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2019-2020年高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí) 課時作業(yè)40 Meeting your ancestors 新人教版 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 (xx河北省衡水中學(xué)四調(diào)) Four schoolchildren from Belgrade, England were out on their bikes on Wednesday evening. Unexpectedly, they saw an elderly man grasping for breath(喘息) in the street. They tried to call the police and ambulance service, but their phones were not working, due to network problems. Before the Polish man became unconscious, the children kept him calm while they flagged down(招停)a passing driver. The children used words they had picked up from their Polish classmates to translate the injured mans answers to the drivers questions. Gary, 10, and his sixyearold sister, Lily, stayed with the man while Thymus and Owen, both 11, led the ambulance to the spot where he lay. Soon the man was taken to hospital. The fantastic four children who came to the aid of the elderly man deserve the highest respect for their quickthinking and courage in an emergency situation. They are a credit not only to themselves, but to their families and their school. And it is great to be able to hear such a positive story about young people. What is not so positive about this story is the fact that several adults apparently walked by without stopping to help. This seeming indifference to an emergency situation is a well noted phenomenon which psychologists sometimes refer to as “the bystander effect”. Research suggests that when a group of people witness an emergency, people are likely to assume that somebody else will intervene and they feel that the burden of responsibility is lifted from their shoulders. Perhaps the answer to this sort of things is to introduce a “Good Samaritan” law. This already exists in France and places a legal responsibility on people who witness an emergency situation to help out as long as they can do so. This certainly seems to remove any doubt about who bears the burden of responsibility for offering assistance—everyone. 1．What can we learn about the elderly man? A．He spoke Polish with the children. B．He fell from his bike and got injured. C．He was taken to hospital by the driver. D．He recovered consciousness in the street. 2．In Paragraph 3, the author mainly ________. A．shows his great sympathy for the man B．gives high praise to the four children C．offers his special thanks to the driver D．expresses his anger at several adults 3．The underlined word “intervene” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ________. A．be curious　　　　　　 B．go on C．give up D．get involved 4．In France, if an emergency happens to someone，________. A．offering help to him is required by law B．people have the right to leave the scene C．others must get permission before helping him D．the witnesses will be punished if the rescue fails 答案與解析 本文是關(guān)于四個孩子幫助一位波蘭老人，用他們所學(xué)到的知識來送老人去醫(yī)院的事，這些孩子應(yīng)得到表揚，這些事在不同的國家有不同的看法。 1．A　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段提到The children used words they had picked up from their Polish classmates to translate the injured mans answers to the drivers questions. 孩子用他們從說波蘭語同學(xué)那學(xué)到的波蘭語翻譯這位老人的答案給司機，故選A項。 2．B　段落大意題。第三段主要在講四個神奇的孩子給老人以援助，因為他們的快速思考和對策而應(yīng)得到尊敬，這不僅僅對他們自己來說是個認可，對他們的家庭和學(xué)校也是一種認可，對于年輕人來說聽到這樣的故事是很有鼓勵性的，故選B項。 3．D　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段提到Research suggests that when a group of people witness an emergency, people are likely to assume that somebody else will intervene and they feel that the burden of responsibility is lifted from their shoulders 研究者說，當(dāng)一群人目擊緊急事件時，他們會感覺其他人會出面干涉，他們沒有責(zé)任，故選D項。 4．A　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段提到This already exists in France and places a legal responsibility on people who witness an emergency situation to help out as long as they can do so. 這種事在法國，如果幫助陷入困境的人會負法律責(zé)任，故選A項。 Ⅱ.完形填空 A new word has suddenly bee wildly popular in China—“tuhao”． Its being used to describe __1__ from the new building of Peoples Daily to expensive __2__ weddings full of millionaires, and the new goldcolored iPhone. In Chinese “tu” means __3__， and “hao” means rich. To say someone is tuhao is to __4__ they e from a poor __5__ background, and have made it rich quick—but dont quite have the manners to __6__ it. “Tuhao” is __7__ an old word—dating back perhaps as __8__ as the Southern Dynasty 1,500 years ago—but __9__ has always meant something rather different. During the munist revolution, from the 1920s to early 1950s, it was widely used to refer to landholders and the gentry (鄉(xiāng)紳) who would often do bad things to those __10__ them. This new usage of the term __11__ in September after a widelyshared __12__ about a rich, but __13__ man, who went to a Buddhist monk for advice, __14__ to be told how to live a more simple life. The monk replied __15__ with the phrase “Tuhao, lets be friends！” Chinese __16__ users are highly creative in their use of language, and are __17__ inventing, and reinventing words as a way of getting past censorship (審查) rules. But in this __18__， its popularity seems to be down to the fact __19__ it encapsulates (概括) Chinas changing society so well—many people laugh at those with wealth, but are __20__ jealous. 1．A.everybody 　　　　　　　B．everything C．everywhere D．everyone 2．A.ability B．security C．celebrity D．safety 3．A.earth B．sky C．space D．a(chǎn)sh 4．A.announce B．cry C．remember D．imply 5．A.peasant B．soldier C．scholar D．teacher 6．A.put up with B．get away with C．e up with D．go along with 7．A.finally B．eventually C．a(chǎn)ctually D．lately 8．A.long B．far C．high D．late 9．A.it B．he C．she D．a(chǎn)ny 10．A.above B．beside C．beneath D．in 11．A.took up B．took down C．took off D．took in 12．A.news B．joke C．a(chǎn)ccident D．history 13．A.unhappy B．happy C．unlucky D．lucky 14．A.expecting B．imagining C．counting D．dreaming 15．A.still B．even C．rather D．instead 16．A.Internet B．TV C．telephone D．blog 17．A.quickly B．slowly C．constantly D．unconsciously 18．A.expedition B．case C．exploration D．environment 19．A.how B．why C．that D．when 20．A.openly B．publicly C．closely D．secretly 答案與解析 本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了漢語中 tuhao (土豪)一詞的來源。“土豪”原指在舊社會鄉(xiāng)里橫行霸道的地主和鄉(xiāng)紳，后被網(wǎng)友廣泛用來指那些有錢的人。 1．B　從空后的“from the new building of Peoples Daily...and the new goldcolored iPhone”可知，此處指的是物，故用 everything。 2．C　根據(jù)語境并結(jié)合后面的“full of millionaires”可知，此處指豪華的“名人”婚禮。 3．A　根據(jù)常識可知，漢語中“土”的本意是“土地”，因此選A項。 4．D　說某人是土豪即暗示他們有貧農(nóng)背景。imply “暗示”，符合語境。 5．A　根據(jù)上下文并結(jié)合常識可知，與土地打交道的是農(nóng)民，因此用 peasant “農(nóng)民”。 6．D　根據(jù) but 的轉(zhuǎn)折語氣同時結(jié)合文中對土豪的介紹可知，此處指土豪的行為舉止與其富有程度不配，因此選D項。 7．C　根據(jù)語境可知，此處指土豪一詞實際上并不是新詞，所以用 actually “事實上，實際上”。 8．B　as far as＋時間點表示“遠至……”，符合語境。 9．A　用 it 代指上文提到的“tuhao”。 10．C　這些地主階級和鄉(xiāng)紳欺壓比他們社會地位低的百姓，所以用 beneath，表示“在……以下”。 11．C　本段是對“土豪”一詞再次走紅的介紹，這里用 took off 表示“(觀念等)突然流行”，符合語境。 12．B　由本段后面的內(nèi)容可推斷，故事內(nèi)容不合邏輯，帶有調(diào)侃，故這是流傳的“笑話”。選B項。 13．A　此處 but 表示“轉(zhuǎn)折”，故用 unhappy，表示這個富人雖有錢但并不開心。 14．A　富人想過更簡單的生活，“期望”從修行的僧侶那兒得到答案。故選A項。 15．D　由后文可知，禪師回答的不是這個富人所期望的，因此用 instead “反而”。 16．A　此處指中國網(wǎng)民在語言使用上極富創(chuàng)造性，他們常常對語言進行創(chuàng)造和再創(chuàng)造，以此來規(guī)避審查。應(yīng)選A項。 17．C　結(jié)合語境并根據(jù)“inventing”可知，應(yīng)用 constantly “始終，一直”，表示一直都在進行的動作。 18．B　此處指就土豪這個例子來說。case “實例”，符合語境。 19．C　fact 后跟同位語從句，解釋說明 fact 的具體內(nèi)容，故用 that 引導(dǎo)。 20．D　此處“but”表示轉(zhuǎn)折，故選D項。很多人嘲諷富人，但暗地里卻在妒忌。 Ⅲ.語法填空 Everyone may have a plex and different process of growing up. There are many influential factors in a persons growth and __1__ (develop) of his personality. As for me, __2__ has affected me most in my growth and personality is my family and friends, the two __3__ (equal) important factors. After I was __4__(bear) my family is the first surroundings. It plays a significant role __5__ shaping my character because its the most direct source of knowledge and experience for me. As we know, those who are brought __6__ in good families tend to have a good character and vice versa. Fortunately, I belong to __7__ former. Besides, friends in some ways influence me a lot. Although, we may have many different opinions and personalities, I have really learnt something __8__ (benefit) from them. Frankly __9__ (speak), I get lots of valuable things from my family and friends. My family offers me wearmth and cares, while my friends give me __10__ (strong) and courage. Therefore, both of them have influenced me most in my growth. 答案與解析 1．development　名詞作賓語。 2．what　what引導(dǎo)主語從句，在從句中作主語。 3．equally　修飾形容詞用程度副詞。equally同樣地。 4．born　be born出生。 5．in　play a significant role in在……中起重大作用。 6．up　bring up養(yǎng)大，撫養(yǎng)。 7．the　the former前者。 8．beneficial　形容詞作定語。something beneficial一些有益的事。 9．speaking　frankly speaking坦白地說。 10．strength　名詞作賓語。strength力量。 Ⅳ.短文改錯 Grain, which is used to be the main food of most people in China, is now playing a more important role. On the other hand, meat and fish has increased rapidly. The changes in diet can be accounted by three main reason. First, people are much wealthier than before. By higher ine, they can afford to buy good foods. Second, people have realized the importance of balanced diet to their health. Lack in certain amount of meat, for example, will result in poor health. Finally, because of the economic reform, meat, chicken, fish or milk, which were scarce in the past, were produced in large quantities now. We believe that as far as the effort continues in reform and development, there will be greater changes in peoples diet in the future. 答案