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必修2　Unit 1　Cultural relics 一、閱讀理解 A We had a TV series in London. One of our fellow TV presenters seriously upset the camera crew when they arrived at his house. He was rude and unconcerned, treating them like lowly workers. Minutes later, when the camera was turned on, he became the perfectly smiling spiritual figure he was publicly known to be. But, as the crew told us later, he had already shown them that he didnt walk his talk. In contrast, Ed was meeting with Jo, our TV producer, in a small London cafe. If you have ever been to London youll know that in such cafe the tables are very close. Two well dressed African men sat down next to them, which effectively meant they were sharing the same table. Ed asked the two strangers where they were from and one said, "South Africa. " The man pulled out his business card—his name was Jacob Zuma who, at that time, was the President of the ANC but is now the President of South Africa. Usually, if you sit next to someone in a big city cafe, you dont even make eye contact, let alone conversation. Jacob had never met Ed before so he could have been distant and polite, he certainly didnt have to talk, let alone maintain munication, which he did over the following few years. He even hugged him! How we walk our talk shows far more than just our public behavior. Rather, it highlights how we view the world and our place in it. Jacob Zuma showed us how he treats others—with the fairness, consideration and respect that he treats all beings. No matter who we are, whether a street cleaner or a president, we are all equal, here together as one human family. 1.What can we learn about the TV presenter? A. He felt upset before the camera. B. He was known for his being impolite. C. His deeds didnt agree with his words. D. He pretended to be polite to the camera crew. 2.Which word can best describe Jacob Zuma according to the text? A. Friendly. B. Humorous. C. Generous. D. Serious. 3.Why did Ed go to the small London cafe? A. To film a TV series. B. To interview Jacob Zuma. C. To meet with a TV producer. D. To observe peoples public behavior. 4.What is the text mainly about? A.TV presenters are often too proud. B. There still exists inequality in society. C.I. earned people are more likely to be polite. D. People should treat others with equal respect. 【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章通過舉例講述了我們?nèi)绾巫龅窖孕幸恢?，禮貌待人。我們的談話方式是我們的公共行為，表明我們?nèi)绾慰创澜绾臀覀冊谏鐣械牡匚唬虼宋覀儜?yīng)該公平的、體貼的、尊重地對待別人。 1.C 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段二、三句He was rude and unconcerned, treating them like lowly workers. Minutes later, when the camera was turned on, he became the perfectly smiling spiritual figure he was publicly known to be.可知，這位電視節(jié)目主持人對待同事粗魯不禮貌，當(dāng)面對鏡頭，他就成了眾所周知的完美的精神形象。因此推斷他是一個言行不一的人。故選C。 3.C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句In contrast, Ed was meeting with Jo, our TV producer, in a small London cafe.可知，Ed去咖啡館是為了見一個電視節(jié)目制片人。故選C。 4.D 【解析】主旨大意題?？v觀全文可知，文章通過舉例講述了我們?nèi)绾巫龅窖孕幸恢?，禮貌待人。我們的談話方式是我們的公共行為，表明我們?nèi)绾慰创澜绾臀覀冊谏鐣械牡匚?，因此我們?yīng)該公平的、體貼的、尊重地對待別人。故選D。 B The effects of coffee consumption on health have long been a subject of conflict and uncertainty. Since the 1980s, some have spoken out against coffee as its harmful to health, while others have weled coffee for its supposed benefits to health. According to a scientific report, mild coffee consumption, three to five cups per day, can be taken as a healthy dietary pattern, along with other healthful behavior. The report also says that coffee consumption helps reduce the risk of heart disease and it protects against Parkinsons disease. According to Dr. Donald Hensrud of Mayo Clinic, high consumption of coffee has health risks. Dr. Hensrud mentions the dangers of high coffee consumption for people with a certain illness that slows the breakdown of caffeine in the body. Some studies said that drinking two or more cups of coffee daily can actually increase the risk of heart disease in these people. According to conclusions from a recent study led by Dr. Gregory Marcus, a doctor from the University of California, San Francisco, daily moderate consumption of caffeine, less than 4 cups, is not associated with these issues. Until the scientific munity reaches a general agreement on the effects of coffee consumption on human health, it will be up to the individual to decide whether the benefits of drinking coffee are greater than the risks. When informed of these possible health benefits and harm of drinking coffee, Harwood, a high school student stated, “Even though there might be some negative effects of drinking coffee, for the most part, coffee drinking sounds good for health. Not to mention I need coffee to stay awake.” 【文章大意】　本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了人們對咖啡是否有益于身體健康的幾種不同觀點。 【難句分析】Dr. Hensrud mentions the dangers of high coffee consumption for people with a certain illness that slows the breakdown of caffeine in the body. 分析：該句為主從復(fù)合句。句中that slows the breakdown of caffeine in the body為that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞a certain illness。 譯文：Hensrud博士提到了對于患有某種疾病的人，大量飲用咖啡會有危害，(因為)這種病會減緩體內(nèi)咖啡因的分解。 1．What is the peoples attitude towards the effects of coffee on health according to Paragraph 1? A．Disapproving. B．Tolerant. C．Doubtful. D．Mixed. 答案與解析：D　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段第一句“The effects of coffee consumption on health have long been a subject of conflict and uncertainty.”可知，長期以來，飲用咖啡是否對健康有影響一直是有爭議的、不確定的。D項意為“混合的，混雜的”，符合題意，故D項正確。 2．What does the underlined word “moderate” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Personal. B．Slight. C．Reasonable. D．Heavy. 答案與解析：C考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)該句中的“l(fā)ess than 4 cups”可知，飲用的咖啡不超過4杯；據(jù)此可以判斷，該句是說，每天攝入適量的咖啡因?qū)ι眢w無害。據(jù)此可知，畫線詞意為“適度的”，故C項正確。 3．What can we infer about Harwood? A．Hell keep on drinking coffee. B．He loves his high school life. C．He often falls asleep in class. D．He has some health problems. 答案與解析：A考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章最后兩句“Even though there might be some negative effects of drinking coffee, for the most part，coffee drinking sounds good for health. Not to mention I need coffee to stay awake.”可知，Harwood認(rèn)為，盡管喝咖啡可能會帶來一些負(fù)面影響，但大多數(shù)情況下，喝咖啡對健康有好處；更不用說，他需要咖啡來保持清醒。據(jù)此可以推斷，他將繼續(xù)喝咖啡，故A項正確。 4．What would be the best title for the text? A．Why People Love Coffee? B．How Coffee Affects Health? C．The Culture of Coffee Drinking D．The New Findings of Heart Disease 答案與解析：B考查標(biāo)題判斷。通讀全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了人們對咖啡是否有益于身體健康說法不一。有人認(rèn)為適量飲用咖啡有益身體健康，有人卻認(rèn)為過量飲用咖啡會增加心臟病的發(fā)病率。據(jù)此可知，B項最適合作為本文的標(biāo)題。 二、七選五 It is necessary to be reasonable and flexible enough to avoid conflicts as much as possible and live in peace with others.__1__ If you have done all your best to avoid conflicts and you are still arguing，then read these effective tips on how to avoid conflicts. Dont get in the center of the conflict. Sometimes people can get in the center of conflicts due to their enthusiasm for offering help.Frankly speaking，it is very unwise，because it can make you the main figure of the conflict.__2__ You should focus on your own life issues. Be kind. __3__ Life is full of conflicts and disagreements，and thats why you should find more conservative ways of dealing with them.For example，kindness can lessen the conflict. Try to be a peacekeeper. Peacekeepers tend to cooperate with people without bad emotions which usually lead to arguments and even conflicts.“__4__” This saying is the life motto of a naturalborn peacekeeper.Dont worry if you are not a naturalborn peacekeeper；you can gain this skill during life. Walk off. When the conflict is gathering pace and you cant manage to control yourself，you should choose to handle the situation in another way.By all means，try to keep yourself away from stress.__5__ You should get away from the situation for a while. A．The greatest victory is a battle not fought. B．Conflicts are unavoidable，so try to accept them. C．Weak people usually desire others to offer help and support. D．Let other people solve their problems without your presence. E．It is helpful to put some distance between yourself and the opponent. F．When someone pushes you to the limit，try to act kindly towards this person. G．Arguing can either break your friendship or affect your relationship to some degree. 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了幾種有效避免沖突的建議。 1．G　根據(jù)空前一句“It is necessary to be reasonable and flexible enough to avoid conflicts as much as possible and live in peace with others”可知，盡量避免沖突是十分有必要的；據(jù)此可以判斷，空處承上啟下，介紹沖突的嚴(yán)重危害，引出文章主題，故G項正確。 2．D　根據(jù)空后一句“You should focus on your own life issues”可知，作者建議把注意力集中在自己的事情上；據(jù)此可以判斷，空處建議“讓其他人自己解決他們自己的問題”，故D項符合文意。 3．F　根據(jù)該段標(biāo)題“Be kind”可知，該段主要闡述“和善待人”的建議，這與F項中的“try to act kindly towards this person”照應(yīng)，故F項符合文意。 4．A　根據(jù)空后一句“This saying is the life motto of a naturalborn peacekeeper”可以判斷，空處是調(diào)解人的一句格言。A項意為“最偉大的勝利是一場沒有戰(zhàn)斗的斗爭”，符合文意，故A項正確。 5．E　根據(jù)空前一句“By all means, try to keep yourself away from stress”可知，這里作者建議要遠(yuǎn)離沖突，離開對手；據(jù)此可知E項符合文意。 三、短文改錯 I usually go to school by bike.And this morning I went on foot.On the way to school，I happen to witness an accident.A middleaged woman was knocked down by a car while crosses the street.Seeing that was happening on the scene，I made rush for the woman to help.One passerby got out of his cellphone and called the police.I helped to carry the woman to safe and dress her wound. Around ten minutes late, an ambulance arrived and took him to hospital.I continued my way to school，feeling happily that I could offer some help in time. 【答案】　 I usually go to school by bike. this morning I went on foot.On the way to school，I to witness an accident.A middleaged woman was knocked down by a car while the street.Seeing was happening on the scene，I made rush for the woman to help.One passerby got out his cellphone and called the police.I helped to carry the woman to and dress her wound. Around ten minutes ， an ambulance arrived and took to hospital.I continued my way to school，feeling that I could offer some help in time. 第一處：And→But。考查連詞。前后句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用But。 第二處：happen→happened?？疾闀r態(tài)。根據(jù)上文中的“I went on foot”可知，此處描述的是發(fā)生在過去的事情，應(yīng)該用一般過去時。 第三處：crosses→crossing?？疾榉侵^語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，cross與A middleaged woman之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。 第四處：that→what。考查名詞性從句。這里指“看到現(xiàn)場發(fā)生的事情”。此處在句中引導(dǎo)賓語從句，且在從句中作主語，表示“……的事情”，故用what。 第五處：rush前加a。考查冠詞。此處指作者沖向那位女士以提供幫助。make a rush for“沖向，奔向”是固定搭配。 第六處：刪除out后的of?？疾楣潭ù钆洹Ｒ晃宦啡四贸鏊氖謾C并給警察打了電話。get“取來，拿來”，是及物動詞，其后可直接接賓語；out在此為副詞。而get out of sth.意為“離開(某地)，擺脫，放棄”，顯然不符合此處的語境。故of多余。 第七處：safe→safety?？疾槊~。此處充當(dāng)介詞的賓語，應(yīng)該用名詞形式。safety“安全的地方”。 第八處：late→later?？疾楦痹~。雖然late和later都可用作副詞，但前者表示“遲，晚”，后者表示“后來，隨后”。根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)將late改為later。 第九處：him→her。考查代詞。此處指的是救護(hù)車將那個受傷的女士帶去了醫(yī)院，故應(yīng)用her。 第十處：happily→happy?？疾樾稳菰~。feel是系動詞，其后應(yīng)用形容詞作表語。 四、短文語法填空 Women are starting to take power in more and more important positions in recent years.__1__ to a new list made by AFP, the __2__ (world) 10 most powerful women who made their way above the “glass ceiling”， __3__ (include) the U．S.’ first female presidential nominee (候選人) Hillary Clinton and Director General of the World Health Organization, Margaret Chan. There is something interesting with the AFP list: A majority of the 10 women are over 60, the age __4__ some women bee grandmothers.In fact, this might be the best proof of how aging — a factor that has always been considered as a(n) __5__ (advantage) — has begun to turn into a strong point, for women. The reasons behind the phenomenon may include that today’s older women are __6__ (well) educated and more __7__ (experience) than any generations before. It is also because of society’s changing opinion about __8__ women can achieve — after raising kids and running family lives for years, older women are now more likely to start again instead of retiring into __9__ peaceful life of cooking and gardening. In fact, this changing atmosphere in gender equality is spreading all over the world and across women __10__ all ages. 語篇解讀：由于社會不斷變化的觀念，女性不再像舊時那樣帶孩子和照顧家庭，而是越來越融入社會并有了一定的社會地位，甚至近幾年出現(xiàn)像希拉里和陳馮富珍這樣在政治上占有一席地位的女性。 1．According　according to意為“根據(jù)”，為固定短語。故填A(yù)ccording。 2．world’s　定冠詞the后修飾的中心詞是名詞women，設(shè)空處作定語，應(yīng)用名詞所有格，故填world’s。 3．include　分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，who made their way above the “glass ceiling”為定語從句，主語women后缺謂語，陳述的是客觀事實，故用一般現(xiàn)在時。故填include。 4．when　設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞the age，且在從句中作時間狀語，故用關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)該定語從句。 5．disadvantage　句意：實際上，對于女性來說，這可能是年齡——一個通常被認(rèn)為是劣勢的因素——如何變成優(yōu)點的最好證明。介詞as及冠詞a(n)后的中心詞應(yīng)為名詞單數(shù)形式，根據(jù)句意可知填disadvantage。 6．better　根據(jù)句中的than可知，此處應(yīng)用比較級。故填better。 7．experienced　根據(jù)空前的and可知設(shè)空處和educated為平行關(guān)系，在系動詞are后用作表語，應(yīng)用形容詞，且修飾人，故填experienced。 8．what　介詞about后接賓語從句，且從句中缺賓語，設(shè)空處表示“……的東西；……的事情”。故填what。 9．a(chǎn)　life在此表示“生活”，為可數(shù)名詞，此處泛指“一種平靜的生活”，因此，其前用不定冠詞a。 10．of　名詞ages前有限定詞all，故設(shè)空處只能填介詞，表示“……的”。故填of。