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1、牛津英語(yǔ)6A英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法一般過(guò)去時(shí) 定義：表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 結(jié)構(gòu)：“主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式” 用法： 1.表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 　He was here yesterday. 　I got up at seven yesterday morning. 　My mother was at work yesterday afternoon. 　Did you have a good time last summer? 2.表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 　My mother often went to work by taxi last year

2、. 　When I was a student, I often listened to music. 3.常與一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)連用的時(shí)間有： 　at that time, then, at that moment, yesterday, yesterday morning (afternoon, evening…)last night (week, month, year…),一　段時(shí)間+ago(several days ago), two days ago, a week ago, three years ago…in 1990, (in 1997…) ,just now, long b

3、efore, long, long ago 二.動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式構(gòu)成規(guī)則 （一）1、一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加–ed 　help→helped, look→looked, play→played, work→worked, listen→listened, wash→washed, clean→cleaned, 2、結(jié)尾是e的動(dòng)詞加-- d 　live---lived hope---hoped use---used like --- liked 3、末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞,先雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母,再加—ed 　stop---stopped plan---planned 4、結(jié)尾是“

4、輔音字母+y”的動(dòng)詞,先變“y”為“i”再加—ed 　study---studied carry ---carried cry --- cried worry→worried (二)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的讀音規(guī)則 　規(guī)則動(dòng)詞加-ed的讀音:基本規(guī)則是輕輕,濁濁,既在輕輔音后加ed讀輕輔音/t/。在濁輔音及元音后加ed讀濁輔音/d/。 例：ask→asked /a:skt/, cook→cooked /kukt/, pass→passed /pa:st/,helped, liked, watched. 例：move→moved /mu:vd/, live→lived / livd/, liste

5、n→listened /`lisnd/, stay→stayed /steid/ 　在/t/ /d/之后念/id/ ,即ed在/t/ /d/音后面念/id/ 例：shout→shouted // , start→started /sta:tid/,want→wanted /wantid/, need→needed /`ni:did/ (三)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式： a.過(guò)去式與動(dòng)詞原形的拼寫(xiě)形式相同：let→let, put→put, read→read,(注意read的過(guò)去式讀[red]) b. i→a: begin→began, drink→drank, give→gave, rin

6、g→rang, sing→sang, sit→sat, swim→swam c. i→o: drive→drove, ride→rode, write→wrote d. ow→ew: grow→grew, know→knew, throw→threw e.含ough或augh的：bring→brought, buy→bought, think→thought；catch→caught, teach→taught f. am is ---was　are ---were　do---did　can---could　come---came 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式平時(shí)出現(xiàn)要留心,逐個(gè)熟記,注意積累

7、。 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式、現(xiàn)在分詞的不規(guī)則變化： am; is是——was——being are是——were——being begin開(kāi)始——began——beginning build建筑——built——building buy買——bought——buying can能——could——無(wú) come來(lái)——came——coming copy拷貝——copied——copying do做——did——doing draw畫(huà)——drew——drawing drink喝——drank——drinking drive駕駛——drove——driving eat

8、吃——ate——eating feel感覺(jué)——felt——feeling find尋找——found——finding fly飛——flew——flying forget忘記——forgot——forgettingget得到——got——getting give給予——gave——giving go去——went——going grow成長(zhǎng)——grew——growing have有——had——having hear聽(tīng)——heard——hearing keep保持——kept——keeping know知道——knew——knowing learn學(xué)習(xí)

9、—learnt, learned—learning let讓——let——letting make做——made——making may可以——might——無(wú) mean意思——meant－meaning meet見(jiàn)面——met——meeting must必須——must——無(wú) put放——put——putting read讀——read——reading ride騎——rode——riding ring響——rang——ringing run跑——ran——running say說(shuō)——said——saying see看見(jiàn)

10、——saw——seeing sing唱歌——sang——singing sit坐——sat——sitting sleep睡覺(jué)——slept——sleeping speak講話——spoke——speaking spend花錢——spent——spending stand站立——stood——standing sweep打掃——swept——sweeping swim游泳——swam——swimming take拿到——took——taking teach教——taught——teaching tell講述——told——telling

11、 think思考——thought——thinking will意愿——would——無(wú) write寫(xiě)——wrote——writing 三.句型轉(zhuǎn)化： 1．be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)的句型如下： 　(1)否定句：主語(yǔ)+ be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式（was, were）+ not… 　(2)疑問(wèn)句：be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式（was, were）+主語(yǔ)…？ 　　a.He was busy yesterday. (肯定句)他昨天很忙。 　　b.He was not busy yesterday. (否定句)他昨天不忙。 　　c.Was he busy yesterday? (疑問(wèn)句)他昨天忙嗎？ 　

12、　d.There weren’t any boys in the room.房間里沒(méi)有男孩兒。 　　e. Were there any boys in the room?房間里有男孩兒?jiǎn)幔? 2．行為動(dòng)詞的否定式和疑問(wèn)式： 　(1)若肯定句中只有一個(gè)行為動(dòng)詞,那就得在行為動(dòng)詞前加上did not或縮略式didn’t,并把這個(gè)行為動(dòng)詞由過(guò)去式改為動(dòng)詞原形。例如： 　a. I called Lin Tao yesterday afternoon.→I did not / didn’t call Lin Tao yesterday afternoon. 　b. I borrowed a bo

13、ok from Sun Yang last Sunday.→I didn’t borrow a book from Sun Yang last Sunday. 　(2)行為動(dòng)詞的一般疑問(wèn)句 　　若在陳述句中只有行為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式,那就得在句首加上一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞did來(lái)幫助提問(wèn),然后把句中的行為動(dòng)詞由過(guò)去式改為動(dòng)詞原形,并在句末打上問(wèn)號(hào)。回答時(shí)別忘了還用did.例如： 　a. We stayed there for 10 days last month.→Did you stay there for 10 days last month? Yes, we did. / No, we didn’t

14、. 　b. Mary had a delicious dinner yesterday evening.→Did Mary have a delicious dinner yesterday evening? Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t 練習(xí)： 一．用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. We ______ (live) in Japan last year. 2. Susan_______ (stop) the car on the street yesterday. 3. My mother_______ (clean) my room and

15、______(study) for the English test last Sunday. 4. What ______ you ______(do) last night? 5. On Saturday morning I _____(play) football. 二．用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 (1) May__________ (finish) her homework very late yesterday evening. (2) Han Mei __________ (bring) her pet to the park that day. (3) His

16、father __________ (buy) a new computer for him last week. (4) Miss Du__________ (walk) to work every day last term. (5) We __________ (move) to Shenyang 8 years ago. (6) __________ you __________ (have) bread for breakfast this morning? (7) She __________ (give) me a nice present last night. (8

17、) The police __________ (stop) the car and __________ (catch) the thief (小偷) just now. (9) Tom __________ (carry) water for the old man last Saturday. (10)Uncle Wang _____________ ( come )into the room and __________ ( find ) something to eat. (11).Lily ______________ ( study ) in the classroom f

18、or two hours and then _________ ( leave ). (12).Jimmy __________ ( do ) a lot today. He _________ ( go ) shopping and ________ ( cook ) supper. (13).We _________ ( go ) to the cinema last night. The film ___________ ( be ) very good. (14).What time _________ you __________ ( get ) to school this

19、morning? 三．按要求變換下列句型,每空一詞。 (1) Wei Fang cleaned the classroom an hour ago. (改為一般疑問(wèn)句,并作肯定和否定回答) 　__________ Wei Fang __________ the classroom an hour ago? 　__________, she __________. 　__________,she __________. (2) Li Hong did her homework yesterday afternoon. (改為否定句) 　Li Hong __________ ____

20、______ her homework yesterday afternoon. (3) Uncle Li drove a truck to Wuhan three months ago(改成一般疑問(wèn)句) 　__________ Uncle Li __________a truck toWuhanthree months ago? (4) Miss Gao taught them English last term.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)) 　__________ __________ Miss Gao __________ __________ English? (5) Mr Ren a

21、lways went to work on foot last year. (對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)) 　__________Mr Gao ________ to work last year？ (6)Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句） 　Lucy _______ _______ her homework at home. (7)He found some meat in the fridge.（變一般疑問(wèn)句) 　______ he _____ ______ meat in the fridge? (8)She stayed there for a m

22、onth.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)） 　______ ______ _____ she _____ there? (9)There was some tea in the cup.（變一般疑問(wèn)句) 　_____ there _____ tea in the cup? 四.選擇 ( )1.The two __________in the same class last year. 　A. are　B. was　C. were ( )2.---Where__________ you ? 　　----I went to buy some food for supper. 　A.are go

23、　B.did go　C.do go ( )3.The students in Li Lei’s class__________ on a farm last week. 　A. work　B. works　C. worked ( )4.__________ that worker __________in a shoe factory a year ago? 　A. Do, work　B.Did, worked　C. Did, work ( )5.---Have you found your pen ? 　----Yes, I__________ it two hours ago.

24、 　A. found　B. find　C. finded ( )6. __________your mother __________to work last Saturday? 　A. Did, go　B. Do, go　C. Does, go ( )7.They__________ not late the day before yesterday. 　A. did　B. were　C. are ( )8.__________ they away from school last October? 　A. Did　B. Were　C. Do ( )9. __________

25、you__________ to school last Sunday? 　A. Did, come　B. Do, come　C. Were, come ( )10.What __________they__________ for breakfast last week? 　A. were, have　B. did, have　C. will, have ( )11.My friend __________his homework fifteen minutes ago. 　A. finish　B. finishes　C. finished ( )12.The boys_____

26、_____ only two subjects last term, but this term they__________ five. 　A. have, have　B. had, had　C. had, have ( )13.Why __________Ann __________TV last night ? 　A. didn’t, watch　B. don’t ,watch　C. doesn’t , watch ( )14.They stopped here because they__________ the way to the station. 　A. didn’t

27、know　B. don’t know　C. will know ( )15---Where __________ you find your ticket? 　----I __________it on the ground. 　A. did, found　B. do, found　C. were, find 五.將下列各詞重新排序使其成為正確的句子： 1. you go the did to city yesterday (?) 　_______________________________ 2. did he what in eat evening the (?) 　__

28、____________________________ 3. went there I taxi by (.) 　______________________________ 4. walked to the she back school (.) 　______________________________ 5. it rainy was yesterday (?) 　______________________________ 一、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1. He _________ (live) in America two years ago. 2. The bo

29、y ________ (listen) to the teacher carefully last week. 3. We _______ (watch) a Japanese cartoon last Friday. 4. Nancy ________ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week. 5. I ________ (pull) up(carrot) with Mike yesterday. 6. They ________ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson. 7. My moth

30、er _______ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival（春節(jié)）. 8. The girls _______ (dance) at the party last Wednesday . 9.The students ________ (study) very hard last month(月). 10. My parents_____(plan ) to have a good weekend last Thursday. 11. We(visit ) our grandparents last Sunday. My grandparen

31、ts(be) very happy to see us . 12. The children(water) the flowers and(collect ) eggs on the farm three days ago . They(be) very exited. 13. Su Yang(clean) her house with Su Hai two days ago . 14. Mike( taste ) a lot of oranges on the farm when he was ten years old. 15. Yesterday evening , I (wal

32、k ) in the park with my cousin . There(be) lots of people in the park. 16. Ben(ask) his mother many questions when he was five years old. 1. I ______ (watch) a Chinese cartoon last Saturday. 2. Helen _______ (talk) the National Day with her father last night. 3. Our teacher(use) the computer

33、to give us an English lesson yesterday. 4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives(親戚) last Spring Festival（春節(jié)）? 5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite last Sunday? Yes, he ______. 6. Ben _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday. 7. My mother _______(work) yesterday, but my father ______

34、(not)(work). 8. What ____ she _____ (do) in the garden last morning? She _____(play) the guitar. 9. My sister(wash) her dress the day before yesterday. 10.We(go) to school last Saturday. We(have) a party at school. 用括號(hào)內(nèi)的詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。（1分13=13分） 1. Yesterday _____(be) ____________ (three) of December

35、. 2. A: Where ______ you just now? (be)B: I _______ in the teachers’ office. 3. Look!Liu Tao __________(sing) in the classroom. But just now he_______ (run) in the playground. 4. Liu Tao ______ (water) the flowers every morning, but he_________( not water)the flowersyesterday morning. 5.Uncle W

36、ang_______(come)into the room and_______(find)something to eat yesterday. 6. What ________（do）Jim usually do at weekends? 7. My mother wanted __________ (plant)some flowers in her garden. 8.The girl is watching a ________(fun) cartoon now. 五、根據(jù)上下問(wèn)內(nèi)容將對(duì)話補(bǔ)全。(1分10=10分) It _____ the National Day hol

37、iday last week. Today _____ the first day _______ the holiday. Helen meets Nancy ____ the school playground.She is ______ Nancy something about her holiday: she _______ a farm ______ her family.She _______ a lot of eggs and _______ cows. She ______ a good time there. 六、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。（0.5分20=10分） 1.Myshoes

38、arenext to the door. (對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))yourshoes ? 2. Jack’s eyes areblue. (對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))______________________ Jck’s eyes? 3. I’d likea cartoonas my birthday present.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)) What _______ you _______ as _______ birthday present? 4. She gave me a nice present last night.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句,并作否定回答) ______ she ______ me

39、 a nice present last night?No,she ________. 5. There were some ducks on the farm.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句并作肯定回答） _________________________ ducks on the farm?Yes, there_______ 6. Li Hong did her homework yesterday afternoon. (改為否定句) 　Li Hong ________________ her homework yesterday afternoon. 7. I get up early i

40、n the morning.(用this morning改寫(xiě)下列句子) I ______ up early this morning. 8. Iknow a lot about public signs.(改為否定句) I_____________ a lot about public signs . 9. study , for , cleaned , the ,father , his , Ben (.) (連詞成句) _______________________________________________________________ 七、根據(jù)情景寫(xiě)句子(0.5分20

41、=10分) 1、—昨天你干了什么？—我去了一個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)。 —你還做了什么？—我摘了一些桔子并品嘗了它們。 —What ______ you______ yesterday?—I______ to a _______. —What _______ _______youdo?—I ______some oranges and _______ them. 2、你想問(wèn)你的同學(xué)，你的耳機(jī)剛才是否在他課桌旁邊，你會(huì)說(shuō)： my ______ next todesk aago？ 3、上周末他們?cè)跔I(yíng)地踢足球了。 Last_________, they_________________________

42、the_______. 4、9月10日是教師節(jié)。 Teachers’ Dayis ____________________ofSeptember. 答案 一.1. lived　2.stopped　3.cleaned studied　4.did do　5.played 二.1. finished　2.brought　3.bought　4.walked　5.moved　6. Did, have　7. gave　8.stopped, caught　9.carried　10.came found.　11.studied;left　12.did; went;

43、cooked　13.went;was　14.did;get 三.1.Did; clean; Yes sh did/No she didn’t　2.didn’t do　3.Did drive　4.When; did ;teach them.　5.How did go　6.didn’t do　7.Did find any　8.How long did stay　9.Was any “教書(shū)先生”恐怕是市井百姓最為熟悉的一種稱呼，從最初的門館、私塾到晚清的學(xué)堂，“教書(shū)先生”那一行當(dāng)怎么說(shuō)也算是讓國(guó)人景仰甚或敬畏的一種社會(huì)職業(yè)。只是更早的“先生”概念并非源于教書(shū)，最初出現(xiàn)的“先生”一詞也并非有傳

44、授知識(shí)那般的含義?！睹献印分械摹跋壬螢槌龃搜砸?？”；《論語(yǔ)》中的“有酒食，先生饌”；《國(guó)策》中的“先生坐，何至于此？”等等，均指“先生”為父兄或有學(xué)問(wèn)、有德行的長(zhǎng)輩。其實(shí)《國(guó)策》中本身就有“先生長(zhǎng)者，有德之稱”的說(shuō)法?？梢?jiàn)“先生”之原意非真正的“教師”之意，倒是與當(dāng)今“先生”的稱呼更接近。看來(lái)，“先生”之本源含義在于禮貌和尊稱，并非具學(xué)問(wèn)者的專稱。稱“老師”為“先生”的記載，首見(jiàn)于《禮記?曲禮》，有“從于先生，不越禮而與人言”，其中之“先生”意為“年長(zhǎng)、資深之傳授知識(shí)者”，與教師、老師之意基本一致。四.1.C　2.B　3.C　4.C　5.A　6.A　7.B　8.B　9.A　10.B　11.C

45、　12.C　13.A　14.A　15.A 五.1.Did you go to the city yesterday? 語(yǔ)文課本中的文章都是精選的比較優(yōu)秀的文章,還有不少名家名篇。如果有選擇循序漸進(jìn)地讓學(xué)生背誦一些優(yōu)秀篇目、精彩段落,對(duì)提高學(xué)生的水平會(huì)大有裨益?，F(xiàn)在,不少語(yǔ)文教師在分析課文時(shí),把文章解體的支離破碎,總在文章的技巧方面下功夫。結(jié)果教師費(fèi)勁,學(xué)生頭疼。分析完之后,學(xué)生收效甚微,沒(méi)過(guò)幾天便忘的一干二凈。造成這種事倍功半的尷尬局面的關(guān)鍵就是對(duì)文章讀的不熟。常言道“書(shū)讀百遍,其義自見(jiàn)”,如果有目的、有計(jì)劃地引導(dǎo)學(xué)生反復(fù)閱讀課文,或細(xì)讀、默讀、跳讀,或聽(tīng)讀、范讀、輪讀、分角色朗讀,學(xué)生便可以在讀中自然領(lǐng)悟文章的思想內(nèi)容和寫(xiě)作技巧,可以在讀中自然加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)感,增強(qiáng)語(yǔ)言的感受力。久而久之,這種思想內(nèi)容、寫(xiě)作技巧和語(yǔ)感就會(huì)自然滲透到學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言意識(shí)之中,就會(huì)在寫(xiě)作中自覺(jué)不自覺(jué)地加以運(yùn)用、創(chuàng)造和發(fā)展?！?.What did he eat in the evening? 　3.I went there by taxi. 　4.She walked back to the school. 　5. Was it rainy yesterday?