2019年高考英語 糾錯(cuò)筆記系列 專題08 并列連詞和狀語從句(含解析).doc
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專題08 并列連詞和狀語從句 易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)1 并列連詞之間的誤用 1. I’msorry,_________Iwontbeabletoetonight. A.for B.and C.but D.then 【錯(cuò)因分析】容易誤選 A。學(xué)生誤認(rèn)為空格后的句子是用以說明I’msorry的原因,便想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為要選for來表示原因。 【試題解析】Im sorry 后習(xí)慣上不接表示原因的連詞for,而接表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞but(也可省略 but),用以委婉地提出一個(gè)使對(duì)方不快的事實(shí)。又如: Oh, sorry, but shes out. 哦,不好意思,她出去了。 【參考答案】 C 2. In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, __________ Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks. 【錯(cuò)因分析】容易誤填or。有的學(xué)生沒有真正理解空格前后兩部分之間為并列關(guān)系,易誤填or。 【參考答案】and 3. They live in too big a house with too many rooms, or their house of life is a hut. (單句改錯(cuò)) 【錯(cuò)因分析】前后句之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,誤用了表示選擇的連詞or。 【試題解析】句意為:他們住在擁有太多房間的一所大房子里,然而他們精神生活的房子卻是一個(gè)小屋。前后句之間應(yīng)使用表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列連詞yet/but。 【參考答案】or改為yet/but 4. Neither you nor I don’t know the truth.(單句改錯(cuò)) 【錯(cuò)因分析】對(duì)“neither…nor…”的用法掌握不牢。 【參考答案】刪去don’t 常見的并列連詞 1. and和or ◆and的用法如下: (1) 表示另加:其意為“和”“又”“而且”。如: ?Let me have some toasts and a cup of coffee. 給我來幾片烤面包和一杯咖啡。 (2) 表示結(jié)果:意為“因此”,與so的用法比較接近。如: ?He fell heavily and broke his arm. 他摔得很重,手臂都摔斷了。 (3) 表示條件:相當(dāng)于if…then,含有“如果……那么……”的意味。如: ?Do that again and I’ll call a policeman. 你再這樣做我就要叫警察了。 (4) 表示連續(xù):既可表示一種連續(xù)不斷的狀態(tài),也可以表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作完成之后連續(xù)做另一個(gè)動(dòng)作。如: ?The train ran faster and faster. 火車開得越來越快。 ?He finished lunch and went shopping. 他吃完午飯而后去買東西。 (5) 表示對(duì)比:含有“盡管……還”的意味。如: ?Tom’s 15 and still sucks his thumb. 湯姆15歲了,還嘬大拇指。 ◆并列連詞or要比and用法簡(jiǎn)單此,它主要表示選擇,其意為“或”“還是”等。如: ?It’s a lovely baby. Is it a boy or a girl? 寶寶真可愛,是男孩還是女孩? ?He speaks French, or perhaps he understands it. 他會(huì)講法語,或者他懂法語。 另外,or還可以表示一種否定的條件,相當(dāng)于if…not…如: ◆Be careful, or you’ll break that vase! 小心,否則你會(huì)把那花瓶打碎。 =If you don’t be careful, you’ll break that vase. 2. 表對(duì)比或轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞主要有but和yet (1) but的用法:其意為“但”“但是”“卻”。如: ?He looked around but could see nobody. 他向四周望望,卻沒看見什么人。 ?I know of the town but I’ve never been there. 我知道有這座城市,但從未去過。 (2) yet的用法:其意也表示“但是”“卻”,與but用法相似,有時(shí)可換。如: ?It is strange yet true. 這很奇怪,卻是真實(shí)的。 ?I have failed, yet I shall try again. 我失敗了,但我還要嘗試。 3. 表因果關(guān)系連詞主要有for和so (1) for的用法:表示原因,意為“因?yàn)椤薄坝捎凇?。如? ?The days were short, for it was now December. 白天很短,因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是12月。 注意: for表示原因時(shí),它引出的句子不能放在句首,如不能說: For it was now December, the days were short. (2) so的用法:表示結(jié)果,意為“所以”“因此”。如: ?It’s very cold, so wear a heavy coat. 外邊很冷,因此穿一件厚大衣吧。 注意: 漢語可以說“因?yàn)椤浴保⒄Z中表示結(jié)果的so不能與 表示原因的because連用,如不能說: Because it’s very cold, so wear a heavy coat. 4. 其他并列連詞 除上面提到的并列連詞外,還有both…and, either…or, neither...nor, not only...but also等并列連詞。如: (1) both…and的用法:意思是“不僅……而且”“……和……”。如: ?He speaks both English and French. 他既說英語也說法語。 ?Both brother and sister are college students. 兄妹倆都是大學(xué)生。 (2) either…or的用法:意思是“要么……要么”“……或是……”。如: ?We can have either fish or beef. 我們可以吃魚或是牛肉。 ?We can either fly there or go by train. 我們可以坐飛機(jī)去也可坐火車去。 (3) neither...nor的用法:意思是“既不……也不”。如: ?He neither drinks nor smokes. 他既不喝酒,也不抽煙。 ?She felt neither frightened nor sorry. 她既不感到害怕也不感到遺憾。 (4) not only...but also的用法:意思是“不僅……而且”。如: ?Not only men but also women were chosen. 不僅僅是男的,女的也有被選中的。 1.(2018新課標(biāo)I卷短文改錯(cuò))At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return every two years, but he agreed. 2. Don’t turn off the puter befor closing all programs, __________ you could have problems.(單句語法填空) 【解析】句意:在關(guān)閉所有程序之前不要關(guān)閉電腦,否則你會(huì)遇到麻煩。or表示“否則”。 【答案】 or 【名師點(diǎn)睛】 “祈使句+and/or+陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu) (1)祈使句+ and(then,and then)+陳述句 在這個(gè)句型中,前邊祈使句+ and(and then)相當(dāng)于if引導(dǎo)的條件句。如: ?e early,and you’ll catch the first bus. =If you e early,you’ll catch the first bus.來早點(diǎn),你就能趕上第一班汽車。 ?Use your head,then you’ll find a way.開動(dòng)腦筋,那么你就會(huì)找到辦法。 ?One more word,and Ill get angry with you.如果你再說一句話,我就生你的氣了。 ?Another week,and the railway station will be pleted.再有一周,火車站就完工了。 (2)祈使句+(or,or else,otherwise)+陳述句 在這個(gè)句型中,前邊祈使句+(or,or else,otherwise)相當(dāng)于unless引導(dǎo)的條件句。如: ?Work hard,otherwise,you’ll fail. = Unless you work hard,you’ll fail.努力干,要不,你會(huì)失敗的。 ?Use your head,or else you won’t find a way.= Unless you use your head, you won’t find a way. 開動(dòng)腦筋,否則,你就找不到辦法。 巧選and, or:選擇連接詞,只看陳述句,and叫人心歡暢,or的后果不好嘗 3. It is downtown, but it is easy to go anywhere from the hotel by public transport. (單句改錯(cuò)) 【解析】句意:這里是市中心,所以從酒店乘公交去任何地方都很方便。前后分句為因果關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞so。 【答案】but改為so 【名師點(diǎn)睛】 so用作并列連詞時(shí)主要表示結(jié)果,意為“因此”“所以”。如: ?I was tired, so I went to bed earlier.我累了所以早點(diǎn)睡了。 ?He took my shoes, so I couldn’t leave the house.他把鞋拿走了,我出不了門。 ?It was very cold, so we had to wear warm clothes.天氣很冷,所以我們得穿暖和的衣服。 按英語習(xí)慣,表示結(jié)果的so不能與表示原因的because套用,在使用時(shí)只能保留其中的一個(gè)。如: 那是一個(gè)難題,所以我最后才回答。 誤:Because that was a difficult question, so I answered it last. 正:That was a difficult question, so I answered it last. 正:Because that was a difficult question, I answered it last. 易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)2 but與although/though的混用 1. Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area. (單句改錯(cuò)) 【錯(cuò)因分析】受漢語思維的影響認(rèn)為“雖然……但是”可以連用,故發(fā)現(xiàn)不了錯(cuò)誤。 【試題解析】從屬連詞Though(雖然)不可與并列連詞but(但是)一起使用,故應(yīng)去掉but。 【參考答案】去掉but 2. Although he had only entered the contest for fun, _____ he won first prize. A. but B. and C. even D. 不填 【錯(cuò)因分析】容易誤選 A,將漢語的“雖然……但是……”直譯為 although … but… 【參考答案】 D 漢語中可說“雖然……但是……”,但按英語習(xí)慣,通常不能說although…but或though…but: 雖然很危險(xiǎn),但我要試試。 誤:Although it is dangerous, but I will try. 正:Although it is dangerous, I will try. / It is dangerous, but I will try. 不能將漢語的“雖然……但是……”直譯為(al)though…but…,這是因?yàn)?al)though為從屬連詞,用于引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句;而but在表示“但是”時(shí),它是并列連詞,用以連接兩個(gè)句子使之成為并列句。由于在同一句中既用了從屬連詞(al)though,又用了并列連詞but,使得句子一半像復(fù)合句,一半像并列句,從而導(dǎo)致錯(cuò)誤。正確的做法是,任意去掉(al)though和but中的一個(gè),使之要么成為復(fù)合句,要么成為并列句。 Though the boy came back to life, ______ he was still weak. A.but B.yet C.however D.so 【答案】B 易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)3 時(shí)間、條件狀語從句中引導(dǎo)詞的誤用 1. With speech develops, the child starts to tie more words together.(單句改錯(cuò)) 【錯(cuò)因分析】對(duì)as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的用法掌握不。 【試題解析】句意:隨著語言能力不斷發(fā)展,這個(gè)孩子開始把更多的詞連起來說。前后兩句表示兩個(gè)發(fā)展變化中的情況,表示在某事發(fā)生的過程中另一事也發(fā)生,as“一邊……一邊……;隨著”,故應(yīng)用As。with只是個(gè)介詞,只能跟名詞、代詞在一起。 【參考答案】With 改為As 2. —I’m going to the post office. —_______ you’re there, can you get me some stamps? A. As B. While C. Because D. If 【錯(cuò)因分析】容易誤選A。 【參考答案】B 3. He was about to tell me the secret ______ someone patted him on the shoulder. A. as B. until C. when D. while 【錯(cuò)因分析】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。 【試題解析】when意為“這時(shí)(突然)”,主要用于某一動(dòng)作突然發(fā)生于另一動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行或剛要發(fā)生之時(shí)。 【參考答案】C 4. John thinks it wont be long ________ he is ready for his new job. A. when B. since C. after D. before 【錯(cuò)因分析】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。 【試題解析】此句是由before 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句,構(gòu)成“It won’t be+時(shí)間段+狀語從句”,如果主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是否定式時(shí),意思是“沒過多久就……”。 【參考答案】D 5. Don’t be afraid of asking for help ________ it is needed. A. unless B. since C. although D. when 【錯(cuò)因分析】幾個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)均有可能誤選。 【試題解析】根據(jù)句意,此句是由when引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句, when相當(dāng)于if。句意是:如果需要,就不要害怕幫助。所以選D。 【參考答案】D 一、時(shí)間狀語從句的用法歸納 1. 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的從屬連詞很多,常見的有before, after, when, while, as, since, till, until, as soon as 等。 2. 表示“當(dāng)…時(shí)候”的 while, when, as 的用法區(qū)別是:while從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞;表示 帶有規(guī)律性的“每當(dāng)”或當(dāng)主、從句謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生有先后時(shí),只能用 when;當(dāng)表示“一邊……一 邊……”或“隨著”時(shí),只能用 as。另外,用于此義的 as 所引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句謂語只能是動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞, 不能是狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞。 3. until 在肯定句中通常只連用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,表示相應(yīng)動(dòng)作結(jié)束的時(shí)間;在否定句中通常連用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞, 表示相應(yīng)動(dòng)作開始的時(shí)間,意為“直到……才……”。如: ?If you must go, at least wait till the rain stops. 如果你堅(jiān)持要走, 至少也要等雨停了再走。 ?The letter passed from one to another until everyone had read it. 那封信逐一傳閱,直到每個(gè)人都看過為止。 4. 表示“一…就”除用 as soon as 外,還可用 the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, no sooner…than, hardly…when 等。如: ?I came immediately you called. 你一來電話我就來了。 ?Hardly had I opened the door when he told me. 我剛開開門,他就告訴了我。 ?The moment I have finished Ill give you a call. 我一干完就給你打電話。 5. every time, each time, (the) next time, (the) last time, by the time, the first time, any time 等以 time 結(jié)尾的詞 語也可用作連詞,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。如: ?Last time I saw him, he looked ill. 上次我見到他時(shí),他好像有病。 ?Every time I call on him, he is out. 我每次去訪問他,他都不在。 ?You can call me any time you want to. 你隨時(shí)都可以給我打電話。 ?Next time you’re in London e and visit us. 你下次來倫敦過來探望我們。 注:其中的every time, each time, any time前不用冠詞,(the) next time, (the) last time中的冠詞可以省略,而the first time中的冠詞通常不能省略。 6. before和since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句: ◆before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的句型有: it was not…before… 沒過多久就…… it will be…before…過了多久才…… ◆since意為“自從……”,可構(gòu)成: It is/was+一段時(shí)間+since… since與終止性動(dòng)詞連用,表示“自……以來已有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”; since與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用,表示“自從不做某事有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了”。從句中常用過去時(shí),主句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 二、 條件狀語的用法歸納 1. if 表示正面的條件, 意為“如果”; unless (=if not) 表示負(fù)面的條件, 意為“除非, 如果不”。如: ?If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你請(qǐng)求他, 他會(huì)幫助你。 ?If you had e a few minutes earlier, you would have met him. 要是你早來幾分鐘就碰到他了。 ?He is sure to e unless he has some urgent business. 他一定會(huì)來, 除非他有急事。 2. in case, on condition that, providing, provided (that), supposing, suppose (that)等詞匯意思相近, 指“假如, 假使, 在……條件下”(比if更為書面化)。如: ?In case he es, let me know. 如果他來的話, 告訴我一聲。 ?I shall give you my dictionary on condition that you return it tomorrow. 我將把我的字典給你, 如果你明天要還的話。 ?I will go, providing/provided (that) my expenses are paid. 只要我的費(fèi)用有人付, 我就去。 ?Suppose/Supposing (that) he does not e, what shall we do? 他要是不來, 我們?cè)撛趺崔k? 3. as long as (=so long as) 表示充分必要條件, 引導(dǎo)語氣強(qiáng)烈的條件狀語從句時(shí), 意為“只要”。如: ?I will cooperate as long as I am notified on time. 只要及時(shí)告訴我, 我就會(huì)合作。 ?You may use the book so long as you will return it on time. 只要你準(zhǔn)時(shí)還, 你就可以借這本書。 1. The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long time _______ we meet them again. A. after B. before C. since D. when 【答案】B 2. It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life________ we’ve actually had that lesson. A. until B. after C. since D. when 【名師點(diǎn)睛】 until的用法歸納: unitl 詞性 釋義 例句 備注 介詞 (表示動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)的繼續(xù))……為止,在……之前 I waited until three o’clock. 我一直等到三點(diǎn)鐘。 until與表示延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞連用,表示動(dòng)作及狀態(tài)繼續(xù)到某一時(shí)刻 (用于否定句)到……為止,直到……才 The noise didn’t stop until midnight.噪音一直到午夜才停止。 連詞 (表示動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)的繼續(xù))直到(另一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)出現(xiàn))之前 He lived with his parents until he got married. 他與父母住在一起直到結(jié)婚為止。 (用于否定句)直到,直到……才 The children won’t e home until it is dark. 孩子們不到天黑不回家。 使用注意事項(xiàng): ◇注意事項(xiàng)一 until用于肯定句中,表示主句的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生或狀態(tài)出現(xiàn)時(shí)為止。一般可譯為“……直到……為止”。在這種用法中,主句的謂語動(dòng)詞必須是持續(xù)動(dòng)詞(非瞬間動(dòng)詞),如live, wait , last, love, like, stay, work, continue 等。 until用于否定句中,表示主句的動(dòng)作在從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生之前尚未發(fā)生,或者說主句的動(dòng)作在從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生之后才開始。一般可譯為“直到……才”。 ◇注意事項(xiàng)二 until后面的從句中不能用一般將來時(shí),應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替。所謂的“主將從現(xiàn)”。 ? He will stay here until his mother es back. They will study at the school until their parents e to take them home. ◇注意事項(xiàng)三 till和until的意思基本相同,用法也基本一樣,但until語氣較重,多用于較正式的文體里。 till多用于英式英語, until多用于美式英語; till不能用在句首,也不能用在not開頭的短語或從句里,而until可以。在這種情況下應(yīng)用倒裝語序。 ? Until he came home, we knew the news. 在他到家之前,我們不知道這消息。 ? Not until nine o’clock yesterday evening did we finish the work. 直到昨晚九點(diǎn),我們才完成這項(xiàng)工作。 3. _____the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover. A. Until B. Unless C. Once D. Although 【答案】C 易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)4 原因、目的、結(jié)果、讓步狀語從句中引導(dǎo)詞的誤用 1. Tired ________ he was, he continued his work. 【錯(cuò)因分析】沒有掌握as/though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的用法。 【試題解析】句意:雖然他很累,但他繼續(xù)工作。as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句放在主句之前,從句中的表語、狀語或謂語部分的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形需提前置于句首;though也可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,句子可倒裝也可不倒裝。 【參考答案】 as/though 2. So that we might see the sunrise, we started for the peak early. (單句改錯(cuò)) 【錯(cuò)因分析】誤將so that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句放于句首。 【試題解析】句意:為了能看到日出,我們很早就向山頂出發(fā)。由句意可知,從句為目的狀語從句,但so that 引導(dǎo)的從句不能置于句首,一般只能置于主句之后,故應(yīng)用in order that。 【參考答案】So that改為In order that 一、讓步狀語從句的用法 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的連詞主要有以下這些:though, although,while, as; even if, even though; whether...or...; no matter+疑問詞,疑問詞-ever, regardless of+名詞/名詞短語/名詞從句,despite,in spite of。 (1)though, although表示“雖然,縱然”之意。 這兩個(gè)連詞意思大致相同,在一般情況下可以互換使用。在口語中,though較常使用,although比though正式,二者都可與yet, still或never,the less連用,但不能與but連用。 (2)as, though表示“雖然……但是”,“縱使……”之意。 as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句必須以部分倒裝的形式出現(xiàn),被倒裝的部分可以是表語、狀語或動(dòng)詞原形,though也可用于這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)中,但although不可以這樣用。 如: ?Object as you may, I’ll go.(=Though/Although you may object, I’ll go.) 縱使你反對(duì),我也要去。 (3)even if, even though 表示“即使……”,“縱使……”之意,含有一種假設(shè)。 這兩個(gè)復(fù)合連詞的意思基本相同。它們?;Q使用,但意義有細(xì)微差別。even if引導(dǎo)的讓步從句含有強(qiáng)烈的假定性,可用來表示與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè),但不能用來描述已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事實(shí)。而even though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí),是以從句的內(nèi)容為先決條件的,即說話人肯定了從句的事實(shí),表示已經(jīng)發(fā)生了的事。 如: ?We’ll make a trip even if/though the weather is bad. 即使天氣不好,我們也要作一次旅行。 (4)whether...or...表示“不論是否……”,“不管是……還是……”之意。 由這一個(gè)復(fù)合連詞引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句旨在說明正反兩方面的可能性都不會(huì)影響主句的意向或結(jié)果。 如: ?Youll have to attend the ceremony whether youre free or busy. 不管你忙不忙,都要參加這個(gè)典禮。 ?Whether you believe it or not, its true.無論你是否相信,這都是真的。 (5)“no matter+疑問詞”或“疑問詞-ever”的含義為“……都……;不管……都……” 它們引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句可以互換。 如: ?No matter what happened, he would not mind. (=Whatever happened, he would not mind.) 無論發(fā)生了什么,他都不會(huì)介意的。 ?No matter who you are, you must keep the law.(=Whoever you are, you must keep the law. 不管你是誰,你都要遵紀(jì)守法。 但“no matter+疑問詞”結(jié)構(gòu)只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,而“疑問詞-ever”還可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。如: ?Whatever(=No matter what) you say, I won’t believe you. (Whatever 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句) 無論你說什么,我都不會(huì)相信你。 ?Ill eat whatever (≠no matter what) you give me. (whatever引導(dǎo)賓語從句)你給我吃什么,我就吃什么。 ?Whoever es will be wele. (Whoever 引導(dǎo)主語從句) 不管誰來都受到歡迎。 此外,有時(shí)while也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,但一般要位于句首。如: ?While I like the colour, I dont like the shape.我雖然喜歡那顏色,但不喜歡那形狀。 二、原因狀語從句的用法 1. 引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有because, as, since, now that等; 2. as 與since, now that 一樣表示雙方都知道的原因,通常位于主句前,且均不可用于強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)被強(qiáng)調(diào)。 3. 當(dāng)表示直接的因果關(guān)系,回答why時(shí),或有only, just, all not ,but等修飾時(shí),或用在強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中都只能用 because。 三、目的狀語從句的用法 引目的狀語從句的從屬連詞有so(以便), that(以便), so that(以便,為了), in order that (為了,以便);in case(以防,以免), lest(免得,以防), for fear that(以免,惟恐)等。從句中一般含有can, could, may, might, will, would等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。如: ?Bring it closer so (that) I can see it better. 拿近一點(diǎn)以便我看得更清楚。 ?Let’s take the front seats that we may see more clearly. 咱們坐前排,以便看得清楚點(diǎn)。 ?I left at 6:00 so that/in order that I could catch the train. 為了趕上火車,我六點(diǎn)就出門了。 ?I shall write down your telephone number that I may not forget. 我要把你的電話號(hào)碼寫下,以免忘了。 ?Take the raincoat in case it rains. 帶著雨衣,以防下雨。 ?Be careful lest you fall from that tree. 要當(dāng)心, 以免從樹上摔下來。 ?He walked fast for fear that he should be late. 他走得很快,以免遲到。 注:當(dāng)從句主語與主句主語相同時(shí),可用不定式來表達(dá)相同的意思。如: 譯:為了通過考試,他學(xué)習(xí)非常努力。 正:He studies very hard so that(=in order that) he can pass the exam. 正:He studies very hard so as to (=in order to) pass the exam. 1. _________the students came from different countries, they got along quite well in the summer camp. A. While B. Unless C. Since D. Until 【答案】A 2. Cathy had quit her job when her son was born _______ she could stay home and raise her family. A. now that B. as if C. only if D. so that 【分析】考查連詞。A.now that既然;B.as if好像;C.only if只要;D.so that以便。這里是so that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句。句意:當(dāng)Cathy的兒子出生的時(shí)候,她就放棄了自己的工作,以便呆在家里照顧家人。根據(jù)句意故選D。 【答案】D ◆ 區(qū)分while引導(dǎo)的并列句與狀語從句 while 引導(dǎo)并列句時(shí),表示前后句之間的對(duì)比,意為“然而”。 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語時(shí),表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)” 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,表示“雖然,盡管” ?He went out for a walk, while I stayed at home. 他出去散步了,而我卻呆在家里。 ?I like singing while she likes dancing. 我喜歡唱歌,而她喜歡跳舞。 ?While I was watching TV, the bell rang. 我看電視時(shí),鈴響了。 ?While it was late, he went on working. 雖然很晚了,但他還在繼續(xù)工作。 ◆as/when/while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語的區(qū)別 as 著重強(qiáng)調(diào)主句與從句的動(dòng)作或事情同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生,as從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞既可是持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,也可是短暫性動(dòng)詞。 when既可以表示在某一點(diǎn)的時(shí)候,又可以表示在某一段時(shí)間內(nèi),主語與從句的動(dòng)作或事情可以同時(shí)發(fā)生也可以先后發(fā)生。 while“當(dāng)……時(shí);在……期間”,從句中動(dòng)詞一般要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,并且while強(qiáng)調(diào)主句所表示的動(dòng)作持續(xù)與從句所指的整個(gè)時(shí)間內(nèi)。 ◆so…that, such…that…引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句 so…that…“如此……以至于……”,引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句,常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu): 形容詞/副詞 so many/few+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) +that從句 much/little+不可數(shù)名詞 形容詞+a(n)+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù) such…that…“如此……以至于……”,引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句,常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu): 形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) such 形容詞+不可數(shù)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) +that從句 a(n)+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù) 注意: little意為“少”時(shí),構(gòu)成so little; 意為“小”時(shí),構(gòu)成such little。 ?Such a little boy has so little difficulty in working out this problem that I admire him very much. 這樣小的一個(gè)男孩解這道題所遇到的困難是如此之少,以至于我很佩服他。 ◆where引導(dǎo)定語從句與狀語從句的區(qū)別 1. where引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí), where是關(guān)系副詞,在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,其前面有表示地點(diǎn)的先行詞, where引導(dǎo)的 從句修飾先行詞。如: ?The bookshop where I bought this book is not far from here. 我買這本書的那個(gè)書店離這里不遠(yuǎn)。 ?This is the house where I lived two years ago. 這就是我兩年前住的那個(gè)房子。 ?We will start at the point where we left off. 我們將從上次停下來的地方開始。 2. where引導(dǎo)狀語從句時(shí), where是從屬連詞, where引導(dǎo)的從句修飾主句的謂語動(dòng)詞, where前面沒有表示地 點(diǎn)的先行詞。如: ?Wuhan lies where the Changjiang River and the Han Jiang River meet. 武漢位于長(zhǎng)江和漢江匯合處。 1.【2018北京卷單項(xiàng)填空】_________ we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone. A. Although B. While C. If D. Until 【答案】C 2.【2018江蘇卷單項(xiàng)填空】 _______ youcansleepwell,youwilllosetheabilitytofocus,planandstay motivatedafter one ortwonights. A. Once B. Unless C. If D. When 【答案】B 【解析】考查連詞詞義辨析及語境理解。句意:除非你睡得好,否則一兩個(gè)晚上之后,你會(huì)失去專注、計(jì)劃和保持動(dòng)力的能力。A. Once一旦;B. Unless除非;C. If如果;D. When當(dāng)……時(shí)候。故選B。 點(diǎn)睛:本題考查連詞辨析。解題時(shí)要區(qū)分清選擇項(xiàng)的含義與區(qū)別,再聯(lián)系句意進(jìn)行判斷,從而選出正確答案。 3. 【2017北京卷單項(xiàng)填空】 ________ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes. A. Once B. If C. Although D. Because 【答案】C 【解析】考查狀語從句。 前后兩句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故選C。句意:雖然鳥兒用它們的羽毛來飛行, 但是有些羽毛也可用作其他用途。 4. 【2017北京卷單項(xiàng)填空】 If you dont understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people ________ you figure it out. A. because B. though C. until D. since 【答案】C 【解析】考查狀語從句。 根據(jù)句意可知用until,表示“直到”。句意:如果你遇到不明白的東西,可以研究、學(xué)習(xí)、與人交流,直到你弄清楚。 5. 【2017江蘇卷單項(xiàng)填空】Located ________ the Belt meets the Road,Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction. A. why B. when C. which D. where 【答案】D 6. Bring the flowers into a warm room ________ they’ll soon open. A.or B.a(chǎn)nd C.but D.for 【答案】B 【解析】本句為“祈使句+and/or+陳述句”句型。根據(jù)題意,應(yīng)為順承關(guān)系。故選B項(xiàng)。 7. John plays basketball well,________ his favorite sport is badminton. A.so B.or C.yet D.for 【答案】C 【解析】句意:約翰籃球打得很好,然而他最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)是打羽毛球。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞只有yet。 8. ________ the fire breaks out,he is the first to arrive at the scene. A.Every time when B.Moment C.No matter whenever D.Every time 【答案】D 【解析】句意為:每一次發(fā)生火災(zāi),他總是第一個(gè)到達(dá)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。every time用作連詞,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。 9. They will not start the work _______ their teacher es back. A. while B. until C. as soon as D. if 【答案】B 【解析】本題考查連詞的使用。本題的含義為直到他們的老師回來,他們才開始工作。本題中的not…until表示“直到……才……”的含義,與題意相符,而while當(dāng)……時(shí)候,as soon as一……就……,if如果。 10. —Tony, don’t stay up too late, _______ you’ll feel sleepy in class. —I won’t, Mom. Good night. A. but B. or C. though D. because 【答案】B 【解析】句意:Tony不要熬夜太晚,否則你上課時(shí)會(huì)困。A. but 但是; B. or否則; C. though 雖然。D. because 因?yàn)椤?故選B。 11. —What do you think of a good friend? —Friends are like books—you don’t need a lot of them _________ they’re good. A. as long as B. as soon as C. as well as D. as large as 【答案】A 12. ______ it is raining hard, they are still working in the field. A. Because B. As soon as C. Though D. Unless 【答案】C 【解析】句意:盡管雨下得很大,但是他們?nèi)匀辉谔锏乩锔苫?。Because因?yàn)椋?As soon as一……就;Though雖然,though與but 不能在一個(gè)句子中同時(shí)出現(xiàn);Unless除非。所以選C。 13. She cared more about her students than her own health. That’s why two years passed _____ she was treated for breast cancer. A. since B. before C. after D. until 【答案】B 【解析】句意:她關(guān)心自己的學(xué)生要超過關(guān)心自己的身體健康,這就是為什么兩年后她被診斷為乳腺癌。考查狀語從句。此處表達(dá)“在她接受乳腺癌治療之前過去了兩年” 。也就是“兩年過后她……” 是before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。 14. It is well-known that atmosphere gets thinner and thinner _________ the height increases. A. while B. when C. as D. with 【答案】C 15. I don’t want to talk to you _________ you’re so annoyed and impatient. A. when B. unless C. though D. till 【答案】A 【解析】句意:既然你這么生氣,不耐煩,我不想和你說話了。when引導(dǎo)狀語從句有時(shí)可以表示理由,意為- 1.請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀文檔,確保文檔完整性,對(duì)于不預(yù)覽、不比對(duì)內(nèi)容而直接下載帶來的問題本站不予受理。
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