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1、一、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成形式一、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成形式1 1、邏輯主語、邏輯主語+ +V-V-inging這種構(gòu)成形式內(nèi)部的邏輯主語是分詞的這種構(gòu)成形式內(nèi)部的邏輯主語是分詞的動作執(zhí)行者，分詞表示的動作不是整句動作執(zhí)行者，分詞表示的動作不是整句主語發(fā)出的動作，而是其主語發(fā)出的動作，而是其邏輯主語邏輯主語發(fā)出發(fā)出的動作。如：的動作。如： 1)._no bus, we had to walk home. A.There being B.Being C.Having been D.There was A2)_no bus, we had to walk home. A.As there being B.

2、As there was C.Being D.There was3)_Sunday, the library doesnt open. A.Being B.There being C.It being D.Having been4)_Sunday, the library doesnt open.A.As it being B.Being C.It is D.As it is B C D2 2、邏輯主語、邏輯主語+ +V-edV-ed該構(gòu)成形式內(nèi)部的邏輯主語是分詞的動作承受者。該構(gòu)成形式內(nèi)部的邏輯主語是分詞的動作承受者。1)1)_, the train started.A.The signal

3、 given B.Giving the signal B.The signal being given D.The signal giving2)_, the train started. .A.After having given the signal B.After the signal given C.Giving the signal D.After the signal was given A D 3)_, the text became easier for us to learn. A.Explaining new words B.New words explained C.Be

4、ing explained new words D.Having explained new words4)_, the text became easier for us to learn.A.When new words were explainedB.Explaining new words C.New words explaining D.Being explained new words BA3、邏輯主語邏輯主語+形容詞（副詞）形容詞（副詞）該結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于一個未帶動詞的該結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于一個未帶動詞的“主主系系表表”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：結(jié)構(gòu)。如：1)_, the patient can leave t

5、he hospital. A.Better conditions B.Conditions better C.Conditions are better D.Being better conditions2)_, the patient can leave the hospital. A.If better conditions B.If conditions better C.If conditions are better D.Being better conditions BC3._, wed like to go outing.A.Being Sunday B.Sunday OK C.

6、Sunday is OK D.If Sunday OK4._, wed like to go outing.A.If Sunday is OK B.Sunday being OK C.Sunday OK D.A,B and C5._, you can wait a while.A.The play being still on B.The play still on C Being still on the play D.A and BBDD6._, you can wait a whileA.The play is still on B.The play being still on C.A

7、s the play is still on D.The play still on3).3).He left the office,He left the office, _._. A.tears being in eyes B.tears in eyes A.tears being in eyes B.tears in eyes C.being tears in eyes C.being tears in eyes D.with tears being in eyes D.with tears being in eyes4).He left the office _.4).He left

8、the office _. A.with tears being in eyes B.with tears in her eyes C.being tears in eyes D.tears being in eyes CBB二、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)在整句中可作以下成分：二、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)在整句中可作以下成分：1 1、原因狀語、原因狀語該結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作原因狀語時相當(dāng)于一個該結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作原因狀語時相當(dāng)于一個asas引導(dǎo)的引導(dǎo)的一個原因狀語從句。如：一個原因狀語從句。如：1)._ 1)._ no bus, we had to walk home.no bus, we had to walk home. A.T

9、here being B.As there was A.There being B.As there was C.There was D.A and B C.There was D.A and B2)._Sunday, the library doesnt 2)._Sunday, the library doesnt open.open.A.It being B.As it is C.Being D.A and B DD3._, I had to ask for two days leave.3._, I had to ask for two days leave.A.Mother being

10、 ill A.Mother being ill B.MotherB.Mother ill ill C.As mother was ill D. A,B and CC.As mother was ill D. A,B and C4._, we have to work late into 4._, we have to work late into the night.the night.A.The exam near B.The exam being near C.As the exam is near D. A,B and C DD2 2、時間狀語時間狀語獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作時間狀語時相當(dāng)于一個由

11、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作時間狀語時相當(dāng)于一個由when, as soon as, after等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。如：從句。如：1._, the train started. A.The signal given B.After the signal was given C.Given the signal D.all the above 2._, the text became easier for us to learn. A.New words explainedB.When new words were explainedC.When teacher explained new

12、wordsD.all the above DD3、條件狀語、條件狀語 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作條件狀語時可以改為由獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作條件狀語時可以改為由if引引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。如：導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。如：1)._, well go to visit the Great Wall.A.Weather permitting B.If weather permits C.If permitting D.A and B2.)_, the patient will recover himself soon.A.If the treatment is in time B.The treatment in time C.

13、The treatment being in time D.A,B and C DD4、伴隨狀語、伴隨狀語獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作伴隨狀語時相當(dāng)于一個介詞獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作伴隨狀語時相當(dāng)于一個介詞短語或并列謂語。如：短語或并列謂語。如：1).We have lessons every day, _. A.Sunday included B.Sunday including C.Sunday is including D.all the aboveA 2).Father came home,_2).Father came home,_ A.a dog following him B. followed by

14、a dog C.being followed by a dog D.all the above D分詞、分詞、獨(dú)立主格和獨(dú)立主格和“with + with + 復(fù)合賓語復(fù)合賓語”作作狀語的區(qū)別狀語的區(qū)別分詞結(jié)構(gòu)、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)、分詞結(jié)構(gòu)、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)、with + with + 復(fù)合賓復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)在句中均可作狀語，其區(qū)別是這樣語結(jié)構(gòu)在句中均可作狀語，其區(qū)別是這樣的：的：一、分詞在句中作狀語時一、分詞在句中作狀語時句子的主語句子的主語是分是分詞的邏輯主語，即主句主語是分詞的動作詞的邏輯主語，即主句主語是分詞的動作執(zhí)行者（用現(xiàn)在分詞）或動作承受者（用執(zhí)行者（用現(xiàn)在分詞）或動作承受者（用過去分詞或現(xiàn)在

15、分詞被動式）。這種情況過去分詞或現(xiàn)在分詞被動式）。這種情況下的分詞短語可以改為相應(yīng)的狀語從句或下的分詞短語可以改為相應(yīng)的狀語從句或并列謂語。并列謂語。 分詞短語在句中常作以下狀語：分詞短語在句中常作以下狀語： 1 1、原因狀語、原因狀語 1._ 1._late, we had to walk home. late, we had to walk home. A.Being B.As we were A.Being B.As we were C.We being D.A and B C.We being D.A and B 2._ busy, they had no time to 2._ bu

16、sy, they had no time to play. play. A.As they were B.Being A.As they were B.Being C.Because they were D.all the above C.Because they were D.all the aboveDD2 2、時間狀語時間狀語1._ the students homework, the teacher found a lot of mistakes.A.When he was correcting B. When he corrected C. Correcting D.all the

17、above 2._by your teachers, you are supposed to be modest.A.When you are praised B.Praised C.When praised D.all the aboveDD3 3、條件狀語條件狀語1._ more time, he is sure to finish his test paper. A.If he is given B.If given C.Given D.all the above 2._ another chance, Ill do my job better. A.If I have B.If hav

18、ing C.Having D.all the above DD4 4、伴隨狀語、伴隨狀語1.1.Father came back, _ a bag of Father came back, _ a bag of money on his left shoulder.money on his left shoulder.A.carrying B.he was carrying A.carrying B.he was carrying C.and carrying C.and carrying D.allD.all the above the above2.Father came back, _

19、by a 2.Father came back, _ by a monkey.monkey.A.and he was followed B.followed C.and was followed D.all the above DA二、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和二、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)和with + with + 復(fù)合賓語結(jié)復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)在句子中作狀語時，這種結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)部的分構(gòu)在句子中作狀語時，這種結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)部的分詞或介詞短語的詞或介詞短語的邏輯主語不是整句的主語邏輯主語不是整句的主語，即主句主語與分詞的邏輯主語不一致。如：即主句主語與分詞的邏輯主語不一致。如：1._, 1._, well go fishing in th

20、e well go fishing in the country.country.A.Permitting weather A.Permitting weather B.Weather permitted B.Weather permitted C.Weather permitting D.PermittingC.Weather permitting D.PermittingC2._, he finished playing 2._, he finished playing the game of chess.the game of chess.A.His eyes closing A.His

21、 eyes closing B.With his eyes closed B.With his eyes closed C.Closing his eyes C.Closing his eyes D.Closed his eyesD.Closed his eyes3._, I couldnt get the 3._, I couldnt get the book I wanted.book I wanted. A.Closed B. Library closed C.Closing library D.With library closing BB三、使用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)、三、使用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)、w

22、ith + with + 復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)分復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)分別在句子中作狀語時要注意：它們與主句之間不別在句子中作狀語時要注意：它們與主句之間不應(yīng)有從屬連詞（如應(yīng)有從屬連詞（如when, if, as soon as, as, when, if, as soon as, as, whilewhile等）或并列連詞（如等）或并列連詞（如and, but, or, soand, but, or, so等）。等）。例如：例如：1._ 1._ the teacher told the class to go the teacher told the class to go through the text

23、through the text A.Checking the answersA.Checking the answersB.Checking the answers and B.Checking the answers and C.When checking the answers and C.When checking the answers and D.all the aboveD.all the aboveA2._a rainy day, so all the 2._a rainy day, so all the farmers had to stay inside.farmers h

24、ad to stay inside.A.It being B.Being A.It being B.Being C.It was D.all the aboveC.It was D.all the above3.As_a little sick, he remained 3.As_a little sick, he remained at the clinic.at the clinic.A.feeling B.he felt C.he felling D.all the above CB四、在使用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)、四、在使用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)、with +with +復(fù)合賓語復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)、分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作句

25、子的狀語時，一定要看結(jié)構(gòu)、分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作句子的狀語時，一定要看句子主語同這些結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯關(guān)系。句子主語同這些結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯關(guān)系。1 1、當(dāng)句子主語與該狀語內(nèi)部動詞之間有邏輯、當(dāng)句子主語與該狀語內(nèi)部動詞之間有邏輯上的主謂或動賓關(guān)系時，該狀語可用分詞結(jié)上的主謂或動賓關(guān)系時，該狀語可用分詞結(jié)構(gòu)或從句表示。構(gòu)或從句表示。1)_ 1)_ in thought, he almost ran into in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. the car in front of him. A.Lost B.As he was lost C.He

26、 lost D.A and B D2)._2)._for the bus at the stop, he for the bus at the stop, he suddenly caught sight of a thief.suddenly caught sight of a thief. A.Waiting B.When he was waiting A.Waiting B.When he was waiting C.As he was waiting D.all the above C.As he was waiting D.all the above2 2、若句子主語與狀語內(nèi)動詞之間

27、不存在邏若句子主語與狀語內(nèi)動詞之間不存在邏輯上的主謂或動賓關(guān)系且狀語內(nèi)有自已的邏輯上的主謂或動賓關(guān)系且狀語內(nèi)有自已的邏輯主語。則該狀語不能用分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，只能用輯主語。則該狀語不能用分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，只能用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)、with +with +復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)或從句。復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)或從句。如：如：D1.The soldier fell asleep _.A.with the candle burning B.burning the candle C.when he was burning the candle D.when burning the candle2._, the Tiananmen

28、Square looks more beautiful. A.Being on B.When being on C.With all the lights on D.When it turns on all the lightsAC3._ the notice, he had an idea. 3._ the notice, he had an idea. A.When he was watching B.Watching A.When he was watching B.Watching C.When watching D.all the aboveC.When watching D.all the above4._ the notice, an idea came 4._ the notice, an idea came to his mind. to his mind. A.When he was watching B.Watching A.When he was watching B.Watching C.When watching D.all the aboveC.When watching D.all the aboveDA