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寒假訓(xùn)練08 Unit 3 A healthy life 一、單詞拼寫 1.More and more people cannot bear the s of modern life. 2.After the accident,he was （禁止）from driving alone. 3.He q smoking,and talked something to the person next to him. 4.This heating system has an （自動(dòng)的）temperature control. 5.I am a （使習(xí)慣于）to taking a walk after supper. 6.He has been brought in to （加強(qiáng)）the defence. 7.At one time,she is fine,but at another,she is a （異常的）. 8.As for you,you ought to be （慚愧的）of yourself. 9.They think this is an a （濫用）of power. 10.In the long run,working regularly has a good （效力）on our health. 二、完成句子 1.人們?cè)谙奶煜朐缭缙鸫病? People______________________ in summer. 2.下次你到上海來(lái)，我要帶你四處走走。 Next time_____________________,I’ll show you around. 3.含酒精的飲料可能對(duì)你的身體有不好的影響。 Alcoholic drinks can _________________________ your body. 4.他從童年以來(lái)就習(xí)慣了大山里的生活。 He _________________________ in the mountains since his childhood. 5.這男孩迷上了電腦游戲。 The boy___________________ computer games. 三、單項(xiàng)選擇 16.It has exposed that some government leaders their authorities and privileges to get profits for themselves. A.employ B.exploit C.abuse D.absorb 17.After the deadly stampede（踩踏）in Shanghai，we can’t the importance of safety in public places too much,particularly during holidays. A.stress B.press C.impress D. possess 18. It may well be the ability to use languages that distinguishes humans,setting them __________ other animals. A.along with B.rather than C.due to D.apart from 19.Justice Department investigators say they will be a broader investigation into the practices of the police department. A.accustomed to B.taking up C.committing to D.embarking on 20. Scientists are convinced the positive effect of laughter physical and mental health. A.of;at B.of;on C.by;in D.on;at 21. —Do you feel like there or shall we take a bus？ —I’d like to walk.But since there isn’t much time left，I’d rather we a taxi. A.walking;hired B.walking;hire C.to walk;hired D.to walk;hire 22. If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may easily get . A. ashamed B. annoyed C. confused D. embarrassed 23.We have made clear that we are strongly against smoking in the office. A.this B.that C.it D.one 24.As we all know,is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match. A.this B.that C.there D.it 25. This nationwide smog should serve as a reminder to all,indicating a high time that we________on what we’ve done to the environment. A.have reflected B.are reflecting C.will reflect D.reflected 四、語(yǔ)法填空 【2018年高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ】According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years __26___(long) than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long __27__(see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke,be overweight and still reduce your risk of ___28___ (die) early by running. While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it ___29___ (be) more effective at lengthening life___30___ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014___31___showed a mere five to 10 minutes A day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all ___32___(cause). The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain,you can run on soft surfaces,do exercises to___33___(strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap,easy and it’s always___34___(energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give___35___a try. 五、短文改錯(cuò) 【湖南省岳陽(yáng)市第一中學(xué)2019屆高三上學(xué)期第二次質(zhì)檢】I’ve been playing volleyball before three years ago. It started when teacher set up a volleyball club in our school, hope that more students would take part in the sport and keep fit. The club was very popular that many students signed up for it. To be honesty, at that time I just followed them without thinking too much. We practiced together on every Saturday morning. However, some of the students soon begin to get bored and dropped out of the club. So I found I was quite enjoying it and we carried on. After training for some time, I was selected for the school team. How exciting and proud I was. 五、書面表達(dá) 【湖南省邵陽(yáng)市2017屆高三第二次大聯(lián)考】假定你是李華，你班上最近轉(zhuǎn)來(lái)一位身材肥胖的新生，很多同學(xué)都嘲笑他。這讓你感到非常氣憤，但又無(wú)計(jì)可施。就此請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)寫封郵件給你的網(wǎng)友Tom求助，內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)包括： 1.簡(jiǎn)略介紹該情況； 2.表達(dá)你對(duì)該事的看法； 3.征求Tom的建議。 注意： 1.詞數(shù)100左右； 2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫； 3.開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計(jì)人總詞數(shù)。 Dear Tom, How are you going? I miss you very much. __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua  寒假訓(xùn)練08 Unit 3 A healthy life 一、單詞拼寫 【答案】 1.stress 2.banned 3.quit 4.automatic 5.accustomed 6.strengthen 7.abnormal 8.ashamed 9.abuse 10.effect 二、完成句子 【答案】 11. feel like getting up early 12. you come to Shanghai 13. have a bad effect on 14. has been accustomed to the life 15. is addicted to 三、單項(xiàng)選擇 16.【答案】C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。語(yǔ)境表示“一些政府領(lǐng)導(dǎo)濫用他們的職權(quán)和特權(quán)為他們自己謀取利益”，故用abuse“濫用”。employ“雇傭”；exploit “開(kāi)發(fā)”；absorb“吸收”。 17.【答案】A 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。stress強(qiáng)調(diào)；press壓，按；impress給某人留下深刻印象；possess擁有。stress the importance of強(qiáng)調(diào)...的重要性。 18.【答案】D 【解析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。along with 和...一道；rather than而不是；due to因?yàn)椋籥part from除...之外（還有...）。句意：使用語(yǔ)言的能力將人們和動(dòng)物區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)。set A apart from B意為“使A與B區(qū)別開(kāi)”。故結(jié)合句意，D選項(xiàng)切題。 19.【答案】D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意“司法部調(diào)查人員說(shuō)他們將開(kāi)始（embark on著手，開(kāi)始做某事）對(duì)警察部門的做法進(jìn)行廣泛的調(diào)查?！笨芍狣項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境之意。be accustomed to習(xí)慣于；takeup占用，開(kāi)始從事（以前從未做過(guò)的事）；commit to 把...送交，對(duì)...作出承諾。故選D。 20.【答案】B 【解析】考查介詞。be convinced of sth.指“對(duì)某事確信”；effect on sth.表示“對(duì)于...的影響”，用介詞on。句意：科學(xué)家們堅(jiān)信笑對(duì)身心健康有積極影響。故選B。 21.【答案】A 【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：你想步行去那兒，還是我們乘公交車去？——我想步行。但是既然沒(méi)有多少時(shí)間了，我們就租一輛出租車吧。上文中l(wèi)ike用作介詞，后面接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。feel like doing sth.想要做某事（現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的愿望）。下文中would rather后面接從句時(shí)，從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故選A。 22.【答案】C 【解析】考查形容詞辨析。ashamed羞愧的；annoyed煩惱的；confused困惑的；embarrassed尷尬的。句意：如果你一次試圖學(xué)太多的東西，你也許容易變得困感。故選C。 23. 【答案】C 【解析】考查it的用法。句意：我們已經(jīng)明確表示強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)在辦公室吸煙。it作形式賓語(yǔ)，“that we are strongly against smoking in the office”為真正的賓語(yǔ)。 24.【答案】D 【解析】考查it的用法。句中it作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是不定式短語(yǔ)“to keep order in an important football match”，不定式短語(yǔ)的邏輯主語(yǔ)是the police。 25.【答案】D 【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：全球范圍的霧霾應(yīng)該對(duì)所有的人是個(gè)提醒，表明是我們?cè)摲此嘉覀儗?duì)環(huán)境做了什么的時(shí)候了?！癐t’s high time that從句”為固定句式，意為“到了做某事的時(shí)間了”，that從句中用一般過(guò)去式或（should）do。故選D。 四、語(yǔ)法填空 【答案】 26.longer 27. to see 28.dying 29. is 30.than 31.that \which 32.causes 33. strength 34.energetic 35.it \running 【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了跑步的好處，它可以幫助人們延年益壽。 26. 考查副詞的比較級(jí)。醫(yī)學(xué)報(bào)告顯示：經(jīng)常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活3年。根據(jù)than可知用比較級(jí)，故填longer。 27. 考查不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。你不必跑太快或跑太久就能看到它的好處。此處不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，故填to see。 28. 考查動(dòng)名詞。你也許喝酒、吸煙或超重，但仍然可以通過(guò)跑步會(huì)減少早亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。此處of是介詞，其后用動(dòng)名詞。故填dying。 29. 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。醫(yī)學(xué)報(bào)告顯示：跑步比散步、騎車和游泳更能有效地延長(zhǎng)壽命。這里敘述的是一個(gè)事實(shí)，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填is。 30. 考查比較句型。跑步比散步、騎車和游泳更能有效地延長(zhǎng)壽命。根據(jù)文章中的more effective可知此處填than。 31. 考查定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞。此處a study是先行詞，其在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，故填that或which。 32. 考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。一項(xiàng)研究表明，僅僅每天5到10分鐘的跑步，就能減少各種原因的心臟病和早亡。根據(jù)句意用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填causes。 33. 考查詞形變化。鍛煉以增強(qiáng)你腿部肌肉。此處to是不定式符合，其后用動(dòng)詞原形。故填strengthen。 34. 考查詞形變化。跑步總是讓人充滿活力的。根據(jù)it’s可知，系動(dòng)詞后用形容詞作表語(yǔ)。故填energetic。 35. 考查代詞或名詞的用法。我們都應(yīng)該試試跑步。此處give it a try意為：試試。此處it指代running。故填it或running。 點(diǎn)睛：本文比較難的一個(gè)題是35題。短語(yǔ)give it a try不容易想出來(lái)。give a try試試。give sb. sth.； give sth. to sb.這些短語(yǔ)學(xué)生都很清楚。但give后加it或sth.的形式，比較少見(jiàn)。高考復(fù)習(xí)要盡可能多的復(fù)習(xí)相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)，尤其是用的比較多，而課本中出現(xiàn)較少的短語(yǔ)。 五、短文改錯(cuò) 【答案】 36. before 改為 since 37. teacher 前加 a 38. hope 改為 hoping 39. very 改為 so 40. honesty 改為 honest 41. on 去掉 42. begin 改為 began 43. So 改為 But 44. we 改為 I 45. exciting 改為 excited 【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。作者講述了喜歡打排球的原因和故事經(jīng)過(guò)。 36.考查介詞。句意：自從三年前我就一直打排球。句子是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，后面不能跟過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，要和一段時(shí)間連用，故把before 改為 since。since three years ago自從三年前。 37.考查不定冠詞。句意：它開(kāi)始于一個(gè)老師在我們學(xué)校建立了一個(gè)排球俱樂(lè)部，希望更多的學(xué)生參加這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)，保持健康。此處表示泛指，結(jié)合句意可知在teacher 前加 a。 38.考查現(xiàn)在分詞做伴隨狀語(yǔ)。句意：它開(kāi)始于一個(gè)老師在我們學(xué)校建立了一個(gè)排球俱樂(lè)部，希望更多的學(xué)生參加這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)，保持健康。此處是現(xiàn)在分詞做伴隨狀語(yǔ)，故把hope 改為 hoping。 39.考查so...that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：這個(gè)俱樂(lè)部很受歡迎，許多學(xué)生都報(bào)名參加了。此處是so...that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，故把very改成so。 40.考查獨(dú)立成分。To be honest“誠(chéng)實(shí)地說(shuō)”，故把honesty 改為 honest。 41.考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：我們每個(gè)星期六早上一起練習(xí)。every Saturday morning“在每個(gè)星期六”本身就含有“在”的意思，所以on是多余的，故把on去掉。 42.考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：然而，一些學(xué)生很快就厭倦了，退出了俱樂(lè)部。此處指已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，故把begin 改為 began。 43.考查并列連詞。句意：但我發(fā)現(xiàn)我很享受它，我繼續(xù)練習(xí)。與上句是一種轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故把So 改為 But。 44.考查人稱代詞。句意：但我發(fā)現(xiàn)我很享受它，我繼續(xù)練習(xí)。結(jié)合句意，故把we 改為I。 45.考查過(guò)去分詞。句意：我是多么的興奮和自豪。此處表示“感到興奮”，故把exciting 改為 excited。 五、書面表達(dá) 【答案】 Dear Tom, How are you going? I miss you very much. I feel very depressed now because there is an annoying thing that discourages me. There is a new classmate who is very fat coming to my class. Many classmates laugh at him just because of his weight, which makes me angry. In my opinion, looking down on the newcomer is a foolish behavior, and it makes themselves look like a fool. As a result, the relationship between classmates must be broken. Unluckily, I have no idea to solve the problem. So I hope you can give me some suggestions. I will appreciate it if you can help me get out of the trouble. Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用類作文，是一封郵件。 第1步：根據(jù)提示可知，假定你是李華，你班上最近轉(zhuǎn)來(lái)一位身材肥胖的新生，很多同學(xué)都嘲笑他。這讓你感到非常氣憤，但又無(wú)計(jì)可施。就此請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)寫封郵件給你的網(wǎng)友Tom求助。人稱為第一人稱，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 第2步：根據(jù)寫作要求，確定關(guān)鍵詞（組），如：depressed沮喪的，annoying惱人的，discourage氣餒，laugh at嘲笑，because of因?yàn)?，look down on看不起，behavior行為，look like看起來(lái)像，As a result結(jié)果，relationship關(guān)系，appreciate感激，get out of擺脫。 第3步：根據(jù)提示及關(guān)鍵詞（組）進(jìn)行遣詞造句，注意主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題。 第4步：連句成文，注意使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞進(jìn)行句子之間的銜接與過(guò)渡，書寫一定要規(guī)范清晰，保持整潔美觀的卷面是非常重要的。