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2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)新一輪總復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)法歸納 第6講 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與虛擬語(yǔ)氣練習(xí) 1.—How’s your new babysitter? —We________ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much. A. should　　　　　　　 B. might C. mustn’t D. couldn’t 2.—No one________be pared with Yao Ming in playing basketball. —Oh, you are really his big fan. A. can B. need C. must D. might 3. They________have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed. A. will B. can C. must D. should 4.—Why didn’t you e to Simon’s party last night? —I wanted to, but my mom simply________not let me out so late at night. A. could B. might C. would D. should 5.—Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now? —I am afraid you________， in case he es late for the meeting. A. will　　 B. must　　 C. may　　 D. can 6. If you________go, at least wait until the storm is over. A. can B. may C. must D. will 7.—I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official. —How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone________it. A. will have stolen B. might have stolen C. should have stolen D. must have stolen 8.—I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him? —Don’t worry. He________e. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were. A. must not B. need not C. would not D. might not 9. I________sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me. A. had e B. was ing C. would e D. would have e 10.—Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution. —I________it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview. A. attended B. have attended C. would attend D. would have attended 答案： 1. D　句意：“你們的新保姆怎么樣？”“我們不可能再請(qǐng)到更好的了。我們的孩子非常喜歡她?！薄癢e couldn’t ask for a better one.”中couldn’t與better連用表示“不可能更好”。如I couldn’t agree more.表示“我非常同意”。故選D項(xiàng)。 2. A　can表示能力，意為“能夠；會(huì)”。句意：—在打籃球方面沒(méi)有人能夠跟姚明相比。—哦，你真是他的超級(jí)粉絲。故選A項(xiàng)。 3. D　should have done意為“本該做某事(但實(shí)際上未做)”，符合句意。句意：他們本該在午飯的時(shí)候到達(dá)，但是他們的航班延誤了。A項(xiàng)為將來(lái)完成時(shí)；B項(xiàng)的can表推測(cè)，不能用于肯定句中；C項(xiàng)構(gòu)成must have done結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“一定做過(guò)某事”。 4. C　句意：—昨天晚上你為什么不去參加西蒙的晚會(huì)？—我想去，但我媽媽不讓我晚上那么晚出去。根據(jù)句意可知此處考查一種語(yǔ)氣，表示“不會(huì)”用wouldn’t。could not“不能”；might not“可能不”；should not“不應(yīng)該”。故選C項(xiàng)。 5. B　will“愿意，要”，用來(lái)表示一個(gè)人的意愿；must“必須，一定”，用來(lái)表示必要性；may“可以”；can“能夠，會(huì)”。由空前的I’m afraid可知，此處應(yīng)側(cè)重必要性。句意：—我現(xiàn)在通知他日程表的變動(dòng)嗎？—恐怕你必須通知他，以免他開(kāi)會(huì)遲到。故選B項(xiàng)。 6. C　can“能；可以”；may“可能；可以”；must“必須；一定”；will“愿意；要；會(huì)”。If you must(do sth.)“(表示雖不贊同但可允許)如果你一定要(那么做)”，是固定句型。句意：如果你一定要去，至少也要等到暴風(fēng)雨停了。故選C項(xiàng)。 7. B　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，手提包失而復(fù)得。這里是猜測(cè)，但并不確定，意為“這個(gè)手提包可能會(huì)被偷。”might的可能性小。 8. D　句意：“—我真不喜歡詹姆斯，你為什么邀請(qǐng)他？—不要擔(dān)心，他有可能不來(lái)，他說(shuō)過(guò)他對(duì)他的計(jì)劃不確定。”might“可能”，可能性較小。由句意可知，選D項(xiàng)。 9. D　由空后的but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me可知“我”并沒(méi)有早點(diǎn)來(lái)，因此第一句是一個(gè)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的句子。因?yàn)橹v述的過(guò)去的事情，所以句子應(yīng)借助于“would＋have＋過(guò)去分詞”的形式。本句可以改為以下形式：I would have e sooner if I had known that they were waiting for me.句意：我本來(lái)能夠早點(diǎn)來(lái)，但是我不知道他們?cè)诘戎摇９蔬xD項(xiàng)。 10. D　由but后的I was busy preparing for a job interview可知說(shuō)話者并沒(méi)有去聽(tīng)演講，因此此處應(yīng)是一個(gè)表示過(guò)去的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。對(duì)過(guò)去的事情進(jìn)行虛擬時(shí)，主句應(yīng)用“would＋have＋過(guò)去分詞”。本句可以改為I would have attended it if I hadn’t been busy preparing for a job interview.句意：—你錯(cuò)過(guò)了關(guān)于核污染的演講真是遺憾?！冶鞠肴⒓拥模俏艺χ鴾?zhǔn)備工作面試。故選D項(xiàng)。 名校模擬演練 1. [山東煙臺(tái)調(diào)研]—Is Jack on duty today? —It________be him; it’s his turn tomorrow. A. mustn’t B. won’t C. can’t D. needn’t 2. [北京東城]Cathy went to the hospital alone. If she had told me about it, I________with her. A. had gone B. would have gone C. would go D. went 3. [全國(guó)聯(lián)考沖刺]I just bought the reference book yesterday. You________the trouble to bring yours to me. A. could have taken B. should have taken C. needn’t have taken D. mustn’t have taken 4. [河南鄭州第一次質(zhì)檢]—Who is late for class again? —________you ask? Tim, of course. A. Can　　 B. Would　　 C. Could　　 D. Need 5. [山東濰坊質(zhì)檢]—They________have prepared for the meeting more carefully. —But they didn’t. What a pity! A. shouldn’t B. can’t C. may D. ought to 6. [浙江溫州第一次聯(lián)考]As a result of the earthquake, twothirds of the buildings in the area________. A. need repairing B. needs repairing C. needs to be repaired D. need to repair 7. [福建四地六校聯(lián)考]You________me my bike yesterday afternoon; I needed it so badly. A. should have returned B. should return C. must return D. must have returned 8. [安徽“江南十?！甭?lián)考]It was so quiet in the classroom that a needle________to drop onto the floor. A. could hear B. was to be heard C. could have been heard D. must be heard 9. [江蘇南京一模]—Can I get out in the daytime? —No. The school rules state that no child________be allowed out during the day, unless acpanied by an adult. A. shall B. need C. will D. can 10. [北京西城聯(lián)考]If transport costs________into consid- eration at the beginning, the factory would have been built far from its present place. A. will be taken B. were taken C. had been taken D. were being taken 答案： 1. C　根據(jù)答語(yǔ)的后半句可知“一定不是他值日”，can表示推測(cè)時(shí)經(jīng)常用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句中。mustn’t表示禁止，不能用來(lái)表示推測(cè)。 2. B　根據(jù)題意可知，這是表示與過(guò)去的事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句。從句用“had told...”，主句應(yīng)用“would have gone...”，故B項(xiàng)正確。句意：凱茜一個(gè)人去醫(yī)院了。如果她告訴我，我就和她一起去了。 3. C　本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。could have taken 過(guò)去可以做什么，實(shí)際并沒(méi)有做；should have taken 過(guò)去本該做什么，實(shí)際并沒(méi)有做，有責(zé)備的語(yǔ)氣在里面；mustn’t have taken 這種形式是不存在的。 4. D　第一個(gè)問(wèn)“誰(shuí)又上課遲到了？”根據(jù)答語(yǔ)的第二句“Tim, of course.”可知，空白處填Need?！斑€需要問(wèn)嗎？當(dāng)然是蒂姆了。” 5. D　句意：—他們本該更細(xì)心地準(zhǔn)備會(huì)議的?！麄儧](méi)有這樣做。真可惜！ought to have done表示過(guò)去本該做某事而未做。 6. A　need表示“需要”時(shí)，后面接動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義，或接不定式的被動(dòng)形式，即need doing或need to be done。當(dāng)“幾分之幾＋of＋名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般應(yīng)根據(jù)of后的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)決定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)“the buildings”可知應(yīng)用need。因此A項(xiàng)正確。 7. A　句意：你本應(yīng)該昨天下午把我的自行車還給我的，我特別需要它。本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。should have returned表示“本該歸還”，但事實(shí)上沒(méi)有還，符合語(yǔ)境，故選擇A項(xiàng)。 8. C　此句是由“so...that...”引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。主句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句表示與過(guò)去情況相反，所以用“could have done sth.”，表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情的虛擬。句意：(當(dāng)時(shí))教室里如此安靜，以至于一根針掉在地上都能聽(tīng)到。 9. A　shall用于主語(yǔ)是第二或第三人稱的陳述句中，表示允諾或警告。 10. C　從后面的the factory would have been built...可知，此處是虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示對(duì)過(guò)去狀況的虛擬，所以條件句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用had done結(jié)構(gòu)，同時(shí)主謂之間又構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故選C項(xiàng)。