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1、4 Module 1 My First Day at Senior High Grammar 1: 一般現(xiàn)在時和現(xiàn)在進行時 一 般 現(xiàn) 在 時 表示現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與usually、always、Seldom、sometimes、often、frequently、every day、every week、(year morning)on Sunday等時間狀語連用。 1.The students often do their experiment in the

2、laboratory. 2.We always care for each other and help each other. 3.I am used to listening to the weather report every morning. 4.He sometimes stays up till midnight to catch up with others. 5.Do you usually go to school on Sunday. 表示主語現(xiàn)在的特征 、性格和狀態(tài) 1、She is always ready to help others. 2、Chi

3、na is a developing country which belongs to the third world. 3、---Do you sing? –A little. 表示客觀規(guī)律、正確事實或科學(xué)真理、格言以及其他不受時間限制的客觀存在。 1、All the living things on the earth depend on the sun. 2、Knowledge comes only from practice. 3、Unpleasant advice ,like bitter medicine ,has welcome effect. *Our teac

4、her told us the earth goes round the sun. 在由連詞if、unless 、before、 as soon as when、 once、 however 等引起的時間（條件、讓步）狀語從句，需用一般現(xiàn)在時，表示將來。 1、I’ll call on you unless it rains the day after tomorrow. 2、Even if it rains tomorrow, the sports meet will take place. 3、We will start as soon as you are ready. 4

5、、However much advice you give him, he will do exactly what he wants. 表示安排或計劃要做的動作（有時間狀語）限于begin 、come、 leave、 go、arrive、start、stop、open、close、return等 1、The film starts at seven o’clock this evening. 2、The plane takes off at 5:00a.m. 3、We leave for Beijing next Friday.

6、 現(xiàn) 在 進 行 時 用法 例示 表示現(xiàn)在（說話的瞬間）正在進行或發(fā)生的動作 1、Look, the boy is dozing off. 2、Look! The monkey is climbing the banana tree. 3、I haven’t accepted his suggestion yet. I’m still considering it. 表示當(dāng)前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作（說話時動作不一定正在進行） 1、How are you getting along with your English these

7、day. 2、We are going over the grammar learned before at present. 3、W are preparing for the meeting to be held next Friday now. 表示說話人現(xiàn)在對主語的行為表贊嘆，厭惡等，常與always\constantly\continually等副詞連用 1、He is always thinking of others.（表贊許） 2、He is constantly leaving his things about.（表不滿） 3、The children a

8、re always making trouble.（表厭惡） 4、She is always asking the same question.（表厭惡） 5、You are always changing your mind.（表抱怨） 表示在最近計劃或安排要進行的動作，常限于go\come\leave\start\arrive\return\work\sleep\stay\do\have\wear等表移動，方向的動詞 1、He is starting the work in a few minutes. 2、A foreign guest is giving a le

9、cture in English this afternoon. 3、He is leaving for Beijing tomorrow afternoon. 4、He is coming to see you next month. 5、He is staying with us for a few weeks next year. Grammar 2:分詞形容詞 英語中有些形容詞是由動詞的 ---ing 構(gòu)成的（通常表示事物給人的感覺，意為“是令人感到…..的”），有些形容詞是由動詞的------ed 構(gòu)成的（通常表示人對事物的感覺，意為“對……感到……的”）。前者表示

10、主動的意義，后者表示被動的意義。由于他們的形式與現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞完全一樣，故又稱它們?yōu)椤?分詞形容詞”，在句中做表、定、狀、補等成分。常見的有： amazing ---- amazed amusing ---- amused astonishing---- astonished frighting-------frightened boring- ---bored confusing-- confused disappointing—disappointed moving ------moved dist

11、urbing - disturbed discouraging-- discouraged encouraging – encouraged tiring------tired Module 2 My New Teachers Grammar：后接V-ing的動詞 （1）英語中有很多的動詞后只跟動名詞作賓語：如 advise, consider, admit, appreciate, mind , avoid, excuse, delay, imagine, deny, enjoy, keep(on), practice, resist,

12、 escape , risk , put off, explain, quit(停止)， tolerate, pardon, allow, forbid, miss (錯過)， suggest, advise, recommend, finish, envy, can’t help （2） 有一類動詞后直接跟動名詞形式作賓語；如果后面跟名詞、代詞加賓補， 則賓補用不定式‘這類常見的可記憶為“阿福的帽子”:FU’S CAP : allow, forbid, understand, suppose, consider, advise, permitted eg: ① We

13、don’t allow using mobile phone here. ② We don’t allow him to use mobile phone here. ③ He is not allowed to use mobile phone here. （3） “動詞+ 介詞”構(gòu)成的短語，其后往往跟動名詞作賓語。尤其是含有介詞“to “的動名詞短語；常見的有：be used to 習(xí)慣于， devote oneself to 致力于； lead to導(dǎo)致；see to注意，處理 pay attention to； get down to ； stick to; get ac

14、customed to ; look forward to （4）“what \ how about + v-ing” 常用來征詢意見，意為“。。。怎么樣？ eg: What about going on a picnic? （5）有些動詞后跟不定式與動名詞的意義差別較大，高考出現(xiàn)頻率較大： forget to do sth remember to do sth doing sth doing sth regret

15、 to do sth stop to do sth doing sth doing sth mean to do sth try to do sth (努力\ 試圖做sth) doing sth doing sth (嘗試做某事) go on to do sth

16、 can’t help to do sth doing sth （with sth） doing sth 【注】：remember, forget, regret 后跟 doing 與跟having done 的意思一樣。 （6）動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)：動名詞的前面可以有自己的邏輯主語構(gòu)成動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。其結(jié)構(gòu)由物主代詞或人稱代詞（賓語）、名詞所有格或普通格加動名詞構(gòu)成, 在句子開頭必須用名詞所有格或物主代詞。 eg:① Tom’s doing sth 可作主、賓、表 His doing s

17、th ② Tom doing sth 可作主、表 Him doing sth Module 3 My First Ride on a Train Grammar 1:動詞的過去分詞 ①及物動詞的過去分詞作定語表示被動或完成，或兩者兼而有之 eg: a respected teacher a broken cup ②不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語只表示完成的含義 e

18、g：He is a retired worker. ③V-ed 形式的分詞形容詞作定語說明所修飾的名詞的狀態(tài)，無被動的含義，是一個形容詞 （1）作定語 eg：a surprised look disapointed children ④過去分詞可以和形容詞或副詞一起構(gòu)成合成形容詞一起做前置定語 eg: a highly-developed industry a widely-used language ⑤過去分詞短語作后置定語放在所修飾詞的后面，邏輯上相當(dāng)于一個被動

19、的定語從句 eg:→It is a book (which is )recommended by the teacher. →Many people (who were)invited to the party were famous scientists. （2）作表語：表示主語的特點或所處的狀態(tài) eg:The door remained locked. （3）作補語：過去分詞（一般是及物動詞的）表示被動或完成，有時兼而有之，作賓補得過去分詞與賓語之間有邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，即賓語是過去分詞動作的承受者

20、或?qū)ο蟆? eg:She found the door broken when she came in. （4）作狀語:修飾謂語動詞分詞動作與主語之間常構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，即被動關(guān)系。過去分詞作狀語，意義上相當(dāng)于狀語從句，表示原因、時間、條件、伴隨、讓步、方式等。 ①表條件：eg：Given more attention , the trees could have grown better. ②表時間：eg:Asked many times , I told him the secret.

21、 ③表伴隨：eg:The teacher came in, followed by his students. ④表讓步; eg:Shown many times , he couldn’t operate the machine on his own. ⑤表方式：eg：She was in tears as if deeply moved by the film. Grammar 2:一般過去時 一 般 過 去 時 表示過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與

22、yesterday\in 1996\two years ago\last month\the day before yesterday\the other day等表示過去的時間狀語連用 1、The great wall came into being in 221B.C 2、She suddenly fell ill in the classroom the other day. 3、Mr. Jackson came to china a score of years ago. 4、A thief broke into his house and stole his treasure

23、 last night. 表示過去一段時間內(nèi)經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的行為，常與every day\often\sometimes等時間狀語連用，“used to+動詞原形”或“would+動詞原形”常用來表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的行為。 1、When I was in the factory, I often worked in the workshop. 2、He usually came to school by bike last year. 3、We used to get up at five every morning when we were at school. 4、We

24、would ask him for advice when we had trouble with our English. 表示過去發(fā)生的一連串動作。 The professor put one finger in his mouth, tasted it, and smiled with satisfaction. 在時間、條件、方式讓步狀語從句中用一般過去時表示過去將來的動作。 1、He said he would let us know if he got any news. 2、He promised that he would buy some copies for

25、us when he went there. 3、She said she would write to us soon as she arrived at Beijing. Module 4 A social Survey—My neighbourhood Grammar：現(xiàn)在完成時 現(xiàn) 在 完 成 時 現(xiàn) 在 完 成 時 表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造

26、成的影響或結(jié)果。 1、--Have you had your lunch yet? ---Yes, I have. I have just had it.(現(xiàn)在不餓了) 2、I have already posted the parcel.(包裹已不在我這里) 表示過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，可以和表示從過去某一時刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（包括“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)）的一段時間內(nèi)的狀語連用：now\just\today\thismorning\thismonth\this year\for\since\all the time 1、I haven’t seen her these days(fo

27、r a long time). 2、Have you returned the book today? 3、I’ve known Li Lei for over 3 years. since he came here. since 10 years ago. 4、He has lived here since 1980\since yesterday. since last year. ever since(then)

28、. 與Already\never\ever\just\before\lately\recently\yet\so far\up to the present\up till now\in the past\last few years 等狀語連用。 1、I have never seen such an inspiring film before. 2、Tom has done his homework already. 3、I haven’t seen him so far. 4、---Have you ever been to Beijng?---NO ,I have neve

29、r been there 5、Up till now we haven’t seen the film. 6、He has recently come from New York. 與for\during\in\within\over引導(dǎo)的時間狀語連用，表示從過去的某一行為一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。 1、We have discussed the topic (for) the last 3 week. 2、They have made rapid progress during the past few years. 3、--Have you seen any Austrians pass

30、 by here? ----Not within the last days. 4、I haven’t seen him in the recent years. 表示反復(fù)或習(xí)慣性的動作，與several times\once\twice\three times\frequently等頻度副詞連用. 1、I haven’t watched him several times. 2、He has been to London twice. 3、I have seen the film three times. 在“最高級+名詞”或在“這是第幾次”之后跟定于從句，從句用現(xiàn)在完

31、成時。 1、This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. 2、It is the second time that you have been here. 3、This is the first time that I have visited you country. 表示從過去到現(xiàn)在沒有發(fā)生的動作。 1、He hasn’t cleaned the room for 10 days. 2、They haven’t heard from him for a score of years. 用在時間

32、、條件狀語從句中，表示從句動作先于主句動作之前已完成。 1、I will give my opinion after I have read through the book. 2、We’ll set out at once if the rain has stopped. 3、I’ll tell him after you have left. 在現(xiàn)在完成時中，終止動詞若于for\since等延續(xù)狀語連用，需把終止動詞變?yōu)閎e動詞等的適當(dāng)形式。如： die—be dead\ join-be in\ fall ill---be ill\finish—be over \leave/ g

33、o—be away \begin—be on \make friends—be friends\ become-be\ get ready-be ready\buy—get/ have \marry—be married(to) \ borrow—keep\ arrive /get to/reach/come—be in /be at/ stay \ dress—be(dressed)in\ put on—have on/wear \meet—stay together 1、He arrived in China in 1990\5 years ago. 2、He has arri

34、ved in China. 3、he has been in china since 1990\for five years. 4、It is 5 years since he (has) arrived in china. 5、 she has left school for 15 years. ⅹ She has been away from school for 15 years. ∨ 6、 She has married Jack since 1965 。ⅹ She has been married to Jack since 1965. ∨

35、 7、 borrowed the novel for several days. ⅹ I have Kept the novel for several days. 8、 he has been in the army for 5 years. ∨ He has joined the army for 5 years。 ⅹ 現(xiàn) 在 完 成 進 行 時 表示過去某一時刻開始的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，甚至將來（強調(diào)進行的過程） 1、He is ill .He has been lying in bed for three weeks

36、.(動作會繼續(xù)下去) 2、She is very tired .She has been typing letters all day. 3、Where have you been? He has been waiting for you all this morning.(動作剛剛結(jié)束) 一直到現(xiàn)在為止的一段時間內(nèi)一再反復(fù)進行的動作。 1、All these years they have been contributing articles to our magazine. 2、Jim has been phoning Jenny every might for severa

37、l weeks. Module 5 A Lesson in a Lab Grammar：形容詞和副詞的比較級 英語中的形容詞和副詞常有三種形式來表達事物的等級差別，分別是原級、比較級和最高級。大部分的形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級是通過變化詞尾來實現(xiàn)的，屬于規(guī)則變化，但也有少數(shù)是不規(guī)則變化。 （1） 規(guī)則變化 1. 單音節(jié)詞在詞尾加--er 構(gòu)成比較級，加--est構(gòu)成最高級。以---e 結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞直接加--r 和--st ;以輔音字母結(jié)尾 且前邊只有一個元音字母的，雙寫最后一個輔音字母，再加-- er 和 ---

38、est hard --- harder ----hardest late --- later --- latest hot ---- hotter ---- hottest 2.雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞的比較級和最高級 （1）以輔音字母+ y 結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)形容詞，把y變?yōu)閕 ；再加--er 和---est happy ---- happier ---- happiest （2） 其他的雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞大都在前邊加 more 和 most 構(gòu)成比較級和最高級 exact --- more exact --- most exact war

39、mly ---more warmly -----most warmly 【注】：以--ly結(jié)尾的副詞，除了early 外，其他均使用more / most 構(gòu)成比較級和最高級 （3） 有少數(shù)幾個雙音節(jié)詞以及以--er 及--le 結(jié)尾的詞，可以有兩種比較級和最高級形式 common --- commoner / more common ---- commonest / most common often ---oftener / more often ---- oftenest / more often clever- ---cleverer / more cle

40、ver ---- cleverest / most clever simple ---- simpler / more simple ---- simplest / most simple 【注】：像unhappy這樣的以--y結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)形容詞的反義詞，其比較級和最高級形式有兩種：unhappier /more unhappy --- unhappiest / most unhappy （2） 不規(guī)則變化 原級 比較級 最高級 good well better

41、 best many much more most little less least old older（年齡、新舊、血緣） elder （僅指血緣） oldest eldest bad ill worse worst

42、 far farther （僅指距離） further（指距離或程度） farthest furthest late later （較遲的，后來） latest （最新的，最晚的） 【注】：older, oldest 指年齡的大小關(guān)系，而elder , eldest 指兄妹之間的長幼關(guān)系。older, oldest 既可以作定語還 以作表語，而elder , eldest只可用來作定語。 far

43、ther ，farthest多指具體的距離；而further，furthest 多指程度上“進一步”等抽象意義。 （3） 形容詞和副詞等級的用法 1. 原級比較的用法 （1）在肯定句中用“as + 原級 +as”的結(jié)構(gòu) eg: My handwriting is as good as yours . She could do as well as a man . （2） 在否定句中，用“not so / as +原級+ as ”的結(jié)構(gòu) eg: I didnt do my homework so /as carefully as you

44、. I am not so / as busy as i used to be . 【注】：如果第一個as后的形容詞作定語修飾名詞，應(yīng)該將形容詞和名詞一起放在第一個as的后面 eg: We have produced as many computers as we did last year . I dont make as much money as you do. 2. 比較級的用法 （1） 當(dāng)甲大于乙時，用“比較級+than”表示；當(dāng)甲小于乙時，用“not + 比較級 + than”或“l(fā)ess + 原級+than ” 表示

45、 eg: Robert jumps higher than any of the others . She doesnt work harder than you（ do ）. I look less young than you （do）。 【注】：? 在此類表示比較的結(jié)構(gòu)中應(yīng)該注意避免和包括自身的對象進行比較 any other + 單數(shù)名詞 all the other + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 比較級 + than + anyone else

46、 any of the other +復(fù)數(shù)名詞 ? 注意在使用比較等級時被比較內(nèi)容的對等性 Her voice is as sweet as a bird .（錯誤） Her voice is as sweet as that （=the voice ）of a bird .（正確） （2） 比較級的一些特殊用法 ①“比較級 + and + 比較級”表示事物本身程度的逐漸增長，意為“越來越。。。。”。 The city is becoming

47、 more and more beautiful . ②“ the + 比較級。。。。。 ， the +比較級。。。?！?。表示一方的程度隨著另一方程度的平行增長，意為 “越。。。。。就越。。。?！?。 The more you learn , the more you know . ③ the + 比較級 + of the two + n.（復(fù)數(shù)） The taller of the two boys is my brother . ④ “more + 原級 + than ”表示“與其說。。。。倒不如說。。。。”。 She is mo

48、re shy than cold . ⑤ no more than 與not more than 的用法 She spent no more than （=only：不過，僅僅 ，表示少的意思）50 dollars on the coat. She spent not more than （不超過，表示客觀的數(shù)量）50 dollars on the coat . ⑥ “can / could not + 比較級”表示最高級的意義 I couldnt agree more . The idea sounds great to me . ⑦ “can / could

49、 not （never , hardly ....）+ .....+ too / enough ”表示“再。。。。。也不過分；越。。。越好”。 You cant be too careful .（你越仔細越好。） I cant thank you enough .（我感激不盡。） ⑧ 倍數(shù)的表達法 Your school is four times the size of ours . Your school is four times as big as ours . Your school is three times big

50、ger than ours . Your school is four times what our school is . （你們學(xué)校是我們學(xué)校的4倍大。） 【注】：? 比較的范圍：如果比較的范圍不一樣，表達方式也不一樣 China is larger than any other country in Asia。（比較的范圍一致） China is larger than any country in African .（比較的范圍不一致） ? 注意比較結(jié)構(gòu)中的省略現(xiàn)象：由于日常交際的需要，在彼此都明了的場合中，比較對象往往省

51、略。 I had never spent a more worrying day . （后面省略了 than that ） The piano in the other shop will be cheaper , but not as good .（省略了 as the one in this shop） 【注】:這種省略現(xiàn)象的比較級結(jié)構(gòu)是歷年高考?？嫉膬?nèi)容，應(yīng)加以注意。 3. 最高級的用法：最高級表示在三者或三者以上中程度最高的比較方式 （1） the + 最高級 + （名詞） + 比較范圍的短語或從句 China is the large

52、st country in Asia .（在一定的地域空間內(nèi)用“in”） China is the largest one of all the Asian countries .（在同一類事物范圍內(nèi)進行比較用“of”） 【注】：the most ....為最高級，意為“最。。。。”，而（a）most .....不是最高級，其中的most 意為“十分，非?！保? 表示程度，相當(dāng)于very，修飾其后的名詞。 Last week we had a most heated discussion on this topic . They are most hands

53、ome boys . （2） 運用比較級表達最高級 ? She is taller than any other girl in her class . She is taller than the other girls in her class. She is taller than the rest of the girls in her class. =She is the tallest girl in her class. ?I have never heard a better voice than yours . =Your voice is the

54、best voice that i have ever heard . 4. 比較等級的修飾語：在比較結(jié)構(gòu)中，為了強調(diào)形容詞、副詞的程度，在比較級前可以用以下副詞修飾： （1） 表示“比。。。。。。多 / 強/ 好得多”的詞有：a lot , a great deal , much , far, by far, far and away等。 She is much cleverer than me . The boy bought far more books than i . I feel much / a great deal better toda

55、y . This is （by）far the best article i have ever read . =This is the best article by far that i have ever read . （2）表示“比。。。。。多/ 少/ 好/ 強一點兒”的詞有：a bit , a little ,slightly 等。 The task is a bit harder than that one . （3） 表示加強語氣的詞有：even , still , yet , rather 等。 （4） 表示具體的“多/ 長/ 高/ 強/ 多少”

56、的詞有：twice , five times, many times, two fifths, 20%等。 She is a head taller than i . The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. （5） 在疑問句中多用any 修飾比較級 Are you feeling any better today ? ---Yes , i feel much / a great deal better today . 4． 無比較等級的形容詞和副詞 1.本身就有比較級含義的詞：senior（年長的，較高的）;

57、 junior（年少的，較低的） ;prior（在先的）; anterior（前 面的） ; inferior （次于，下等的）; superior（優(yōu)于，上等的）; major（主要的）; minor （次要的，較小的）; posterior（以后的） 在使用這些詞時無須加more，也不能和than連用，而要用介詞to引出比較對象 He is senior to me by several years.（他比我大好幾歲。） 2. 表示“絕對”意義的形容詞和副詞 absolutely entirely excellently perfectly totally tho

58、roughly utterly wholly faultlessly completely 3. 表示狀態(tài)的形容詞 afraid asleep alive ashamed awake alone aware alike 4. 表示時間、方位、處所的形容詞和副詞 now present today ahead east there 5. 表示獨一無二的形容詞 only mere unique single 6. 表示國籍的形容詞及有人名派生而成的形容詞 Japanese American Indian Leninist

59、 （列寧主義的） 7. 表示強調(diào)的詞 right very just 8. 表示大小、極限、先后順序、是非的詞 maximum minimum extremely first true false right wrong Module 6 The Internet and Telecommunications Grammar 1: 合成詞 （1） 合成名詞 ①名詞+名詞: football; classroom ②形容詞+名詞: blackboard ; shor

60、thand (速記法) ③動詞+名詞: pickpocket ④副詞+名詞 : outbreak ; downfalls（垮臺） ⑤V-ing+名詞 : sleeping pills ; waiting room ⑥動詞+副詞 : get-together ; breakthrough (2) 合成形容詞 ①形容詞+名詞-ed: good-tempered ②形容詞+過去分詞 :rea

61、dy-made（現(xiàn)成的） ③形容詞+V-ing ：good-looking ； easy-going ④副詞+過去分詞 ： well-known ； newly-built ⑤副詞+V-ing ： hard-working ⑥名詞+過去分詞： man-made ⑦名詞+V-ing ：peace-loving ； english-speaking

62、 ⑧名詞+形容詞： duty-free ⑨數(shù)詞+名詞 ：first-class (3) 合成動詞 ①名詞+動詞：brainwash ②副詞+動詞： overcome ③形容詞+動詞：safeguard Grammar 2:冠詞 第一章、定冠詞 1. 定冠詞特指某個（某些）人或某個（某些）事物 Many people came here to visit the old castle. 很多人來這里參觀這座古城堡。 The man in bla

63、ck is a magician. 穿黑色衣服的那個人是個魔術(shù)師。 2. 定冠詞用于第二次提到或復(fù)述上文提過的人或事物 He was given a pen and a form. He is going to use the pen to fill out the form. 他拿到一支筆和一張表。他要用這支筆填這張表。 They went into a small pub. The pub was crowded with people. 他們進了一家小餐館，那個餐館里擠滿了人。 3. 定冠詞用于交際環(huán)境中各方彼此熟悉的人或事物 The car is badly dama

64、ged. 這輛車損壞嚴重。（交際各方都知道是哪輛車） Please close the door. 請關(guān)上門。（交際各方都知道是哪個門） 4. 定冠詞用于可數(shù)名詞前表示某一類人或事物 The wheel is said to be the first invention of man. 據(jù)說，輪子是人類的第一項發(fā)明。 The horse is a useful animal. 馬是一種有用的動物。 5. 定冠詞用于某些名詞或形容詞前，表示一類人、一個民族、階級或階層 the Chinese 中國人 the poor 窮人 the nobility 貴族 the b

65、outgeoisie 資產(chǎn)階級 the old 老年人 the college students 大學(xué)生 the dead 死者 the unemployed 失業(yè)者 the deaf 聾人 the intellectuals 知識分子 the rich 富人 the railway worlers 鐵路工人 6. 定冠詞表示世界上獨一無二的事物 the sun 太陽 the moon 月亮 the earth 地球 the North Pole 北極 the universe 宇宙 the globe 全球，全世界 the world 世界 the atmo

66、sphere 大氣層 7. 定冠詞用于某些專有名詞前面 用定冠詞的專有名詞 例 詞 江河、海洋、海峽、 海灣、山脈、群島、 沙漠等名詞前 the Changjiang River 長江 the Thames 泰晤士河 the Nile 尼羅河 the Suez Canal 蘇伊士運河 the Pacific 太平洋 the Hudson River 哈得遜河 the India Ocean 印度洋 the Red Sea 紅海 the Dead Sea 死海 the Baltic 波羅的海 the Mediterranean Sea 地中海 the English Channel 英吉利海峽 the Taiwan straits 臺灣海峽 the Bay of Biscay 比斯開灣 the Persian Gulf 波斯灣 the Straits of Dover 多佛灣 the Gulf of Mexico 墨西哥灣 the Alps 阿爾卑斯山 the Himalayas 喜馬拉雅山脈 the Philippin