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1、2020學(xué)年人教版英語精品資料 A卷　學(xué)業(yè)水平達(dá)標(biāo) 【說明】　本試卷滿分120分，考試時間100分鐘 Ⅰ.閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分) A Researchers believe that the insect is better at managing congestion (擁擠) than humans.Ants are the most numerous type of animal on Earth with brains that contain about 250,000 cells — the largest among insects.

2、 Now collective intelligence expert Dr.Dirk Helbing says understanding more about ants could help solve one of the headaches of modern life — road congestion. His team set up an “ant motorway” with two routes of different widths from the nest to some sugar syrup (糖漿). Soon the narrower route became

3、 congested. But when an ant returning along the congested route to the nest collided with another ant just starting out, the returning ant pushed the newcomer onto the other path. However, if the returning ant had enjoyed a trouble­free journey it did not redirect the newcomer. The result was

4、that just before the shortest route became clogged the ants were diverted (轉(zhuǎn)移) to another route and traffic jams never formed. The researchers also created a computer model of more complex ant networks with routes of different lengths. The team found that even though ants being rerouted sometimes t

5、ook a longer route, they still got to the food quickly and efficiently. Dr.Helbing, of the Dresden University of Technology in Germany, said that while you cannot allow cars to collide with vehicles coming in the opposite direction as a form of traffic control, you could do the next best thing and

6、allow them to communicate. His plan is to force cars traveling in one direction to tell oncoming vehicles what traffic conditions they are about to encounter — so they can take evasive (回避的) action if necessary. 1．The first paragraph implies that________. A．a(chǎn)nts are clever and good at dealing wit

7、h traffic jams because of developed brain function B．a(chǎn)nts have a special way to manage congestion C．insects are similar to animals in dealing with traffic jams because of developed brain function D．insects have more advantages than humans 解析：選A　在昆蟲中螞蟻大腦的細(xì)胞最多，所以比較聰明，擅長處理交通問題。 2．The underlined wo

8、rd “clogged” can be replaced by ________ in the following four words. A．cleaned　　　　　　　　 　B．crowded C．narrowed D．shortened 解析：選B　語境為：在最近的路線變得擁堵之前，螞蟻就轉(zhuǎn)向了另外一條路線，如此，“交通堵塞”永遠(yuǎn)不會出現(xiàn)。由此可知畫線詞為“擁擠”之意。 3．If an ant returns along the crowded route to the nest, how will the ant solve the traffic problem? A．

9、The ant will change the direction of its own. B．The ant will stop the newcomer from moving ahead and force the newcomer to wait here patiently. C．The ant can’t redirect the newcomer. D．The ant will push the newcomer to the other route, so traffic jams won’t form. 解析：選D　由第三段的第三句話可知答案。 4．What’s t

10、he advice that Dr.Helbing gives us? A．The cars cannot be allowed to communicate with vehicles coming in the opposite direction. B．The cars can communicate with vehicles in the same direction. C．The cars travel in one direction and tell oncoming vehicles about the traffic conditions. D．We should

11、build more routes of different lengths and widths. 解析：選C　由最后一段可知答案。 B How can a parent help to foster healthy self­esteem in a child? Here are some tips that can make a big difference： Watch what you say. Children are very sensitive to parents’ words. Remember to praise your child not only

12、for a job well done, but also for effort.But be truthful. For example, if your child doesn’t make the soccer team, avoid saying something like, “Well, next time you’ll work harder and make it.” Instead, say something like “Well you didn’t make the team, but I’m really proud of the effort you put int

13、o it.” Be a positive role model. If you are excessively harsh (嚴(yán)酷的) on yourself, pessimistic, or unrealistic about your abilities and limitations. Your child may eventually mirror you. Raise your own self­esteem, and your child will have a great role model. Identify and redirect your child’s

14、inaccurate beliefs. It’s important for parents to identify kids’ irrational beliefs about themselves, whether they are about perfection, attractiveness, ability, or anything else. Helping your child set more accurate standards and be more realistic in evaluating himself or herself will help your chi

15、ld have a more healthy self­concept. For example, a child who does very well in school but struggles with math may say, “I can’t do math. I’m a bad student.” Not only is this a false generalization, but it’s also a belief that will set your child up for failure. Encourage your child to see the

16、situation in its true light. A helpful response might be：“You are a good student. You do well in school. Math is just a subject that you need to spend more time on. We’ll work on it together.” Help your child become involved in constructive experiences. Activities that encourage cooperation rather

17、than competition are especially helpful in fostering self­esteem. For example, mentoring (輔導(dǎo)的) programs in which an older child helps a younger one learn to read can do wonders for both children. 5．The passage mainly gives advice on________. A．how to set up a good parent­child relation

18、 B．how to raise your child’s self­esteem C．how to make a difference to your child’s life D．how to help your child set up healthy self­esteem 解析：選D　主旨大意題。綜觀全文，特別是從文章第一段可知，本文介紹的是應(yīng)該怎樣培養(yǎng)孩子健康的自尊心而不是提高孩子的自尊心。因此不選B。 6．According to the passage, you can praise your child________. A．only when h

19、e succeeds B．if he has tried his best C．whether he succeeds or fails D．for his effort instead of good outcome 解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一部分介紹表揚(yáng)孩子不僅因?yàn)樗龅煤?，還要表揚(yáng)他付出的努力。 7．In order to set a good role model, a parent should be________. A．very strict with himself or herself B．confident of his or her own abili

20、ty C．optimistic and realistic D．blind to his or her limitation 解析：選C　推理判斷題。從文章第二部分判斷，父母如果太嚴(yán)酷，太悲觀以及不切實(shí)際都會對孩子造成不良影響。 8．The underlined word “irrational” in part three probably means “________”． A．unreasonable　　　　　 　B．unclear C．doubtful D．practical 解析：選A　詞義猜測題。從單詞所在句后面的句子“要幫助孩子樹立正確的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，要讓他/她對自己有

21、現(xiàn)實(shí)的評價”可推出，單詞的意思與后文表達(dá)的意思相反，因此單詞的意思是“不合理的”。 C Life is difficult. It is a great truth because once we truly understand and accept it. Then life is no longer difficult. Most do not fully see this truth. Instead they complain about their problems and difficulties as if life should be easy. It seems t

22、o them that difficulties represent a special kind of suffering especially forced upon them or else upon their families, their class, or even their nation. What makes life difficult is that the process of facing and solving problems is a painful one. Problems, depending on their nature, cause us sad

23、ness or, loneliness or regret or anger or fear. These are uncomfortable feelings, often as painful as any kind of physical pain. And since life causes an endless series of problems, life is always difficult and is full of pain as well as joy. Yet, it is in this whole process of solving problems th

24、at life has its meaning. Problems are the serious test that tells us success from failure. When we desire to encourage the growth of human spirit, we encourage the human ability to solve problems, just as in school we set problems for our children to solve. It is through the pain of meeting and work

25、ing out problems that we learn. As Benjamin Franklin said, “Those things that hurt, instruct.” It is for this reason that wise people learn not to fear but to welcome the pain of problems. 9．From the passage, it can be inferred that ________. A．everybody has problems B．we become stronger by meeti

26、ng and solving the problems of life C．life is difficult because our problems bring us pain D．people like to complain about their problems 解析：選B　推理判斷題。文章告訴了人們這樣一個道理：生活是艱難的，但艱難的生活是有意義的。 10．The main idea of paragraph three is that ________. A．most people feel life is easy B．the writer feels life

27、is easy C．the writer likes to complain about his problems D．most people complain about how hard their lives are 解析：選D　主旨大意題。從第三段的第一句和第二句話得出答案：人們經(jīng)常抱怨生活的艱辛。 11．The saying from Benjamin Franklin “Those things that hurt, instruct” suggest that ________. A．we do not learn from experience B．we do no

28、t learn when we are pain C．pain teaches us important lessons D．pain cannot be avoided 解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文中的“It is through the pain of meeting and working out problems that we learn”一句話可以得出答案。 12．What kind of feeling is not caused by problems? A．Sadness and fear. B．Loneliness and anger. C．Regret an

29、d pain. D．Other problems and joy. 解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段可知，問題可以帶給人們sadness，loneliness，regret，anger或fear以及pain，但卻不會給人們帶來快樂。 D (新課標(biāo)全國卷Ⅰ) The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge Dare to Take the Curiosity Challenge! The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF) is pleased to inform you of the sixth

30、 annual Curiosity Challenge. The challenge invites, even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity and how it inspires them to explore their world. Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo

31、or write a poem that shows what they are curious about. To enter the challenge, all artwork or pieces of writing should be sent to the Cambridge Science Festival, MIT Museum, 265 Mass Avenue, Cambridge 02139 by Friday, February 8th. Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as win

32、ners will be honored at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21st. Guest speakers will also present prizes to the students. Winning entries will be published in a book. Student entries will be exhibited and prizes will be given. Families of those who take part will be included in the c

33、elebration and brunch will be served. Between March 10th and March 15th, each winner will be given the specifics of the closing ceremony and the Curiosity Challenge celebration. The program guidelines and other related information are available at：http：//cam­bridgesciencefestival. org. 語篇解讀：

34、本文介紹了劍橋科學(xué)節(jié)好奇心挑戰(zhàn)活動的相關(guān)信息。 13．Who can take part in the Curiosity Challenge? A．School students. B．Cambridge locals. C．CSF winners. D．MIT artists. 解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章第一段第二句“The challenge invites，even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to ...”可知，該項(xiàng)目是讓學(xué)生來參賽的。 14．When will the prize­

35、giving ceremony be held? A．On February 8th. B．On March 10th. C．On March 15th. D．On April 21st. 解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的前兩句可知，4月21日將舉行一個頒獎活動，為獲獎?wù)哳C獎。 15．What type of writing is this text? A．An exhibition guide. B．An art show review. C．An announcement. D．An official report. 解析：選C　主旨大意題。本文介紹了劍橋科學(xué)節(jié)好

36、奇心挑戰(zhàn)活動的目的、參賽者的情況、頒獎的時間、提交作品的日期等，由此可判斷本文是一則通知。 Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分) Although problems are a part of our lives, it certainly doesn’t mean that we let them rule our lives forever. One day or the other, you’ll have to stand up and say — problem, I don’t want you in my life. __16__ Problems with

37、friends, parents, girlfriends, husbands, and children — the list goes on. Apart from these, the inner conflicts within ourselves work, too. These keep adding to our problems. Problems come in different shapes, colors and feelings. But good news is that all problems can be dealt with. Now read on to

38、 know how to solve your problems. Talk about your problems. What most of us think is that our problem can be understood only by us and that no talking is going to help. __17__ Talking helps you move on and let go. Write your problems. __18__ When you write down your problems, you are setting free

39、 all the tension from your system. You can try throwing away the paper on which you wrote your problems. By doing this, imagine yourself throwing away the problems from your life. Don’t lose faith and hope. No matter what you lose in life, don’t lose faith and hope. Even if you lose all your money,

40、 family ... you should still have faith. __19__ Your problems aren’t the worst. No matter what problem you get in life, there’re another one million people whose problems are huger than yours.__20__ Your problems might just seem big and worse, but in reality they can be removed. Go about and solve

41、 your problems because every problem，however big or small, always has a way out. A. But the truth is that when you talk about it, you’re setting free the negative energies that have been gathering within you. B．When we have a pressing, critical, urgent, and life­threatening problem, how do we

42、 try to solve it? C．Tell yourself: when they can deal with them, why can’t I? D．Of course, we’ve been fighting troubles ever since we were born. E．We can often overcome the problem and achieve the goal by making a direct attack. F．Having a personal diary can also be of huge help if you don’t wan

43、t a real person to talk with. G．With faith and hope, you can rebuild everything that you lose. 答案：16～20　DAFGC Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分) I remember a very special doctor named William R．Vincent. When I was eight years old I was with a(n) __21__ heart problem and I needed heart operation. My mom

44、 did not have the __22__ to have it done, but without the operation I __23__ not live to be 13 years old. After __24__ in touch with several organizations, Dr Vincent was __25__ to get financial (金融的) help for me. Dr Vincent was very __26__ and caring. I remember when I was in the hospital for a _

45、_27__ before operation, I was crying loudly. So the medical workers __28__ Dr Vincent to calm me down, and he was able to __29__ me when no one else could. __30__ the time came for me to have heart operation; there was a fifty­percent chance that I would not make it through the operation. __31_

46、_ I was only the second or third person to have it.I was really __32__， and again Dr Vincent reassured me he would see to it that __33__ would be all right. Fortunately, the operation was __34__ painful but very successful. Dr Vincent came to see me and __35__ me a lovely animal. I was so surprised

47、 to get this __36__ from Dr Vincent; I gave him a hug. I had a wonderful doctor who __37__ the time to help a scared little girl who felt all __38__. This was 28 years ago, but wherever Dr Vincent are, I want to thank him for not only __39__ my life, but helping me live a(n) __40__ productive life.

48、 21．A.serious　　　　　 　B．deadly C．heavy D．strange 解析：選A　從下文中“I needed heart operation”的情況看，這里是“serious heart problem”。其中deadly“致命的”；heavy“沉重的”；strange“奇怪的”，這些意思均不符合題意。 22．A.will B．patience C．money D．energy 解析：選C　根據(jù)下文中“get financial help”可以知道，這里指媽媽沒有錢，而不是沒有“毅力、耐心或精力”。 23．A.should B．would

49、C．shall D．must 解析：選B　此處是過去將來時態(tài)的情景。本句的意思是“不做手術(shù)就會活不到13歲”。should和shall“應(yīng)該”；must“必須”，都不符合上下文的意思。 24．A.keeping B．losing C．holding D．getting 解析：選D　結(jié)合本句后面的“several organizations”和“get financial help”，這里是指“和幾個組織取得聯(lián)系之后”，get in touch with“和……取得聯(lián)系”符合題意。 25．A.able B．ready C．eager D．happy 解析：選A　

50、此處說明Dr Vincent具備這種能力。be able to do sth.意思是“能夠做某事”；be ready to do sth.“準(zhǔn)備做某事”；be eager to do sth.“渴望做某事”；be happy to do sth.“高興做某事”。根據(jù)它們的意思，A項(xiàng)符合這里的情景。 26．A.quiet B．rich C．honest D．gentle 解析：選D　結(jié)合下文Dr Vincent對“我”的言行舉止來看，Dr Vincent是一位“溫文爾雅、善良而且有耐心的”人，所以用gentle來形容他很恰當(dāng)。 27．A.check B．research C

51、．test D．watch 解析：選C　根據(jù)“before operation”可知，此處是指做手術(shù)之前“test”。check“檢查，核實(shí)”；research“研究”；watch“觀看”；test“檢驗(yàn)，測試”，側(cè)重于通過一定的技術(shù)、儀器等手段。 28．A.called on B．called at C．called up D．called in 解析：選D　從上文中的“I was crying”到下文中的“Dr Vincent to calm me down”可知，“我”哭的時候Dr Vincent并不在場，所以這時是“call in”。call on指“拜訪某人”；c

52、all at指“拜訪某地”；call up有“打電話”的意思；call in在此處的意思是“請進(jìn)來”。 29．A.prevent B．comfort C．protect D．move 解析：選B　上文中的“...to calm me down”是重要的解題線索；所以選comfort(安慰)；而prevent“阻止”；protect“保護(hù)”；move“移動”，這些均和上下文的意思不符。 30．A.Later B．However C．Instead D．Luckily 解析：選A　聯(lián)系上文中的“have a test”可知，“后來”(later)才到了做手術(shù)的時間。這四

53、個詞都是副詞，later“后來”；luckily“幸運(yùn)地”；instead“代替”；however“然而”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折。根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系及意義，這里指“后來”。 31．A.At times B．In time C．At the time D．In no time 解析：選C　at times“有時候”；in time“及時地”；at the time“那時候”；in no time“馬上”。根據(jù)上下文語境，“我”在那時是“the second or third person to have it”。 32．A.surprised B．frightened C．sati

54、sfied D．delighted 解析：選B　根據(jù)本段中的“I was crying”以及“I was only the second or third person to have it.”等內(nèi)容都可以看出“我”是害怕的(frightened)。 33．A.nothing B．a(chǎn)nything C．something D．everything 解析：選D　根據(jù)本句中的“Dr Vincent reassured me he would see to it that ... ”，是想說明一切(everything)都會好的。其他選項(xiàng)和此處的語境不一致。 34．A.extr

55、emely B．specially C．fairly D．hardly 解析：選A　根據(jù)后面“...but very successful”所表示出的邏輯關(guān)系，說明手術(shù)是“十分”(extremely)痛苦地。 35．A.took B．carried C．brought D．held 解析：選C　從上文能夠推測出，這里是指Dr Vincent給我“帶來”(bring)一個可愛的小動物。take強(qiáng)調(diào)“拿走”；carry側(cè)重“攜帶”；hold“拿著”。 36．A.thing B．a(chǎn)ward C．support D．gift 解析：選D　聯(lián)系上文中的“broug

56、ht me a lovely animal”，和下文中的“I gave him a hug”可以選出正確選項(xiàng)。 37．A.made B．took C．lost D．wasted 解析：選B　根據(jù)后面的“the time”知道，這里指“花費(fèi)”(take)時間；A、C和D項(xiàng)均不符合題意。 38．A.alone B．strange C．comfortable D．sick 解析：選A　根據(jù)上文中的“a scared little girl”，說明這里作者手術(shù)后沒人陪伴，其感覺是“孤單的”(alone)。 39．A.giving B．saving C．sending

57、 D．passing 解析：選B　結(jié)合“This was 28 years ago”說明這位醫(yī)生當(dāng)年“拯救”了作者的性命；save one’s life是“救了某人的命”。此處描述了作者的感受，也是全文的一個總結(jié)。 40．A.common B．usual C．normal D．ordinary 解析：選C　這里是指過正常的(normal)生活。common“常見的”；usual“通常的”；normal“正常的”；ordinary“普通的”。 Ⅳ.語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分) Last summer, my friend and I hired a

58、car and headed for Toronto. We didn’t book a hotel room as it was at the beginning of September and we thought it would be easy for us __41__ (find) a hotel. We __42__ (drive) for five hours when the weather changed and it looked like a thunderstorm was coming. We got lost and both were exhausted _

59、_43__ I saw an old lady parking her car. I stopped and asked if she knew a hotel nearby. She said there was a hotel down the road, __44__ it would have been closed. The __45__ (love) old lady looked at me — I must have had a really anxious look on my face, and said, “Why don’t you girls just stay th

60、e night at __46__ house? I’ll cook for you.” We ended up going to __47__ little island in Lake Muskoka, where her husband was just working on his boat. We slept in the comfortable beds they built __48__ their kids and grandchildren, and they cooked for us. We stayed at their house for three nights

61、__49__ all and also met their friends. Those days were the __50__ (good) part of our three­week trip! We were glad that we got lost and met the old lady. 答案：41.to find　42.had been driving　43.when　44.but　45.lovely　46.my　47.a　48.for　49.in 50．best Ⅴ.短文改錯(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分) My uncle was the bio

62、logy professor. When I was young he was used to take me to the biology lab, when I saw pigs, cats and other animals. My uncle also influenced me through nature walks. He often takes me for a walk in the backyard. We would catch frogs and snake, and find fireflies in the sky. He seemed know everythin

63、g about wildlife. Eighteen years later, think about my uncle and her influence on my life, I feel very lucky. I am grateful that I got the chance to learn for him. He helped me develop my interest in all that was alive and sometimes death around me. 答案：第一句：the→a 第二句：去掉was; when→where 第四句：takes→to

64、ok 第五句：snake→snakes 第六句：know前加to 第七句：think→thinking; her→his 第八句：for→from 第九句：death→dead Ⅵ.書面表達(dá)(共1題；滿分25分) 假定你是李華，得知一所英語學(xué)校招聘助教，幫助外教組織教學(xué)。請你用英語給該校寫一封郵件應(yīng)聘。內(nèi)容主要包括： 1．口語能力； 2．組織能力； 3．溝通能力。 注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右； 2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫； 3．郵件的開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，但不計入總詞數(shù)。 Dear Sir/Madam， I’ve learned a teaching assis

65、tant for foreign teachers is wanted in your school.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes! Yours sincerely， Li Hua 參考范文： Dear Sir/Madam， I’ve learned a teaching assistant f

66、or foreign teachers is wanted in your school. I’m writing to apply for the job. First of all, having been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age, I can communicate freely with others in English. What’s more, years of experience of being monitor makes me a brilliant organizer, which will help me a lot to keep the class in order. The most important factor is that I love kids, and I’m confident that my patience and care will undoubtedly win their trust. All in all, I think my enthusiasm and full sense of responsibility will make me a qualified teaching