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Unit 1 Festivals around the world (必修3　Unit 1) 【短文語法填空】 A 13-year study of early childhood development 1.　　　　　(make) by Harvard University has shown that,by the age of three,most children have the big potential 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (understand) about 1 000 words—most of the language they will use in ordinary conversation for the rest of their lives. Furthermore,research has shown that while every child is born with a natural curiosity,it can decline 3.　　　　　 (great) during the second and third years of life.Researchers say that the human personality 4.　　　　　　　　　　　　 (form) during the first two years of life,and during the first three years children learn the basic skills they will use in all their later learning both at home 5.　　　　　 at school. 6.　　　　　 is generally acknowledged that young people from poorer socio-economic backgrounds tend to do less well in our education system.As a result of the research evidence of the 7.　　　　　　　　　 (important) of the first three years of a child’s life,a pilot programme 8.　　　　　 focused on parents as the child’s first teachers started in the US.As the programme shows,working with the family,rather than bypassing the parents,9.　　　　　 (be) the most effective way of 10.　　　　　　 (help) children get off to the best possible start in life. 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。多年的研究表明,孩子的個(gè)性是在兩歲前形成的,在三歲前能學(xué)會(huì)基本的學(xué)習(xí)技能,且到三歲的時(shí)候絕大多數(shù)孩子能理解大約一千個(gè)單詞;研究還表明,父母參與孩子的成長過程是幫助孩子在生活中有個(gè)好的開始的最有效的方法。 1.made　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。本句的謂語是has shown,故空處應(yīng)用make的非謂語動(dòng)詞形式;且該句的主語study與動(dòng)詞make之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故應(yīng)填make的過去分詞made。 2.to understand　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。have the potential to do sth.意為“有潛力做某事”,動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語補(bǔ)足語。故填to understand。 3.greatly　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換?？仗幩钤~修飾動(dòng)詞decline,應(yīng)用great的副詞形式。故填greatly。 4.is formed　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。從句的主語human personality與form之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài);且根據(jù)后半句謂語動(dòng)詞learn可知,此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填is formed。 5.and　考查連詞。both...and...意為“兩者都……;既……又……”,為固定用法。故填and。 6.It　考查代詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,本句應(yīng)用it做形式主語,真正的主語為that引導(dǎo)的主語從句。故填I(lǐng)t。注意首字母大寫。 7.importance　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。the importance of...意為“……的重要性”,為固定用法。故填important的名詞形式importance。 8.that/which　考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,“　　　　　 focused on parents as the child’s first teachers”為定語從句,且該從句缺少主語,先行詞為programme,指物。故填that/which。 9.is　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。rather than連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞采取“就前原則”,在本句中,謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)由working with the family來決定。動(dòng)詞-ing做主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式,且由shows時(shí)態(tài)可知,應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填is。 10.helping　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞?？涨盀榻樵~of,應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞-ing形式。故填helping。 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 (2016重慶第二次診斷) At many modern festivals in the UK,people gather together in a field,listening to music,sleeping in tents and killing time as they like.However,some of the big-sized festivals often result in traffic jams,piles of waste,and large electricity demands.Therefore,smaller,greener festivals are increasingly gaining favour. Cambridge Folk Festival Aware that folk music fans tend to be fond of beer,the organizers of the festival have e up with a creative way of avoiding mountains of plastic glasses.Visitors to this 4-day event have to order one beer glass in June.They keep and reuse the glass throughout the festival.Besides,everyone is given a bag for his recyclable rubbish in the entry. Need to know:the festival takes place in Cambridge around the end of July. Latitude Latitude was set up in 2006,with a clear aim to offer unusual rock music.It also has a strong environmental focus:all knives,forks and plates provided by the organizers are biodegradable(生物可降解的),and plastic packaging is forbidden.Besides,solar showers are supplied with eco-friendly bath products,and everyone will be willing to take time to get clean. Need to know:Latitude takes place in mid-July on the grounds of Henham Park. Big Green Gathering For more than 20 years the Big Green Gathering has played a leading role in raising environmental awareness by promoting solar-powered stages and organic(有機(jī)的) food.Many people flood here not only for its wonderful music,theatre and dance,but also for the event’s green focus. Need to know:the Big Green Gathering takes place in early August in Somerset. 1.To attend the Cambridge Folk Festival,visitors must 　　　. A.take a rubbish bag with them B.like folk music and drink beer C.buy plastic glasses to drink beer D.reserve a beer glass in advance 2.What is the similarity between Latitude and the Big Green Gathering? A.Both provide healthy food for people. B.Both make use of solar energy. C.Both take place in August. D.Both have a long history. 3.What is the main purpose of the passage? A.To introduce some green festivals. B.To invite people to attend big-sized festivals. C.To show the value of some music gatherings. D.To raise environmental awareness of the public. B Some people are so rude! Who sends an email or a text message that just says “Thank you”？Who leaves a voice mail message rather than texts you？Who asks for a fact easily found on Google？Dont these people realize that theyre wasting your time? Maybe Im the rude one for not appreciating lifes little politeness.But many social agreed standards just dont make sense to people drowning in digital munication. In texts，you dont have to declare who you are or even say hello.Email，too，is slower than a text.Voice mail is a now impolite way of trying to connect. My father learned this lesson after leaving me a dozen voice mail messages，none of which I listened to.Exasperated，he called my sister to express his dissatisfaction that I never returned his phone calls.“Why are you leaving him voice mail？” my sister asked.“Just text him.” In the age of the smartphone，there is no reason to ask onceacceptable questions about：the weather forecast，a businesss phone number，or directions to a house，a restaurant，which can be easily found on Google Maps.But people still ask these things.And when you answer，they respond with a thankyou email. How to handle these differing standards？Easy.Consider your audience.Some people，especially older ones，appreciate a thankyou message.Others，like me，want no reply. The anthropologist(人類學(xué)家)Margaret Mead once said that in traditional societies，the young learn from the old.But in modern societies，the old can also learn from the young.Heres hoping that politeness never goes out of fashion but that timewasting forms of munication do. 1．What does the underlined word “Exasperated” mean in the fifth paragraph? A．Worried. B．Surprised. C．Annoyed. D．Tired. 2．Why didnt the writer reply to his father? A．He liked text messages better. B．He enjoyed checking his voice mail. C．He didnt receive any voice mail messages. D．He didnt want to talk with his father. 3．Which of the following does the writer agree to? A．People neednt learn from one another in traditional societies. B．Dealing with voice mail should vary with each individual. C．People neednt turn to Google for help when in trouble. D．Declaring who you are or saying hello in texts is necessary. 4．Whats the best title of this passage? A．Nowadays：what should we do with text messages? B．Nowadays：do you like leaving others a voice message? C．Nowadays：what means should we use in munication? D．Nowadays：do you need a thankyou message? 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文，主要討論了如今在智能手機(jī)時(shí)代，人們應(yīng)該選擇何種方式進(jìn)行溝通。 【難句分析】Heres hoping that politeness never goes out of fashion but that timewasting forms of munication do. 分析：本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。兩個(gè)that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，在從句中不作句子成分。 譯文：希望禮貌永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)過時(shí)，但是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間的溝通方式會(huì)過時(shí)。 1．C　考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第五段第二句的“he called my sister to express his dissatisfaction that I never returned his phone calls”可知，作者的父親對(duì)作者不給自己回電話很不滿，由此可推知exasperated意思是“惱怒的，生氣的”，故選C。 2．A　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的“‘Why are you leaving him voice mail？’my sister asked.‘Just text him.’”可推知，作者不喜歡用語音信箱，更偏愛發(fā)短信，故選A。 3．B　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第七段的內(nèi)容可推知，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是變化的，處理方式應(yīng)該因人而異，而不是一刀切，語音信箱的使用亦是如此，故選B。A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在傳統(tǒng)社會(huì)中的人們不需要向他人學(xué)習(xí)，這與最后一段第一句“The anthropologist(人類學(xué)家)Margaret Mead once said that in traditional societies，the young learn from the old”相悖；C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在人們有麻煩不需要借助Google，這與第六段的內(nèi)容不符；D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在在短信里表明你是誰或問好是有必要的，這與第四段第一句“In texts, you dont have to declare who you are or even say hello”相悖，故排除。 4．C　考查標(biāo)題判斷。根據(jù)對(duì)文章內(nèi)容的整體理解可知，第三段引入本文話題，最后兩段點(diǎn)題總結(jié)，本文主要討論的是如今(在智能手機(jī)時(shí)代)我們應(yīng)該用何種方式溝通，故選C項(xiàng)。A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在只提及了現(xiàn)在我們應(yīng)該如何應(yīng)對(duì)短信，這忽略了文章中有關(guān)語音信息的內(nèi)容，有以偏概全之嫌；B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在只提及了你是否喜歡留語音信息給他人，這也只是文章的一部分，而非全部；D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在現(xiàn)在是否需要留感謝信息，這只是文章中提到的一小部分內(nèi)容，而非文章主旨，故排除。 Ⅱ.完形填空 I locked my bike at one end of Fort De Soto and drove to the other.Armed with sunscreen and one 　1　 heart,I was ready.Ready to walk.Ready to 　2　 my life.It had been a 　3　 year.I lost my parents.After a year of 　4　,something had to change. I make my living onstage as a motivational speaker.I teach people how to be 　5　.Thoughts are very 　6　,and you will prove what your mind expects,good or bad.I believed it all,because it always 　7　.Until it didn’t. I 　8　 that,if it lasted any longer,the 　9　 that had been around me would never leave.The 　10　 came to me on a Sunday:I would walk Pinellas County’s gulf(海灣) coastline,all of it.Spending endless hours 　11　 where the water meets the sky would heal my hurt.I 　12　 it.This was my Forrest Gump moment. On my first day,the first thing I saw was the Skyway Bridge in the distance.I’d 　13　 that bridge every week for the last 15 years to visit my parents.A pang(一陣劇痛) of sadness shot through me,but it didn’t 　14　.Instead,I thought about what I’d 　15　. On my second day,I was not sad,but not really happy.I slept straight through the night and 　16　 excited.For the first time in a very long time,I was more interested in what was in front of me than what was 　17　. The final part of my quest(探索) was the islands.When I got there,I needed to do something to mark the 　18　,so I got on my knees to write in the sand:“DONE”. Looking back,it was the 　19　 word.Sure,I was done walking.But I was also done feeling like a 　20　.I was done with the darkness.I’d turned the corner. 1.A.fragile　　　　　　　　B.healthy C.brave D.soft 2.A.risk B.devote C.build D.reset 3.A.pleasant B.lucky C.tough D.natural 4.A.delight B.sadness C.relief D.worry 5.A.happy B.pretty C.simple D.smart 6.A.interesting B.powerful C.positive D.critical 7.A.pleted B.changed C.worked D.failed 8.A.feared B.hoped C.agreed D.insisted 9.A.darkness B.silence C.noise D.sickness 10.A.excuse B.reason C.truth D.idea 11.A.running B.dancing C.swimming D.walking 12.A.showed B.made C.knew D.denied 13.A.repaired B.crossed C.designed D.noticed 14.A.start B.last C.end D.leave 15.A.survived B.suffered C.observed D.donated 16.A.looked up B.caught up C.gave up D.woke up 17.A.beside B.above C.below D.behind 18.A.chance B.failure C.finish D.lesson 19.A.native B.clear C.right D.formal 20.A.star B.victim C.hero D.child Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò) (2017河南洛陽第一次統(tǒng)考) My father is the man I respect most.Strict as he may be,however he never fails to show her care and consideration.Once I broke a neighbor window.Seeing nobody around,I ran away immediately.When Dad came home,he noticed my uneasiness and asked me what has happened.I could only tell him a truth.Instead of scold,he praised my honesty and then encouraged me to apologize our neighbor.I learned from this incident that not only does Dad take care of our health and he also teaches us what to be good citizens.How luckily I am to have such a good father! 考點(diǎn)規(guī)范練(必修3　Unit 1) 【短文語法填空】 Ⅰ. A【解題導(dǎo)語】本文為應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了英國的三個(gè)環(huán)保節(jié)日及相關(guān)的活動(dòng)。 1.D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一個(gè)節(jié)日中的“Visitors to this 4-day event have to order one beer glass in June.”可推知,答案為D項(xiàng),即來參加該節(jié)日活動(dòng)的游客必須提前預(yù)訂一個(gè)啤酒杯。 2.B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由Latitude中的“Besides,solar showers are supplied with eco-friendly bath products...”及Big Green Gathering中的by promoting solar-powered stages可推知,這兩個(gè)節(jié)日活動(dòng)都利用了太陽能。 3.A　推理判斷題。由第一段的最后一句可推知,本文主要介紹了三個(gè)環(huán)保節(jié)日。故選A項(xiàng)。 B Ⅱ.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。文章講述了作者通過散步療傷的經(jīng)歷。 1.A　由下文的“I lost my parents.”可推斷,作者失去至親后心很“脆弱(fragile)”。 2.D　由下文的something had to change可知,作者不想一直陷在痛苦之中,準(zhǔn)備“重新設(shè)定(reset)”自己的生活。 3.C　由下文的“I lost my parents.”可知,作者過去的一年過得很“艱難(tough)”。 4.B　失去雙親后的一年,作者一直沉浸在“痛苦(sadness)”之中。 5.A　由上文的as a motivational speaker可知,作者教人們?nèi)绾巫兊谩翱鞓?happy)”。 6.B　由下文的“...you will prove what your mind expects,good or bad.”可推斷,作者認(rèn)為思想的力量是非?！皬?qiáng)大的(powerful)”。 7.C　作者相信思想的力量是強(qiáng)大的,因?yàn)樗翱偸菚?huì)“奏效(worked)”。 8.A　作者“擔(dān)心(feared)”如果再這樣繼續(xù)下去,她將永遠(yuǎn)活在“黑暗(darkness)”中。 9.A　參照第8題解析。 10.D　在一個(gè)周日,作者想到了通過散步療傷的“主意(idea)”。 11.D　由上文的“I would walk...coastline”可知。 12.C　由上文的would heal my hurt及下文的“This was my Forrest Gump moment.”可推斷,作者“知道(knew)”無止境的散步能夠讓自己的心靈痊愈。 13.B　作者曾經(jīng)每周“跨越(crossed)”那座橋去看望父母。 14.B　作者觸景生情,感到一陣痛苦,但是痛苦并未“持續(xù)(last)”。 15.A　一陣痛苦過后,作者想到了自己“經(jīng)歷(survived)”的一切。 16.D　由上文的“I slept straight through the night...”可知,作者一覺“醒來(woke up)”后感到很興奮。 17.D　由上文的excited可推斷,作者終于從痛苦中走了出來,開始向前看而不是關(guān)注“已經(jīng)過去(behind)”的事情。 18.C　由下文的DONE可知,作者想在探索“結(jié)束(finish)”時(shí)做個(gè)標(biāo)記。 19.C　由下文的“Sure,I was done walking.But I was also done...”可知,作者認(rèn)為自己寫的字是一個(gè)“恰當(dāng)?shù)?right)”字,很符合當(dāng)時(shí)的情景和自己的心境。 20.B　作者在失去雙親后感到萬分痛苦,內(nèi)心受到了傷害;而現(xiàn)在,作者不僅結(jié)束了漫長的散步,還結(jié)束了“受害者(victim)”的身份,要開始全新的生活。 Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò) My father is the man I respect most.Strict as he may be, however he never fails to show herhis care and consideration.Once I broke a window.Seeing nobody around,I ran away immediately.When Dad came home,he noticed my uneasiness and asked me what hashad happened.I could only tell him athe truth.Instead of scoldscolding,he praised my honesty and then encouraged me to apologize our neighbor.I learned from this incident that not only does Dad take care of our health andbut he also teaches us whathow to be good citizens.How luckilylucky I am to have such a good father!