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2019-2020年高考英語二輪專題復習 專題七 情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣練習 1．(xx課標卷Ⅱ)Since nobody gave him any help, he ______ have done the research on his own. A．can　　　　　　　　　　B．must C．would D．need 解析：句意：既然沒人給予他任何幫助，他一定是獨自完成這項研究的。本題考查情態(tài)動詞。must have done表示對過去情況的肯定推測，意為“一定做了”，符合語境。can表推測通常用于疑問句和否定句；would have done表示與過去事實相反的假設，通常用于虛擬語氣中：need和have done連用時常用否定形式neednt have done“本沒有必要做某事(而做了)”。 答案：B 2．(xx北京卷)—You neednt take an umbrella. It isnt going to rain. —Well, I dont know. It ______ do. A．might B．need C．would D．should 解析：句意：——你不需要帶傘，不會下雨的。——哦，我不知道，或許會下。本題考查情態(tài)動詞。根據(jù)語境可知，說話人對是否下雨并不是很確定，因此選擇A項might或許。need需要，would將會，should應該，均不符合句意。此題一些考生可能會忽略了答語中的I dont know，而選擇了would，誤認為說話人要表達的意思是將要下雨。 答案：A 3．(xx天津卷)No one ______ be more generous; he has a heart of gold. A．could B．must C．dare D．need 解析：句意：沒有人可能比他更慷慨，他有一顆金子般的心。本題考查情態(tài)動詞。A：可能；B：必須，肯定；C：敢；D：需要，有必要。故選A項。 答案：A 4．(xx浙江卷)I ______ myself more—it was a perfect day. A．shouldnt have enjoyed B．neednt have enjoyed C．wouldnt have enjoyed D．couldnt have enjoyed 解析：句意：我過得非常開心(我不可能過得更愉快了)——這真是完美的一天。本題考查情態(tài)動詞表示推測的用法。couldnt have done... more可以表示“過去不可能更……”的意思，符合此句句意。 答案：D 5．(xx遼寧卷)Harry is feeling unfortable. He ______ too much at the party last night. A．could drink B．should drink C．would have drunk D．must have drunk 解析：句意：Harry感覺很不舒服，他在昨晚的聚會上一定是喝多了?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞。根據(jù)時間狀語last night，得知本句應該屬于對過去發(fā)生事情的推測，故排除A、B兩項。must have done表示“過去一定做過某事”，would have done表示對過去情況的虛擬，常用于非真實條件句中，不符合題意。 答案：D 6．(xx重慶卷)—It rained cats and dogs this morning. Im glad we took an umbrella. —Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we ______. A．hadnt B．havent C．didnt D．dont 解析：句意：——今天早上雨下得很大。很高興我們帶了雨傘?！堑模俏覀儧]帶傘的話我們就被淋成落湯雞了。本題考查虛擬語氣。根據(jù)語境提示可判斷此處表示與過去事實相反，所以if條件從句中使用過去完成時。 答案：A 7．(xx福建卷)—Do you think George has passed the driving test? —No. If so, he ______ his car to our college yesterday. A．would drive B．drove C．would have driven D．had driven 解析：句意：——你認為喬治通過駕照考試了嗎？——沒有。要是考過了，他昨天就開車到我們大學來了。本題考查虛擬語氣。分析題干可知，if后是非真實條件句，表示與過去事實相反的假設，主句的謂語動詞結(jié)構為“should/would/could/might＋have＋動詞的過去分詞”，故答案為C項。 答案：C 8．(xx安徽卷)I ______ to my cousins birthday party last night, but I was not available. A．went B．had gone C．would go D．would have gone 解析：句意：我昨天晚上本來想要去我表兄的生日聚會，但是沒有空。本題考查虛擬語氣。句中的時間狀語last night明確表示應該是對過去事實的虛擬，對過去事實虛擬的形式可以是would have done結(jié)構。故選D項。 答案：D 9．(xx江蘇卷)I should not have laughed if I ______ you were serious. A．thought B．would think C．had thought D．have thought 解析：句意：如果我(當時)認為你是認真的，我就不會笑了。本題考查虛擬語氣。根據(jù)should not have laughed可以判定是對過去的虛擬，條件從句中對過去的虛擬要用had done形式，故選C項。 答案：C 10．(xx陜西卷)My mom suggests that we ______ eat out for a change this weekend. A．should B．might C．could D．would 解析：句意：我媽媽建議我們應該換換口味，這個周末出去吃飯。本題考查虛擬語氣。題干中的suggests是解題的標志詞，它后面的賓語是從句需用虛擬語氣，動詞使用(should)do的形式，故選A。 答案：A 1．(xx鄭州質(zhì)檢)Dont be angry with us. We ______ with you together, but we were busy with our final reports when you called in. A．would eat out B．must have eaten out C．should eat out D．could have eaten out 解析：句意：不要生我們的氣。我們本可以和你一起出去吃飯，但當你打來電話的時候我們正忙著寫總結(jié)報告。根據(jù)題干中的were可知設空處表示過去的事情，故排除A、C兩項；B項表示“過去一定做了某事”，不合乎本題要求；D項表示“過去可以做某事卻沒有做”，符合本題要求，故為答案。 答案：D 2．(xx成都診斷)—Where did you get this book? —I picked it up from a secondhand bookshop if you ______ know. A．must B．will C．can D．shall 解析：句意：——你在哪里買的這本書？——如果你偏要知道，我是在一家二手書店買到的。must必須，偏要。will用于if從句只能表示“愿意”的意思，不合句意要求，故被排除；can能夠，可能，也不合要求，故也被排除；第二人稱與shall連用，用于陳述句表示警告、命令、允諾、強迫、決心、威脅等，不合本題要求，故被排除。 答案：A 3．(xx安徽聯(lián)考Ⅰ)I cant thank you ______ much for your help. Without it I ______ in finding my lost son. A．so; wouldnt have succeeded B．too; wouldnt succeed C．too; wouldnt have succeeded D．that; wouldnt succeed 解析：句意：我對你的幫助再怎么感謝也不為過。沒有你的幫助我就不會找到丟失的兒子。cant與too連用，意為“再……也不為過”，故排除A、D兩項；根據(jù)句意可知設空處為與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣，其謂語的形式為：would/should/could/might＋have＋過去分詞，故答案為C項。 答案：C 4．(xx東城聯(lián)考)—______ you play that music so loud, uh? Ive got an interview tomorrow! —Terribly sorry. I didnt realize that you could hear it. A．Can B．Could C．Must D．Would 解析：句意：——你播放音樂偏要那么大音量，嗯？明天我還有一個面試！——非常對不起。我沒意識到你能聽得見。A：能夠，可以；B：可以；D項與you連用常表示請求。以上三項均不符合本題要求，故被排除；C：偏要，必須，符合題意。 答案：C 5．(xx衡水六模)Some young people these days just ______ go out of their homes to contact the real world. A．mustnt B．wont C．mightnt D．shouldnt 解析：句意：現(xiàn)在一些年輕人就是不愿意走出家門與真實世界相接觸。A表禁止；B：不愿意；C：可能不；D：不應該。 答案：B 6．(xx長春四模)—Please dont tell anybody. —I ______. I promise. A．cant B．dont C．wont D．mustnt 解析：句意：——請別告訴任何人?！也粫?，我保證。本題考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。cant不可能，不能夠；dont助動詞，表示否定；wont不會的，是will not的縮寫；mustnt表禁止。根據(jù)句意，選C項。 答案：C 7．(xx安慶三模)—She looks very happy. She ______ have passed the exam. —I guess so. Its not difficult after all. A．should B．must C．could D．might 解析：句意：——她看上去很開心。她一定是通過了考試?！蚁胧前?。畢竟考試不難。本題考查情態(tài)動詞。四個備選項都可以用來表示推測，must語氣最強，然后是should，could，might語氣最弱。根據(jù)語境，說話人推測她通過考試是有一定的理由的，即她看起來很開心，因此推測時很有把握，故用must。 答案：B 8．(xx河北質(zhì)檢)John ______ yet, or he would have telephoned me. A．mustnt have arrived B．shouldnt have arrived C．need not have arrived D．cant have arrived 解析：句意：約翰不可能已經(jīng)到了，否則他早就給我打電話了。沒有mustnt have done形式；B：過去本不該做某事，但做了；C：過去不必做某事，但做了；D：過去不可能做了某事。 答案：D 9．(xx東北三校)______ we go to the McDonalds? Im sick of the food there. A．Need B．Can C．Shall D．Must 解析：句意：我們必須去麥當勞嗎？那里的食物我吃膩了。can和shall與we連用，用于一般疑問句表示建議，或請求對方的允許，很顯然不合本句要求。must必須，偏要；need需要；本句說話者表示不想去麥當勞，故答案為D項。 答案：D 10．(xx南昌一模)－Why ______ it get colder when we climb up a mountain? －We are getting nearer to the sun! A．ought to B．would C．should D．must 解析：句意：——我們爬到山上怎么會更冷呢？——我們更靠近太陽啊！should與why，how等疑問詞連用，表示拒絕、惱怒或驚奇，又如：How should I know？我怎么知道呢？Why should he think that？他為什么那么想呢？ 答案：C 11．(xx大連雙基)If the world ______ on Dec.21st,xx，we ______ able to enjoy the wonderful life now. A．had ended; wouldnt have been B．ended; wouldnt be C．had ended; wouldnt be D．ended；wouldnt have been 解析：句意：如果世界在xx年12月21日滅亡，我們現(xiàn)在就不能夠享受美好的生活。本題考查虛擬語氣。if從句與過去事實相反，而主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反，故答案為C項。 答案：C 12．(xx蚌埠質(zhì)檢)—Its no easy task to catch a ticket on a website that receives 1 billion clicks daily. —I cant agree with you more. There ______ be errors for every single step. A．should B．must C．can D．will 解析：句意：——在每天被點擊十億次的網(wǎng)站上搶到一張票不是容易的事?！曳浅Ｍ饽愕恼f法。每一步都有可能出錯。本題考查情態(tài)動詞表示推測。can用于肯定句表示理論上的可能，即用來說明主語的特征。 答案：C 13．(xx東北調(diào)研)With all his money, he ______ worry about a little thing like 5 cents! A．can B．must C．may D．should 解析：句意：有那么多錢，他竟然為像5分錢一樣的小事而煩惱！should表示驚訝，意為“竟然”，故選D項。 答案：D 14．(xx遼寧聯(lián)考)No person ______ carry a mobile phone into the examination room during the national college entrance examination. A．shall B．must C．can D．need 解析：句意：在高考時任何人都不能將手機帶進考場。shall用在條約、規(guī)章、法令等文件中表示義務或規(guī)定，一般用于第三人稱且用于陳述句，意為“應該，必須”。 答案：A 15．(xx天津聯(lián)考)______ for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam. A．Hadnt it been B．Had it not been C．Was it not D．Were it not 解析：句意：要不是她摔斷了腿，她可能就通過考試了。根據(jù)題干中的broke，might have passed可推知設空處為與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣。與過去事實相反，if從句謂語動詞應用為“had＋過去分詞”，故排除C、D兩項；如果虛擬語氣的if從句為否定句，省略if時，只需將助動詞、were或情態(tài)動詞提前，而否定詞not需保持在主語之后，故排除A項。 答案：B 1．－Why didnt you e to play volleyball yesterday? －Sorry! I wanted to, but my sister simply ______ not let me out because she was ill at home. A．could B．might C．would D．should 解析：語意：——昨天你為什么沒來打排球？——對不起！我想來的，但我妹妹就是不讓我出來，因為她生病在家。would愿意，偏要，表示意志或意愿，符合題意。 答案：C 2．－Do we have to decorate the classroom today, sir? －Yes, you ______. The headmaster is ing to inspect it. A．can B．may C．should D．must 解析：根據(jù)答語后半部分可知，“必須”今天裝飾教室。 答案：D 3．－Oh, my God! Our teacher is so mean! －Calm down, my friend. Even though she is tough sometimes, she ______ be nice if you really work hard. A．must B．should C．can D．shall 解析：答語語意：冷靜，朋友，盡管她有時是嚴厲的，但是如果你真正努力學習的話，她會非常和藹的。can表示一種可能性。 答案：C 4．－I have looked for my cell phone everywhere, but I didnt find it. －Sorry to hear that. It ______. A．must be taken away B．could have been taken away C．should have been taken away D．must have been taken away 解析：語意：——我已經(jīng)到處找過我的手機了，但沒有找到?！嘎牭竭@事，它肯定讓人拿走了。語境表明此處是對過去發(fā)生的事情的肯定猜測，故選D。 答案：D 5．What surprised me most was that Peter, my best friend, ______ have betrayed me. A．would B．could C．should D．might 解析：語意：最讓我吃驚的是我最好的朋友Peter竟然背叛了我。should可用以表示說話人的特殊情感，如驚奇、憤怒、失望等。 答案：C 6．You had better take another flight to Tokyo. The AA 505 Flight ______ have been cancelled. But you should call the airport to make sure. A．must B．should C．would D．might 解析：語意：你最好坐另外一個航班去東京。AA 505航班可能已被取消了。但你最好打電話到機場確認一下。might表示把握不太大的推測。 答案：D 7．It didnt look new, so it ______ have been something my mom bought for her future grandchild. A．couldnt B．mustnt C．mightnt D．wouldnt 解析：語意：這看起來不是新的，所以不會是媽媽為她未來的孫子買的。could用于否定句或疑問句中，表示推測。根據(jù)語意，應選擇A項。 答案：A 8．－What does the notice over there read? －“No media ______ cover the event without the permission of the organizing mittee.” A．will B．may C．shall D．must 解析：答語語意：沒有組委會的允許，任何媒體不準報道此事。shall用于第二、第三人稱，表示警告、允諾、命令、威脅等。 答案：C 9．I dont think well need any more help to get the project pleted on time, but we ______. A．must B．might C．should D．could 解析：根據(jù)語意可知此處為不太確定的猜測，故might“可能”合適。 答案：B 10．If he learned the things he ______ in high school, Robert wouldnt have gone to that unknown college. A．should learn B．should have learned C．must learn D．must have learned 解析：語意：如果羅伯特在高中的時候?qū)W了他本應該學的東西，他就不會去那個不出名的大學。should have learned本應該學而實際上沒學，符合題意。 答案：B 11．The illegal entry and employment of foreigners have developed into a serious problem, so there ______ be measures to improve administration. A．can B．need C．must D．might 解析：語意：非法入境和雇用外國人已經(jīng)成了嚴重的問題，因此必須要有措施來加強管理。must必須，語氣很強烈；can能夠；need需要；might也許。故選C。 答案：C 12．－Its said that the winner of the race is a tall and thin boy. －Then it ______ be my cousin Li Wei, who looks like a “meat ball”． A．mustnt B．cant C．neednt D．shouldnt 解析：根據(jù)答語逗號后面的句子可知此處表示這場比賽的贏家不可能是李偉，故選B，表示否定推測。 答案：B 13．－Lucy, you still remember when we went to Hainan? －Sorry, I cant remember clearly now but ______ sometime 5 years ago? A．might it be B．could it be C．could it have been D．should it have been 解析：因為雙方討論的是發(fā)生在過去的事，所以要用“情態(tài)動詞＋have done”表示。could have done“過去有可能做了某事”，should have done“過去本應該做某事”。 答案：C 14．－There ______ be any difficulties about passing the road test since you practiced a lot in the driving school. －I hope so! A．mustnt B．couldnt C．shouldnt D．neednt 解析：語意：——由于你在駕校進行了大量的練習，通過路考不應該有什么困難?！Ｍ绱恕hould可以用來表達推測，表示“應該”，故選C。must表推測只用于肯定的陳述句，mustnt表示“禁止”。 答案：C 15．－I called you at noon yesterday, but nobody answered it. －Oh, Im sorry. I ______ busy cooking then. A. must have been B．should have been C．must be D．could be 解析：語意：——我昨天中午給你打電話，但無人應答?！叮瑢Σ黄?，我當時肯定正在忙著做飯。“must＋have＋過去分詞”表示對過去發(fā)生的動作的肯定推測。 答案：A