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,8BUnit2,狙擊中考,Presentperfecttense現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),構(gòu)成:用法一：,表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)這一時(shí)態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)是過(guò)去動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系,也就是強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在的影響和結(jié)果.,have/has+過(guò)去分詞,Adverbsoftime,before,bynow(sofar),once,twice…,just,recentlyyet(否/疑),already(肯),ever,never,allone’slife,in/duringthepast/last5years,,Exercises,1.I________(have)lunchalready.2._____thetrain_______(arrive),yet?3.Tome____never_______(be)toChina.4.Thetwin______just_____(see)myfather.5.Thetwins____(see)myfatherjustnow.☆6.Manytallbuildings___________(build)inthepast5years.,havehad,arrived,has,been,has,seen,saw,havebeenbuilt,,,,,,,Has,用法二：for+一段時(shí)間since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)since+句子（一般過(guò)去時(shí)）E.g.Katehaslivedherefor3years.Katehaslivedheresince3yearsago.KatehaslivedheresinceshecametoChina.,表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間開(kāi)始的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并可能還將持續(xù)下去。動(dòng)詞使用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。常與for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間連用,常見(jiàn)非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)變,arrive/come/gotodiebecomeaborrowleave/movebuyopenjoinstart/beginfinish/endcatchacoldgetupgettoknowgetoutclosewakeupgotosleepbecomeinterestedin,,,,,,,,,,,,bein,bedead,have,keep,beaway/beout,bea,bein/amemberof,beopen,beon,beover,haveacold,,beup,,know,,beout,,beclosed,,beawake,,beasleep/sleep,,beinterestedin,Exercises,Hisgrandfatherhasdied.(for2years)Thefootballmatchhasbegun.(since9:00a.m)Thetwinshavejoinedthearmy.(sincetheyare18yearsold)MyteacherhasjustleftNanjing.(for3days),Hisfatherhasbeendeadfor2years.,,,Thefootballmatchhasbeenonsince9:00a.m.,,Thetwinshavebeensoldiers/beeninthearmysincetheyare18yearsold.,MyteacherhasbeenawayfromNanjingfor3days,,,,,,have/hasgonetohave/hasbeentohave/hasbeenin,have/hasgoneto:已經(jīng)去了某地或人還在途中，人還沒(méi)有返回；have/hasbeento:曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來(lái)了,后面可接表示“次數(shù)”的狀語(yǔ);have/hasbeenin:表示某人“已在某地停留一段時(shí)間，現(xiàn)仍在那里”，其后常帶表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。,Exercises,Tom在哪兒？他去書(shū)店買書(shū)了。我在北京待了5年了。Jack去過(guò)上海兩次了,,-WhereisTom?-Hehasgonetothebookshoptobuysomebooks.,,IhavebeeninBeijingfor5years.,,JackhasbeentoShanghaitwice.,Correcting,1.Ihaveborrowedthebookfor3months.2.Mybotherhasjoinedthearmysincehewas18.3.JackandTomhavelivedheresince5years.4.ThefilmhasbeenonsinceIhavecometothecinema.5.WhenhasMr.Licaughtabadcold?,,havekept,hasbeenin/beenamemberofthearmy,,,since5yearsago/for5years,,came,,,did,catch,6.Tenyearshavepassedsincetheygotmarried.7.JimhasgonetoBeijingfor2years.8.Whattimehavethefactoryopened?9.IhavegonetoChunhuaMiddleSchooltwice,,has,,hasbeenin,,did,,open,,beento,