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Unit 3 Life in the future (一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí) Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——————知其意 1．a(chǎn)spect n. 　　　　　　　　 方面；層面 2．timetable n. 時間表；時刻表 3．typist n. 打字員 4．tablet n. 藥片 5．steward n．[縱聯(lián)1] 乘務(wù)員；服務(wù)員 6．stewardess n. 女乘務(wù)員 7．mask n. 面具；面罩；偽裝 8．citizen n. 公民；居民；市民 9．ecology n. 生態(tài)；生態(tài)學(xué) 10．postage n. 郵資 11．receiver n. 接受者；接收器；電話聽筒 12．dustbin n. 垃圾箱 13．button n. 紐扣；按鈕 14．goods n．[縱聯(lián)2] 貨物 15．belt n. 腰帶；皮帶 16．motivation n. 動機(jī) Ⅱ.重點單詞——————寫其形 1．previous adj. 在前的；早先的 2．fasten vt. 系牢；扎牢 3．representative n. adj.[縱聯(lián)3] 4．flash vt.&vi. (使)閃光；(使)閃現(xiàn) 5．guide n. 指導(dǎo)；向?qū)?；?dǎo)游 vt. 指引；指導(dǎo) 6．lack vi.&vt. 缺乏；沒有 n. 缺乏；短缺的東西 7．switch n. 開關(guān)；轉(zhuǎn)換 vt. 轉(zhuǎn)換 8．optimistic adj. 樂觀(主義)的 9．material n. 原料；材料 10．recycle vt. 回收利用；再利用 11．greedy adj. 貪吃的；貪婪的；貪心的 12．swallow vt. 吞下；咽下 Ⅲ.拓展單詞——————通其變 1．tolerate vt.容忍；忍受→tolerance n．容忍 2．impression n．印象；感想；印記→impress vt.(使)留下深刻印象→impressive adj.給人深刻印象的 3．constant adj.時常發(fā)生的；連續(xù)不斷的→constantly adv.不斷地 4．surroundings n．周圍的事物；環(huán)境→surrounding adj.周圍的→surround vt.圍繞 5．a(chǎn)djustment n．調(diào)整；調(diào)節(jié)→adjust vt.調(diào)整；使適應(yīng) 6．press vi.&vt.按；壓；逼迫 n．按；壓；印刷；新聞→pressure n．壓力；擠壓；壓迫(感)[縱聯(lián)4] 7．instant n．瞬間；片刻adj.立即的；立刻的→instantly adv.馬上 8．settlement n．定居；解決→settle v．定居；解決 9．exhausted adj.筋疲力盡的；疲憊不堪的→exhaust vt.耗盡 10．uncertain adj.不確切的；無把握的→certain adj.確信的；有把握的→certainty n．確信 縱聯(lián)1.男女有別 　①　?、? ③ ④ 縱聯(lián)2.單復(fù)數(shù)意義不同的名詞集錦 ?、賕ood善行；好處 goods貨物 ②time時間 times時代 ③custom習(xí)慣；風(fēng)俗 customs海關(guān) ④instruction指導(dǎo) instructions用法說明 ⑤pain痛苦 pains辛苦；努力 ⑥sand沙子 sands沙灘 ⑦work工作 works作品 ⑧l(xiāng)ook臉色；看 looks容貌 縱聯(lián)3.后綴ive形容詞大觀園 ①representative典型的 ②impressive給人印象深刻的 ③creative創(chuàng)造性的 ④constructive建設(shè)性的 ⑤expensive昂貴的 ⑥active積極的 ⑦descriptive描述的 ⑧attractive吸引人的 縱聯(lián)4.不一樣的“press” ①press v．按；壓 ②pressure n．壓力 ③express vt.表達(dá) ④impression n．印象 ⑤impress vt.(使)留下深刻印象 ⑥expression n．表達(dá) 單元話題——未來生活 子話題1　生活住所 ①arrangement n．安排；布置 ②flat n．公寓 ③roof n．屋頂；最高處 ④ceiling n．天花板 ⑤lift n．電梯 ⑥garage n．車庫 ⑦balcony n．陽臺 ⑧basement n．地下室 ⑨storey n．樓層 ⑩intelligent adj.智能的 子話題2　家具及陳設(shè) ①decorate v．裝飾；布置 ②cupboard n．碗柜；食櫥 ③drawer n．抽屜 ④shelf n．架子 ⑤vase n．花瓶 ⑥carpet n．地毯 ⑦automatic adj.自動化的 ⑧armchair n．扶手椅 ⑨bench n．長凳；工作臺 ⑩couch n．睡椅；長沙發(fā) ?furnish vt.布置；為……配備家具 [學(xué)考對接活學(xué)活用] 高考采擷(一)　閱讀中的詞匯應(yīng)用 1．(2016江蘇高考閱讀D)It didn’t take long for ShellyAnn to realize that sports could be her way out of Waterhouse. On a summer evening in Beijing in 2008, all those long, hard hours of work and mitment finally bore fruit. The barefoot kid who just a few years previously? had been living in poverty, __?__ (surround) by criminals and violence, had written a new chapter in the history of sports. ①寫出加彩詞在本單元的同根形容詞：previous，意為“先前的” ②用surround的適當(dāng)形式填空：surrounded 2．(2016江蘇高考閱讀D)Stephen Francis observed then eighteenyearold ShellyAnn at a track meet and was convinced that he had seen the beginnings of true greatness. Her times were not exactly impressive?， but even so, he sensed there was something trying to get out, something the other coaches had overlooked when they had assessed her and found her ___?__ (lack). ①impressive在此處意為“給人印象深刻的”，寫出它在本單元的同根名詞：impression ②用lack的適當(dāng)形式填空：lacking，此時用作形容詞，意為“缺乏的；不足的” 高考采擷(二)　寫作中的詞匯應(yīng)用 (根據(jù)漢語及提示詞翻譯句子) 1．(20186月浙江高考寫作)我精通英語，并有陪伴外國朋友的經(jīng)驗。我的確相信我能擔(dān)任這項志愿者工作并作為你的向?qū)А?guide) I_have_a_good_mand_of_English,_and_also_have_some_experience_in_acpanying_foreign_friends._I_do_believe_I_am_suited_for_this_voluntary_work_and_can_serve_as_your_guide. 2．(2016江蘇高考書面表達(dá))此外，網(wǎng)絡(luò)投票使得即時反饋(feedback)成為可能。(instant) Furthermore,_voting_on_the_Internet_makes_instant_feedback_possible. 3．(2013廣東高考寫作)在一些專家的眼中，火星上的生活條件難以忍受。(tolerate) In_some_experts’_opinion,_living_conditions_on_the_Mars_are_very_hard_to_tolerate. (二)課堂重點釋疑 1．tolerate vt.容忍；忍受 [記牢] (1)tolerate (sb.) doing sth.　　 容忍/忍受(某人)做某事 (2)tolerance n. 寬容；容忍；忍受 tolerant adj. 寬容的；容忍的 [練通]　單句語法填空 ①I can’t tolerate working (work) with Kate in the same office. She just refuses to stop talking while she works. ②Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a tolerant (tolerate) smile and let him go. [寫美]　詞匯升級 ③When he went abroad, he found the new surroundings hard to bear.(升級加彩詞匯) →When he went abroad, he found the new surroundings hard to tolerate/put_up_with. [聯(lián)想]　“容忍；忍受”的種種表達(dá) ①tolerate vt.　 忍受　　 ②bear vt.　　　 忍受 ③stand vt. 忍受 ④put up with 忍受；容忍 2．lack vt.&vi.缺乏；沒有n.缺乏；短缺的東西 [記牢] (1)for lack of　　　　　　　　 因缺乏…… a lack of 缺乏…… (2)lacking adj. 短缺的；缺乏的 be lacking in 缺少…… [練通]　單句語法填空 ①For lack of human protection, the number of Yangtze finless porpoise is being smaller and smaller. ②Though lacking (lack) money, his parents managed to send him to a university. ③While college graduates plain of a lack of available jobs, factories are facing difficulties in hiring workers. [用準(zhǔn)]　lack作名詞時常與介詞of連用；作動詞時可作及物動詞直接加賓語(不能用于被動語態(tài)和進(jìn)行時)，也可作不及物動詞，后常與介詞for連用；形容詞lacking常與in連用。 [寫美]　句式升級 ④Though Jack was lacking in experience, he made up for it in enthusiasm. →Though_lacking_in_experience,_Jack made up for it in enthusiasm.(省略句) 3．press vi.&vt.按；壓；逼迫n.按；壓；印刷；新聞 [記牢] (1)press ...against/to ...　 把……壓/擠/貼在…… press sb.to do sth. 極力勸說/敦促某人做某事 (2)pressure n. 壓(力)；壓強(qiáng)；強(qiáng)制 put pressure on ... 給……施壓 under pressure 面臨壓力；受到壓力 [練通]　單句語法填空 ①Pressed (press) by my friends, I decided to seize the opportunity. ②Out of curiosity, the little girl pressed her nose against the shop window. ③(2018江蘇高考)The report said they also faced pressure (press) to respond to messages at all hours of the day — especially at secondary school when more youngsters have mobile phones. [寫美]　 翻譯句子 ④無論你面臨多少壓力，都不要半途放棄。 No_matter_how_much_pressure_you_are_under,_you_will_never_give_up_halfway. 4．instant n．瞬間；片刻adj.立即的；立刻的 [記牢] (1)in an instant＝instantly　　　　　 立刻；馬上 for an instant 一瞬間；頃刻 一……就…… [練通]　單句語法填空 ①He paused for an instant before continuing. ②In an instant, he took off his coat and jumped into the water. [寫美]　一句多譯 讓我非常驚訝的是，她一讀那封信就哭了起來。 ③Much to my surprise, she burst into tears the_instant/instantly she read the letter. ④Much to my surprise, on_reading_the_letter,_she burst out crying.(on) [詞匯過關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練]　 Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．If a student lacks (缺乏) the motivation to study, he will quickly bee tired of studying. 2．Their boss is strict and won’t tolerate (容忍) any mistakes in their daily work. 3．As a diligent student, he is greedy (渴望的) for success. 4．They recycle (循環(huán)利用)their garbage because they care about the environment. 5．Teachers think highly of Alice, because she is_constantly (不斷地) working hard. 6．My sister is optimistic (樂觀的) about her chance of winning the English speech contest. 7．Cities are usually warmer than surrounding (周圍的) rural areas, so it’s wise to live in cities in winter. 8．The new school year is right around the corner, but the adjustment (調(diào)整) to returning to school may take a few weeks. 9．I typed the report by myself, for the only_typist (打字員) took a day off. 10．Using an iPad, we can listen to music, download lots of learning materials (材料) and read them. Ⅱ.單句語法填空 1．As far as I know, our English teacher as well as other teachers never tolerates cheating (cheat) in the exams. 2．The greedy boss pressed his workers to_work (work) 16 hours a day. 3．Guided (guide) by the sun, they walked towards their destination through the woods. 4．All passengers on board are expected to_fasten (fasten) the seat belts when the plane takes off and lands. 5．Your art skills are excellent and admirable, which leave me a deep impression (impress)． 6．After the explosion the army blocked the surrounding (surround) area and forbad anyone to enter it. Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子/一句多譯 1．由于缺乏自信心，琳達(dá)沒參加詩歌比賽。(lack) Linda didnt take part in the poetry petition for_lack_of_confidence. 2．請你一到云南就給我發(fā)電子郵件。(the instant/instantly) Please send me an email the_instant/instantly_you_reach_Yunnan. 3．我總是夢想著擁有一座被樹木和鮮花環(huán)繞的房子。(surround) I am always dreaming of having a house surrounded_by/with_trees_and_flowers. 4．在一位當(dāng)?shù)卮迕竦膸ьI(lǐng)下，我們最終找到了那座古老的城堡。(guide) ①We were_guided_by_a_local_villager,_and finally found the ancient castle.(并列句) ②Guided_by_a_local_villager,_we finally found the ancient castle.(分詞作狀語) ③With_a_local_villager_guiding_us,_we finally found the ancient castle.(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)) Ⅳ.語境辨義 根據(jù)語境選出guide的詞性和詞義 (A)n.指南；手冊　　　(B)n.導(dǎo)游；向?qū)? (C)vt.指引 (D)vt.指導(dǎo)；影響 1．She guided us through the busy streets to the museum.__C__ 2．Lets have a look at the TV guide and see whats on.__A__ 3．We hired a local guide to get us across the mountains.__B__ 4．He was always guided by his religious beliefs.__D__ (一)課前自主學(xué)習(xí) 1．take_up [串記1]　 　　 拿起；接受；開始；繼續(xù)；占用；從事 2．(a)_lack_of 缺乏…… 3．be_back_on_one’s_feet (困境后)恢復(fù)；完全復(fù)原 4．lose_sight_of_... 看不見…… 5．sweep_up 打掃；橫掃 6．slide_into (快捷而悄聲地)移動；溜進(jìn)…… 7．speed_up 加速 8．remind_sb.of_... 使某人想起……；提醒某人…… 9．in_all_directions 向四面八方 10．suffer_from [串記2] 患有(疾病等)；遭受 [同根短語串記] 串記1.常見的“動詞＋up”短語掃描 ①take up拿起；接受　　　　　 ②keep up保持；維持 ③set up建造；創(chuàng)立 ④bring up教育；培養(yǎng) ⑤build up建立；增強(qiáng) ⑥turn up出現(xiàn)；露面 ⑦clear up整理；(天空)放晴 ⑧hold up舉起；耽擱 串記2.“v.＋from”短語薈萃 ①suffer from遭受 ②result from由于；起因于 ③hear from收到……的來信 ④escape from從……逃脫 ⑤benefit from從……中獲益 ⑥die from死于…… ⑦date from始于；起源于 1．be described as ... 被描述成…… 2．be stored on ... 被存儲在…… 3．be optimistic about 對……樂觀的 4．a(chǎn)s a result 結(jié)果；因此 5．be greedy for ... 對……貪婪的 6．fall fast asleep 很快入睡 7．be similar to 與……相似 8．show sb. around/round_ 帶領(lǐng)某人參觀 1．At first my new surroundings were_difficult_to_tolerate. 開始的時候，新的環(huán)境讓我難以忍受。 2．Hit_by_a_lack_of_fresh_air,_my head ached. 由于缺乏新鮮空氣，我感到頭痛。 3．However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions. 可是，當(dāng)我們到達(dá)一個看上去像大市場的地方時，由于太多氣墊車朝四面八方飛奔，我看不見王平了。 4．Exhausted,_I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. 我感到累極了，爬上床很快就睡著了。 [學(xué)考對接活學(xué)活用] 高考采擷(一)　閱讀中的短語(詞匯替換/補(bǔ)全句子) 1．(2017全國卷Ⅰ語法填空) Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required to process the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.(用本單元短語替換加黑詞)be_back_on_our_feet 2．(2015浙江高考閱讀C)In a very real sense, light pollution causes us to lose_sight_of (看不見) our true place in the universe. 3．(2014江蘇高考任務(wù)型閱讀)This type of influence can also get a friend off drugs, or to help an adult take_up (開始) a good habit or drop a bad one. 高考采擷(二)　寫作中的短語和句式(補(bǔ)全句子) 1．(2013四川高考書面表達(dá))很明顯，一個好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣可以幫助我們加速達(dá)到我們的目標(biāo)。 Obviously, a good learning habit can help us to_speed_up_to_reach_our_destinations. 2．(2015湖南高考寫作)得知我所處的境況后，我的老師Michael鼓勵我勇敢自信地走出困境。(what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句) After learning what_situation_I_was_in,_my teacher, Michael, encouraged me to step out of trouble bravely and confidently. (二)課堂重點釋疑 [短語集釋] 1．take up占用(時間)；占據(jù)(空間)；繼續(xù)；開始；接受；拿起；從事 [辨清]　寫出下列句中take up的含義 ①We tried to find a table for seven, but they were all taken up.占據(jù) ②I put the telephone down and took up my work again.繼續(xù) ③(2015陜西高考)Peter will take up his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.從事 ④I’m going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing. 接受 [記牢] take off　　　　　 脫掉(衣服等)；起飛；事業(yè)騰飛 take over 接管；獲得對……的控制或管理 take down 寫下；記下；拆除 take in 吸收；接納；領(lǐng)會；欺騙 take on 呈現(xiàn)；雇用；承擔(dān)；從事 [練通]　選用上述短語填空 ⑤With the development of science and technology, our country has taken_on a new look. ⑥The house where I grew up has been taken_down and replaced by an office building. [寫美]　詞匯升級 ⑦He didn’t understand what he read because his mind was focused on something else.(升級加彩詞匯) →He didn’t take_in what he read because his mind was focused on something else. 2．lose sight of ...看不見……；忽略…… [記牢] (1)catch sight of　　　　　 望見；看到 lose one’s sight 失明 e into sight 進(jìn)入視野內(nèi)；映入眼簾 (2)at first sight 乍一看 at the sight of 看到 out of sight 看不到 in/within sight 在視野內(nèi) [練通]　選用上述短語填空 ①They fell in love at_first_sight,_and three months later, they got married. ②Only a shortsighted man will lose_sight_of the importance of education. ③At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was out_of_sight. [寫美]　詞匯升級 ④I saw her getting on the bus when I came out of the store.(升級加彩詞匯) →I caught_sight_of her getting on the bus when I came out of the store. 3．speed up加速 [記牢] (1)reduce speed＝slow down　　　 減速 pick up speed 逐漸加速 (2)at high/low/full/top speed 以高/低/全/最高速 at a speed of ... 以……速度 [練通]　單句語法填空 ①(2017全國卷Ⅰ)The instructor kept repeating the words, “Speed up！” “Slow down！” “Turn left！” ②Our physics teacher said that light travels at a speed of 300,000km per second. ③Once outside the station, the train began to pick up speed. [用準(zhǔn)]　speed的過去式、 過去分詞有兩種形式： speeded, speeded或sped, sped。 [寫美]　 翻譯句子 ④現(xiàn)代發(fā)明大大加速了人們的生活節(jié)奏。 Modern_inventions_have_greatly_speeded_up_people’s_pace_of_life. [句式集釋] 1．過去分詞短語作狀語 [教材原句]　Hit_by_a_lack_of_fresh_air,_my head ached. [悟拓展例句] (1)Offered (offer) an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to bee famous. (2)Located (locate) in the central district, the Xi’an Hotel offers the best service with the lowest price. (3)(2016北京高考)Ordered (order) over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now. [析用法規(guī)則] (1)過去分詞或過去分詞短語作狀語時，可以表示時間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、方式、伴隨等。 (2)過去分詞的邏輯主語一般與句子主語一致。 (3)過去分詞表示的動作與句子的主語之間為被動關(guān)系。 [背寫作佳句] (1)Amazed at how skillful they were, I determined to be just as good.(要點句) (2)(2018全國卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))Shown this Sunday afternoon, the film will last two hours.(要點句) 2．形容詞(短語)作狀語 [教材原句]　Exhausted,_I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. [悟拓展例句] (1)To our relief, the missing child returned home ten days later, tired but healthy (health)． (2)Surprised (surprise) and happy, he stood up and accepted the prize. (3)The boy lay on the sofa, relaxed (relax)． [析用法規(guī)則] 用法歸納 形容詞(短語)作狀語可以表示方式、原因或伴隨狀況等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗號與句子其他成分隔開。 注意事項 形容詞(短語)作狀語時常用來說明句子主語的狀態(tài)，即和主語?？蓸?gòu)成系表關(guān)系。如果用來修飾句子的謂語動詞或整個句子，則應(yīng)用副詞作狀語。 [背寫作佳句] (1)(2016全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))Worried about making mistakes, I’m writing to bother you to correct the words and format in the material I attach to the letter.(開頭句) (2)Too nervous, I couldn’t think of anything at the beginning of the exam. However, I didn’t worry but tried to calm myself down.(要點句) [詞塊、句式過關(guān)綜合訓(xùn)練]　 Ⅰ.選詞填空 1．Sue_slid_into_the office of Mr. Brown and took the important papers away. 2．Mary swept_up all the broken glass before her mother came back home after work. 3．Because Susan was in France at that time, her youngest sister took_up the prize in place of her. 4．Many countries are faced with the problem about how to speed_up economic development. 5．I took a careful search in the crowds at the exit of the station, but I still lost_sight_of my cousin. 6．Her father fell off the truck and was able to be_back_on_his_feet after two weeks’ treatment in the hospital. Ⅱ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子/一句多譯 1．他想知道經(jīng)理在會議上說了些什么。(what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句) He wanted to know what_the_manager_had_said at the meeting. 2．又累又渴，他走進(jìn)一家茶館，一個機(jī)器人服務(wù)員迅速過來招待他。(形容詞作狀語) Tired_and_thirsty,_he went into a teahouse and a robot waiter quickly came up to serve him. 3．從高層建筑物上看，公園看上去更漂亮。 ①When_it_is_seen_from the top of the high building, the park looks even more beautiful. (時間狀語從句) ②Seen_from the top of the high building, the park looks even more beautiful.(分詞作狀語) ③Seeing_from the top of the high building, I find the park even more beautiful.(分詞作狀語) 4．這個看似很難的問題其實很容易回答。(be＋adj.＋to do) The question that/which seems difficult is_actually_easy_to_answer. Ⅲ.概要寫作 閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。 There is a difference between simple and easy. The greatest things in life are all about simplicity. The most powerful advice of realizing your dreams is also the simplest and consists of only two words: be yourself. It is simple and powerful, yet it may not be easy. Most of us, since our childhood, have been conditioned out of trusting our own innate (先天的) powers. We were taught to correspond to expectations others had about us, and told that feeling the way we feel and acting the way we do were not all right. Though we have our own thinking and feeling, most of us give in to the pressure of our surroundings. Once we lose trust in our power to create whatever we want in our lives, we believe our own powerlessness. As a consequence, we do not ask ourselves what we truly want in life, but instead do what we are obliged to do as everyone else is doing it as well. Also, we will blame others and circumstances for everything in our life we consider bad. This is another way of giving away our power. But being simple can be very challenging as it is pletely out of what most of us have known ourselves to be. Having disconnected from our true nature, fear begins to dominate our experience. It arises when we doubt our power as feeling powerless makes us feel threatened — the source of fear. So instead of creating our life according to our deepest desires, we have bee accustomed to living just for survival. Bad emotions prevent us feeling and being who we truly are and tear us down. But all of them can actually bee the greatest fuel for our growth and development if we simply choose to no longer let it define us. Open up to all within us without feeling powerless and unworthy and a new version of us is born. When we feel ourselves being drawn into conflict, just remember the simple truth of our being: simply be with everything we experience and watch it be transformed into love and power. [寫作步驟] 第一步：歸納主旨大意 主旨大意：本文是議論文。我們應(yīng)該簡化自己的生活，尊重自己內(nèi)心所想所需，這樣我們的生活才會變得更美好。 短文結(jié)構(gòu)分析：全文分為四個部分。 第一部分(第一段)：實現(xiàn)夢想很簡單——活出你自己； 第二部分(第二、三段)：活出自己簡單但不易做到； 第三部分(第四段)：恐懼使簡單的東西實現(xiàn)起來有挑戰(zhàn)性； 第四部分(第五段)：如何活出真實的自己。 第二步：提煉關(guān)鍵詞 Part 1： 1.The most powerful advice of realizing_your_dreams is also the simplest and consists of only two words: be_yourself. Part 2： 2.It is simple and powerful, yet it may not_be_easy. 3．Though we have our own thinking and feeling, most of us give_in_to_the_pressure of our surroundings. Part 3： 4.But being_simple can be very challenging as it is pletely out of what most of us have known ourselves to be. 5．Fear_arises when we doubt_our_power as feeling powerless makes us feel threatened. Part 4： 6.Open_up_to_all_within_us without feeling powerless and unworthy and a new version of us is born. 7．When we feel ourselves being drawn into conflict, just remember the simple truth of our being. 第三步：合并和改寫 1．要點1(要點句) 改寫：Realizing_your_dreams is simple: be yourself. 2．要點2和3 合并：It is not easy to be ourselves as most of us give in to the pressure of our surroundings. 改寫：It is hard to be ourselves as we may be affected by the pressure of our surroundings. 3．要點4和5 合并：Being simple can be very challenging because we doubt our power. 改寫：Being simple can be very challenging because_of our doubt about our power. 4．要點6和7 合并：We should open up to all within us without feeling powerless and unworthy and remember the simple truth of our being. 改寫：We should try to be who_we_are and remember the simple truth of our being. 第四步：核查成文 核查連貫性，優(yōu)先考慮使用最短連接詞；核查標(biāo)點和語法；核查詞數(shù)。最終成文如下： Realizing your dreams is simple: be yourself. (要點1)However, it is hard to be ourselves as we may be affected by the pressure of our surroundings.(要點2)Being simple can be very challenging because of our doubt about our power. (要點3)Despite this, we should try to be who we are and remember the simple truth of our being. (要點4) 理清段落結(jié)構(gòu)之(五)　呼應(yīng) 所謂呼應(yīng)是指在開頭和結(jié)尾的內(nèi)容上有極其密切的關(guān)系，是對同一情況做出解釋、說明、交代的。呼應(yīng)可以使文章渾然一體，更具有突出的作用。呼應(yīng)之處一般是文章要重點強(qiáng)調(diào)的內(nèi)容，也是文章主旨所在，利用這種呼應(yīng)關(guān)系，可解閱讀類題目中的主旨及前后照應(yīng)型題目。 [高考典例1]　2018全國卷ⅡD篇 文章開頭用描述現(xiàn)象引出“small talk”的重要性 文章結(jié)尾以研究報告的結(jié)論再次強(qiáng)調(diào)了“small talk”的重要性 [1]We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the unfortable silence. [2]What’s the problem? It’s possible that we all have promised conversational intelligence. It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging, or we th