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必修五 Unit 3 Science and nature 檢測評價A卷 Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．—I remember you said that you like China because it has cheap beers. —Yes, ________ cheap. Chrisberg is less than ＄1. A．unbelievably B．probably C．relevantly D．properly 解析：選A　unbelievably“難以置信地”；probably“大概，或許”；relevantly“貼切地”；properly“恰當(dāng)?shù)亍薄８鶕?jù)該句后一句“Chrisberg還不到1美元”可知，回答者認(rèn)為這兒的啤酒“讓人難以置信地”便宜，故選A。 2．Life can be tough sometimes, but the elderly always tell us that we can ________ the bad into the good with efforts and wisdom. A．transform B．exchange C．transport D．consume 解析：選A　考查動詞辨析。句意：生活有時會很艱難，但是長輩們總是對我們說，只要付出努力和智慧，我們就能把壞事變成好事。transform ...into ...“把……轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤?，符合題意。 3．________ made many contestants angry is ________ was called the fair play turned out to be unfair at all. A．What; that what B．What; what C．It; that D．It; what that 解析：選A　根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知is前面是主句，主句中缺少主語，所以第一空填what。第二空謂語動詞is后，是表語從句，通常由that引導(dǎo)，一般不省略；而且表語從句中的主句是________ was called the fair play，又缺少主語，因此was called的主語是what。故選A項(xiàng)。 4．(2019江蘇五市聯(lián)考)Even if she is ________ the proposal now, we cant rely on her support; she is the kind of person who blows hot and cold. A．in honour of B．in face of C．in need of D．in favour of 解析：選D　句意：即使她現(xiàn)在贊成這個建議，我們也不能依靠她的支持，她是個反復(fù)無常的人。in favour of“贊成”，符合句意。in honour of“向……表示敬意”；in face of“面對”；in need of“需要”。 5．Confidence is more than just an attitude; it es from a strong mitment to take ________， rather than just let life happen. A．consideration B．effect C．responsibility D．a(chǎn)ccount 解析：選C　句意：自信并不僅僅是態(tài)度問題。它來源于負(fù)責(zé)任的有力承諾，而不是隨波逐流。consideration“考慮”；effect“影響”；responsibility“責(zé)任”；account“解釋，賬戶”。根據(jù)句意可知選C。 6．Nash won the Noble Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for his work on game theory.His life story was ________ into the movie A Beautiful Mind in 2001. A．a(chǎn)dapted B．a(chǎn)dopted C．a(chǎn)djusted D．a(chǎn)ccepted 解析：選A　句意：納什因其在博弈論上的貢獻(xiàn)獲得了諾貝爾經(jīng)濟(jì)科學(xué)紀(jì)念獎。他的人生故事在2001年被改編成電影《美麗心靈》。adapt“改編”，符合句意。adopt“采納；收養(yǎng)”；adjust“調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)”；accept“接受”。 7．(2019淮安檢測)I have been convinced that the print media are usually more ________ and more reliable than television. A．a(chǎn)ccurate B．ridiculous C．urgent D．shallow 解析：選A　句意：我相信平面媒體要比電視有更高的準(zhǔn)確度和可信賴度。此處用accurate“精確的，準(zhǔn)確的”與后面的reliable“可信賴的，可依靠的”保持一致，故選A項(xiàng)。ridiculous“可笑的，荒謬的”；urgent“緊急的，迫切的”；shallow“淺的；膚淺的”。 8．(2019常州模擬)The type and quantity of illegal drugs a person is carrying when ________ by the police determine the punishment, ________ from a small fine to life imprisonment. A．caught; ranging B．caught; ranged C．catching; ranging D．catching; ranged 解析：選A　句意：一個人被警察抓獲時攜帶的非法毒品的種類和數(shù)量決定處罰的輕重，從小額罰款到終身監(jiān)禁。第一個空格為狀語從句的省略，補(bǔ)全為“when a person is caught by the police”；第二個空格考查非謂語動詞作狀語，range from ...to ...意為“范圍從……到……”，不及物動詞短語，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。 9．(2019江蘇高考考前沖刺)—________， I can attach no definite meaning to this rather grand sentence. —Why not turn to your teacher for help? A．As hard I might try B．Try hard as I might C．As hard as I might try D．Try as hard as I might 解析：選B　句意：“盡管我很努力地嘗試，我還是不能弄清這一長句的意思?！薄盀槭裁床粏枂柲愕睦蠋煟俊边B詞as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，從句需倒裝。當(dāng)副詞修飾動詞原形時，副詞要一并提前。 10．(2019南通、泰州模擬)________ you think that your parents are meanspirited at times, loving your parents is a normal and satisfying part of life. A．Even if B．Now that C．As though D．In case 解析：選A　句意：即便你認(rèn)為你的父母有時候氣量小，愛他們?nèi)匀皇巧钪姓５牟⑶伊钊藵M足的一部分。even if“即使，雖然”；now that“既然，由于”；as though“好像，似乎”；in case“萬一，假使”。根據(jù)句意可知選A。 11．Many houses were pletely destroyed in the hurricane which struck the area last week.________， the victims had to live in the temporary shelters offered by the Red Cross. A．As a result of B．As a consequence C．As usual D．As for 解析：選B　句意：許多房屋被上周襲擊該地區(qū)的颶風(fēng)給摧毀了。結(jié)果，受害者不得不住在紅十字會提供的臨時避難所里。as a result of“由于……的結(jié)果”，of后須接賓語；as a consequence＝as a result“結(jié)果，因此”；as usual“跟往常一樣”；as for“至于”。故B項(xiàng)符合語境。 12．Everybody said it was a perfect marriage; no one had ever known ________ couple. A．the happier B．a(chǎn) happier C．a(chǎn) happiest D．the happiest 解析：選B　句意：大家都說那是一樁美滿的婚姻，沒有人認(rèn)識(比他們)更幸福的一對了。根據(jù)句意可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該用比較級，故排除C、D兩項(xiàng)；“定冠詞＋形容詞比較級”表示“兩者當(dāng)中較……的”，所以A項(xiàng)不合題意；“不定冠詞＋形容詞比較級”表示“更……的一個”，故B項(xiàng)符合題意。 13．With the help of the Internet, different countries have e together to form a munity ________ people can share thoughts and global issues. A．whose B．which C．where D．when 解析：選C　句意：在因特網(wǎng)的幫助下，不同國家的人可以聚集在一起形成一個可以分享想法和全球問題的社區(qū)。先行詞是munity，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，故選where。 14．(2020屆高三泰州質(zhì)檢)—The authority concerned must have taken stricter measures to ensure traffic safety next year, ________ it? —Yes, definitely. A．didnt B．mustnt C．hasnt D．wont 解析：選C　句意：“有關(guān)權(quán)威一定會在明年實(shí)施更嚴(yán)格的交管措施確保交通安全，是吧？”“是的，的確?！碑?dāng)must have done強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的完成(一般沒有明確的過去時間狀語)，反意疑問句要用“havent/hasnt＋主語”。故選C。 15．OK, wake up! Only when you stop seeking shortcuts to success ________ being successful means hard work. A．you have realized B．have you realized C．can you realize D．you can realize 解析：選C　句意：好了，醒醒！只有當(dāng)你停止尋找通往成功的捷徑時，你才能認(rèn)識到成功意味著努力工作?！皁nly＋狀語從句”置于句首時，后面句子使用部分倒裝。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2019徐州質(zhì)檢)It is important to build confidence in whatever we try to do. Lets just say that cooking has not __1__ been my thing. Many of my friends know that I __2__ a lot of meals. When we invited people over they wanted to know if I would be near the kitchen before they would __3__. After one brutal batch of chili, I decided to put some __4__ into learning how to cook. I began visiting cooking websites but was discouraged by their lack of pictures and felt __5__. I borrowed a cook book from the library but didnt have any of the food __6__ to make what they were suggesting. __7__， I did something that most would think is mon sense. I started to read and follow the __8__ that most foods provide on the package. Who knew that they would be so __9__？ I never would have improved my cooking skills without trying to get better. Now as much as I would like to say from that point on everything went __10__. Just like learning anything it took a lot of __11__. At first I undercooked the baked chicken. Then I __12__ the chicken. Finally, after three attempts, it was edible (可吃的) but I forgot to season (調(diào)味) it __13__. Once I made it through those cooking __14__， I can now bake chicken with the best of them. After I __15__ chicken I was on to my next dish, spaghetti. I followed the ways to cook the noodles and got them just right. I added the meat and sauce blend to the noodles and was __16__ by how watery everything came out. Oops, I forgot to __17__ the noodles. Spaghetti only took __18__ tries to get it right. My trial and error helped me start building confidence. When it es to building confidence there is a(n) __19__ that one should follow. Building confidence in life is just like cooking. You have to take the time to learn the __20__ before you bee successful at it. 語篇解讀：文章通過作者在學(xué)習(xí)做飯過程中不斷嘗試的經(jīng)歷告訴我們只要我們肯努力，最終一定能夠建立自信。 1．A.merely　　　　　　　　 　B．really C．yet D．a(chǎn)lways 解析：選D　結(jié)合主題及第四段第一句中的“At first I undercooked the baked chicken.”可知我通常都不喜歡做飯。merely意為“僅僅，只是”；really意為“實(shí)際上”；yet意為“但是”；always意為“通常”。 2．A.bought B．cooked C．ruined D．wasted 解析：選C　句意：我很多朋友都知道我糟蹋過很多飯菜。buy意為“購買”； cook意為“做菜，烹飪”；ruin意為“破壞”；waste意為“浪費(fèi)”。 3．A.ment B．plain C．try D．a(chǎn)ccept 解析：選D　句意：當(dāng)我們要邀請一些人來的時候，他們想知道這次做飯我是否會進(jìn)廚房，然后再決定是否接受邀請。ment意為“評論”；plain意為“抱怨”；try意為“嘗試”；accept意為“接受”。 4．A.time B．money C．a(chǎn)ttraction D．joy 解析：選A　由后文的“l(fā)earning how to cook”及“visiting cooking websites”可知，我決定花些時間學(xué)做飯。time意為“時間”；money意為“金錢”；attraction意為“吸引力”；joy意為“喜悅，快樂”。 5．A.aimless B．hopeless C．bored D．worried 解析：選C　由前文“was discouraged by their lack of pictures”可知，我感到很無趣。aimless意為“無目的的”；hopeless意為“絕望的”；bored意為“無趣的，煩人的”；worried意為“擔(dān)心的”。 6．A.crops B．materials C．writers D．suppliers 解析：選B　由后文“to make what they were suggesting”可知，沒有他們建議做的食物的食材。crop意為“農(nóng)作物”；material意為“材料；原料”；writer意為“作者”；supplier意為“供應(yīng)商”。 7．A.Confused B．Disappointed C．Relaxed D．Delighted 解析：選B　通過前文“was discouraged”、“felt bored”及“didnt have any of the food materials”可知，作者非常失望。confused意為“困惑的，糊涂的”；disappointed意為“失望的”；relaxed意為“輕松的”；delighted意為“高興的，欣喜的”。 8．A.directions B．examples C．schedules D．descriptions 解析：選A　由后文“most foods provide on the package”可知，很多食物包裝袋給的說明書。directions意為“說明書”；example意為“范例，舉例”；schedule意為“進(jìn)度表”；description意為“描述”。 9．A.ambiguous B．a(chǎn)ccurate C．a(chǎn)ttractive D．useful 解析：選D　句意：誰知道它們會這么有用呢？ambiguous意為“含糊的”；accurate意為“正確的”；attractive意為“吸引人的”；useful意為“有用的”。 10．A.smoothly B．quickly C．wrong D．unexpected 解析：選A　由前文“I never would have improved my cooking skills without trying to get better ”可知，一切都進(jìn)展順利。smoothly意為“順利地；平穩(wěn)地”；quickly意為“快速地”；wrong意為“錯誤的”；unexpected意為“意外的；想不到的”。 11．A.courage B．practice C．energy D．effort 解析：選B　句意：就像學(xué)任何東西一樣，學(xué)做飯也是需要練習(xí)的。courage意為“勇氣，膽量”；practice意為“練習(xí)；實(shí)踐”；energy意為“能量；精神”；effort意為“努力”。 12．A.boiled B．tasted C．a(chǎn)bandoned D．burned 解析：選D　由前文“At first I undercooked the baked chicken ”及“after three attempts”可知，第二次我把雞肉烤焦了。boil意為“煮沸”；taste意為“品嘗；體驗(yàn)”；abandon意為“放棄”；burn意為“燃燒”。 13．A.gradually B．eventually C．a(chǎn)ppropriately D．particularly 解析：選B　句意：最后，經(jīng)過三次嘗試雞是能吃了，但是我最終還是忘記加調(diào)味了。根據(jù)語境可知這里表達(dá)煮菜的最后一個步驟。gradually意為“逐漸地”；eventually意為“最終”；appropriately意為“適當(dāng)?shù)亍?；particularly意為“特別地”。 14．A.delights B．experiences C．dreams D．classes 解析：選B　句意：曾經(jīng)那些煮菜的經(jīng)歷讓自己把菜成功燒出來了，現(xiàn)在我能夠做出最好吃的烤雞。delight意為“高興，快樂”；experience意為“經(jīng)歷”； dream意為“夢想”；class意為“班級，等級”。 15．A.enjoyed B．barbecued C．mastered D．rejected 解析：選C　根據(jù)前文的“made it”可知，我掌握烤雞的烹飪技能后。enjoy意為“享受”；barbecue意為“燒烤”；master意為“掌握；精通”；reject意為“拒絕”。 16．A.upset B．calmed C．shocked D．bothered 解析：選C　由后文“how watery everything came out”可知，東西濕濕地出來讓自己很吃驚。upset意為“弄翻；使……煩惱”；calm意為“使冷靜”；shock意為“使震驚”；bother意為“打擾”。 17．A.dry B．fry C．cool D．mix 解析：選A　前文的“watery”可知，我忘記把面條弄干了。dry意為“弄干”；fry意為“油炸，油煎”；cool意為“冷卻；平息”；mix意為“混合，相容”。 18．A.two B．several C．casual D．simple 解析：選A　前文烤雞“after three attempts”，這里用了only意味著比three要少。several意為“幾個”；casual意為“隨意的”；simple意為“簡單的”。 19．A.tendency B．a(chǎn)rrangement C．a(chǎn)genda D．recipe 解析：選D　句意：當(dāng)涉及建立自信的時候，要遵照下面的方法。tendency意為“趨勢”；arrangement意為“安排”；agenda意為“議事日程”；recipe意為“食譜，處方”。 20．A.aims B．procedures C．skills D．rules 解析：選C　句意：生活中建立自信就像烹飪一樣，在你成功之前你必須花時間去學(xué)習(xí)技能。aim意為“目標(biāo)”；procedure意為“程序”；skill意為“技能，技巧”；rule意為“規(guī)則”。 Ⅲ.任務(wù)型閱讀 (2020屆高三常州模擬)Weve been hearing feedback from our customers about the way we handle performance for iPhones with older batteries and how we have municated that process.We know that some of you feel Apple has let you down.We apologize.Theres been a lot of misunderstanding about this issue, so we would like to clarify and let you know about some changes were making. First and foremost, we have never — and would never — do anything to intentionally shorten the life of any Apple product, or degrade the user experience to drive customer upgrades.Our goal has always been to create products that our customers love, and making iPhones last as long as possible is an important part of that. All rechargeable batteries are consumable ponents that bee less effective as their ability to hold a charge reduces.Time and the number of times a battery has been charged are not the only factors in this chemical aging process. Device use also affects the performance of a battery over its lifespan.For example, leaving or charging a battery in a hot environment can cause a battery to age faster. A chemically aged battery bees less capable of delivering peak energy loads, especially in a low state of charge, which may lead to a device unexpectedly shutting itself down in some situations. It should go without saying that we think sudden, unexpected shutdowns are unacceptable.We dont want any of our users to lose a call, miss taking a picture or have any other part of their iPhone experience interrupted if we can avoid it. About a year ago in iOS 10.2.1, we delivered a software update that improves power management during peak workloads to avoid unexpected shutdowns on iPhone 6, iPhone 6 Plus, iPhone 6s, iPhone 6s Plus, and iPhone SE.With the update, iOS dynamically manages the maximum performance of some system ponents when needed to prevent a shutdown.While these changes may go unnoticed, in some cases users may experience longer launch times for apps and other reductions in performance. Of course, when a chemically aged battery is replaced with a new one, iPhone performance returns to normal when operated in standard conditions. To address our customers concerns, to recognize their loyalty and to regain the trust of anyone who may have doubted Apples intentions, weve decided to take the following steps： Apple is reducing the price of an outofwarranty iPhone battery replacement by ＄50 — from ＄79 to ＄29 — for anyone with an iPhone 6 or later whose battery needs to be replaced, starting in late January and available worldwide through December 2018. Early in 2018, we will issue an iOS software update with new features that give users more visibility into the health of their iPhones battery, so they can see for themselves if its condition is affecting performance. At Apple, our customers trust means everything to us.We will never stop working to earn and maintain it.We are able to do the work we love only because of your faith and support — and we will never forget that or take it for granted. Title: A Message to Our Customers about iPhone Batteries and Performance Subtitles Details (1)________ and promise We are sorry for letting you down. We never degrade user experience. How batteries (2)________ time times a battery has been charged (3)________ a device is used (4)________ of aged battery Our device may shut itself down unexpectedly, resulting (5)________ the poor capability of delivering peak energy loads. (6)________ of unexpected shutdowns A software update was delivered to improve power management by (7)________ the maximum performance of some system ponents, which (8)________ reduces their performance. Addressing customer concerns Well reduce the price of some battery replacement. Well issue an iOS software update, (9)________ customers to see for themselves if the (10)________ condition is affecting performance. 答案：1.Apology　2.age　3.how　4.Consequence　5.from 6．Prevention　7.managing　8.occasionally/sometimes 9．helping/enabling/allowing　10.batterys 檢測評價B卷 閱讀理解 A (2019無錫高三一模)Advertising is first journey marketing. Your only goal in advertising is to show enough gold to get people to want to be a prospect (期望). Forget about selling them anything. Then how do you show them the gold? Keys to effective advertising are as follows. Talk to one person, and call his/her name. On a crowded Manhattan street, elbowtoelbow with a sea of people, I still heard someone speak in a conversational voice — “Mark.” I turned my head around. Of course he was talking to someone else, but it still caught my attention. You need to speak to one person, and call his/her name. In marketing, the next best thing to a personal name is your Who and What. For example, “Golfers”＝who“have_knee_pain_affecting_their_swing？”＝what. Educate them in a helpful way. If you have room, take the time to explain one point that will help them with the problem they are facing. For smaller ads you can just point them towards a web page where you want to educate them about something helpful. For instance，“Most pain is actually caused by stress. Stopping the stress means decreasing or stopping the pain. Right now, just notice your knee pain. See if you can notice where your legs and hips feel tense, and breathe into the tension. As it relaxes, see how the pain feels.” If you have more space, you can go into more details. Offer a trade: their contact information for something valuable. “Of course, your knee pain isnt gone pletely. This is just a clue. If youd like a free article with illustrations on how to decrease knee pain and help your swing, just leave your contact information and you will be given an additional golf swing tip every week.” You can just follow this example. Finally, dont ignore design. Keep it simple. In a loud, overcrowded world, simplicity and straightforwardness have the best chance of being noticed. Use plenty of white space, easytoread front (字體), and avoid plicated patterns. Besides, you can try Robin Williams (not THAT Robin Williams) book, The NonDesigners Design Books. Maybe you can learn something from it. Have fun with your advertising! 1．Which of the following is a tip for advertising successfully? A．Call ones name whenever meeting with someone. B．Keep in mind that advertising is first journey marketing. C．Pay attention to design and keep it plicated if possible. D．Educate your potential customers about something helpful. 解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由Educate them in a helpful way部分的“For smaller ads you can just point them towards a web page where you want to educate them about something helpful.”可知，就一些小的廣告，你可以給他們一個網(wǎng)址，教育他們哪些是有用的。 2．How do you understand the underlined sentence in the passage? A．The golfers knee was hurt and he cant play golf any more. B．The golfer cant swing because of the knee pain and he needs treatment. C．The golfers knee pain was caused by stress and we should help him stop the stress. D．The golfer cant play golf any more and well speak to him and offer him some tips. 解析：選B　句意理解題。根據(jù)上一句可知在市場營銷的時候，你要注意針對某一個人，了解他是誰，需要什么。比如一個高爾夫隊(duì)員，就意味著有可能會由于膝蓋受損導(dǎo)致不能旋轉(zhuǎn)揮桿，因此就需要治療。 B It seems hard to watch someone yawn (打哈欠) and not to yawn ourselves. Even reading about yawning can make you do it. Now, a new study has found why yawning has such a powerful force. Yawning when others yawn, the study suggests, is a sign of pity and a form of social connection. Kids dont develop this deeply rooted behavior until around age four, the study found. Kids with autism (自閉癥) are less likely to catch yawns. In the most serious cases, they never do. Yawning might help doctors to see whether the children are developing rightly. The work could also lead to a better understanding of the ways that people municate and connect. “Emotional infection (傳染) seems to be a born thing that connects us together，” said Molly Helt, a graduate student in psychology at the University of Connecticut. “ Yawning may be part of that.” Inspiration for her study came when she tried to get her own autistic son to clear his ears on an airplane. She repeatedly yawned at him, hoping he would yawn back. He never did. “The fact that autistic kids dont do it might mean theyre really missing out on that emotional connection with people around them，” she said. “The biggest thing people try to figure out after birth is how we bee humans and understanding that humans have minds that are different from others，” she added. “Autistic people never seem to understand that.” Like infectious laughter and crying, scientists have found that yawning is a shared experience that promotes social connection. Helt said it could fight stress after a period of being nervous and spread a feeling of calm through a group. 語篇解讀：大家都知道打哈欠會在人與人之間傳染。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，打哈欠是人們之間一種情感交流的方式。 3．What does the new study suggest according to the first two paragraphs? A．It is easy to stop yawning when you see others yawn. B．Yawning has some mysterious force which is related to God. C．Children follow others into yawning just after they are born. D．Yawning is a form of munication. 解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一、二段的描述可知，打哈欠會傳染，這是人們有憐憫心的表現(xiàn)，也是社會聯(lián)系的一種表現(xiàn)形式，是人們交流的一種方式，故D項(xiàng)正確。 4．According to Molly Helt, ________. A．emotions are infectious, but yawning is not B．yawning helps clear ears on planes C．humans differ from animals because they municate with others D．yawning is a kind of emotional connection among humans 解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三、四段可知，Molly Helt從患有自閉癥的兒子不會受到傳染而打哈欠這件事中得到靈感，意識到打哈欠是人們之間的一種情感交流的方式，故選D項(xiàng)。 5．The author implies in the last paragraph that ________. A．it is bad manners to yawn on some social occasions B．yawning can make people feel relaxed C．yawning is different from infectious laughter and crying in theory D．the more you yawn, the happier you will be 解析：選B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知，打哈欠有抗壓的功效，還可以在團(tuán)隊(duì)中傳遞一種安寧的感覺。由此可推知，它能讓人感覺放松。 C (2019蘇北四市聯(lián)考)Id like to share a little story with you about something that happened when I was four. I remember it clearly. Our loving family dog was nearing the end of his life. My father p