many other composers, including his own work, to the database. 科普知道，他要做的還有很多——他得寫(xiě)出一整部歌劇。他進(jìn)一步完善他的軟件，不久它就能夠?qū)懗龈鼜?fù)雜的音樂(lè)了。他還在數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中加入了一些其他作曲家的作品，其中也包括他自己的作品。 5.A few years

8、 later，Cope’s computer program, called “Emmy”，was ready to help him with his opera. The process required a lot of collaboration between the composer and Emmy. Cope listened to the computer’s musical ideas and used the ones that he liked. With Emmy, the opera took only two weeks to finish. It was cal

9、led Cradle Falling, and it was a great success! Cope received some of the best reviews of his career, but no one knew exactly how he had composed the work. 幾年后，科普的軟件“艾米”已經(jīng)能夠幫助他創(chuàng)作歌劇了。創(chuàng)作過(guò)程需要作曲家和艾米共同配合?？破振雎?tīng)艾米寫(xiě)出的音樂(lè)片段，從中選取他認(rèn)為好的。有了艾米的幫助，科普之用了兩個(gè)星期就完成了這部歌劇，叫做《搖籃墜落》。演出獲得巨大成功，科普也得到了他有生以來(lái)最高的評(píng)價(jià)，但是沒(méi)有人知道他究竟是怎樣創(chuàng)作

10、出這部歌劇的。 6.Since that first opera, Emmy has written thousands of compositions. Cope still gives Emmy feedback on what he likes and doesn’t like of her music, but she is doing most of the hard work of composing these days! 從那以后，艾米已經(jīng)寫(xiě)了上千部作品?？破宅F(xiàn)在依然會(huì)給艾米反饋，告訴她自己哪些音樂(lè)是他喜歡的，哪些是不喜歡的，但是現(xiàn)在大部分艱巨的工作是由艾米來(lái)完成的！

11、 詞匯： original/??r?d??n?l / adj．有獨(dú)創(chuàng)性的 collaboration / k??læb??re???n / n．合作 review/ r?vju:/ n．評(píng)論 feedback /fi:dbæk / n．反饋 注釋 J. S. Bach約翰?塞巴斯蒂安?巴赫（德語(yǔ)：Johann Sebastian Bach，1685年3月31日一1750年7月28日），巴洛克時(shí)期的德國(guó)作曲家，杰出的管風(fēng)琴、小提琴、大鍵琴演奏家，同作曲家亨德?tīng)柡吞├章R名。巴赫被普遍認(rèn)為是音樂(lè)史上最重要的作曲家之一，并被尊稱為“西方‘現(xiàn)代音樂(lè)’之父”，也是西方文化史上最重要的人物之一。