板栗脫蓬機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)、栗子去皮脫殼機(jī)設(shè)計(jì),板栗,脫蓬機(jī),設(shè)計(jì),栗子,去皮,脫殼 The worlds Latest Mechanical Design Conceptssource：China Science and Technology JournalAbstract:According to scholars at home and abroad to carry out mechanicaldesign product design features of the main ideas, product design method of theprogramsummarizedassystematic,modularstructure,basedonproductcharacteristics of knowledge and wisdom. The characteristics of these methods andtheir organic connection between them and put forward to achieve the computerproduct design direction.Key words: Mechanical Product Design MethodDevelopment Trends Design documents will be Semantic Web as a design tool inthe design of its Semantic Web activity of the development of ASK, using nodes andlines to describe the design a network, nodes that components of the cell (such asdesign tasks, functions, components or processing equipment, etc. ), used to adjust thelines and definitions between nodes of different semantic relations, thus the designprocess all the activities and results of pre-built models so that the definition of theearly design requirements to the specific description of each structure can be definedby the relationship between the expression, achieved a computer-aided design process,the leap from the abstract to the concrete.Asystematic design methodThe main features of a systematic design method are: the design as designed by anumber of elements of a system, the independence of each design elements, eachelement of an organic link between the existence of, and is layered, with all the designelements , you can design systems to achieve the required task.Systematic design idea in the 70s by the German scholar Professor Pahl andBeitz, the system based on the theory they developed a general pattern of the design,advocacy design work should have organized. German Engineers Association, on thebasis of this design concept to develop a standard VDI2221 technology systems andproduct development design methods.1.The user needs functional characteristics as a product concept, structuredesign and part design, process planning, job control, etc. based on the macro fromthe product development process of starting the use of quality function deploymentmethod and system to user demand information reasonably and efficiently convertedto the various stages of product development, technical goals and operational controlprocedures method.2.The level of the product life of the organism as a system, and means ofliving systems theory, the product design process can be divided into successfulhierarchy of needs to achieve the functional requirements of the conceptual level andproduct level of the specific design. At the same time life-support systems used toexpress the abstract icons of the product functional requirements, system structureformation of product features.3.The mechanical design of the application of systems science into two basicquestions: First, to be designed as a system dealing with the products, the best way todetermine its component parts (modules) and their mutual relations1; is the productdesign process as a system, according to design objectives, a correct and reasonablydetermine the various aspects of the design work and various design stage.Because each designers point of research questions and to consider the questionof emphasis, to design a specific research methods used is also different. Here aresome representative of the systematic design methods.4.Design Element MethodWith the five design elements (functions, effects, effects vector, shape, elements,and surface parameters) describe the product solutions that a product to determinethe value of the five design elements, the product of all the features and characteristicsof the value of i.e. determined. Scholars in China have adopted similar methodsdesigned to describe the products original understanding.5.Graphic modeling methodAnd developed a design analysis and guidance systems KALEIT, with thelevel of clear graphic description of a products functional structure and its associatedabstract information, to the system structure and function relationship of graphicalmodeling, and functional connection between the layers 2.Assistance will be designed to be divided into two aspects of methodology andexchange of information using the Nijssen Information Analysis Method can be usedgraphic symbols, with a rich semantic model structure, can be described as integrationconditions, can be divided into types of constraints can be achieved in relationsbetween any combination of characteristics , the design method to solve integrationand information technology to realize the design process of information betweendifferent abstraction layers between the graphical modeling.6.Concept - Design methodProducts design is divided into concept and design in two stages. Conceptphase of the task is to find, choose and mix to meet the requirements of the originalunderstanding of design tasks. Design stage of work is a concrete realization of theoriginal understanding of the conceptual stage.Of the programs idea of specific described as: In accordance with theappropriate functional structure, seeking to meet the design requirements of theoriginal understanding of the task. The functional structure of the sub-function isperformed by the structural elements to achieve, and structural elements of thephysical connection between the definition of a feature vector, feature vector andstructural elements further the interaction between the formation of the functionaldiagram ( mechanical diagram). The program design is based on functional diagram,the first qualitative description of all of the feature vector and structural elements,and then quantitatively describe all the structural elements and the connection parts( feature vectors), the shape and location to be structure diagram3. Roper, H. usinggraph theory, by means of which he defines as the total design unit (GE), structuralelements (KE), functional structural elements (FKE), connect structural elements(VKE), Structural Parts (KT), structure element part (KET) concepts, as well asdescribe the structure element size, location, and transmission parameters of theinteractions between a number of kinds of schematics, the intuitive designprofessionals have done a formal design method a description of the formation of aneffective application of existing knowledge, methods, and applied to ideas anddesign stage.7.Bond Graph MethodFunction of the composition of system components will be divided into produceenergy, consumed energy, changing energy forms, such as various types of energytransfer, and to use bond graphs to express the function component solution, hoping tofunction-based model and bond graph combine to achieve functional structure theautomatic generation and functional structure with the bond graph automaticconversion between the search for bond graph generated by a number of designmethods.To promote the product on the basis of functional analysis, the product has somefeatures broken down into one or several modular basic structure, by selection andcombination of the basic structure of these modular form into different products.These basic structures can be parts, components, or even a system.The structure should have a standardized interface (connection and co-operationdepartment),andisserialized,universal,integrated,hierarchical,agile,economic-oriented, with interchangeability, compatibility and relevance. Chinascombination of software component technology and CAD technology, variant designcombined with the modular design, according to modular principle of classification,will be divided into descending Machining Center Machine Tool product level,component level, component level and component level, and use expert knowledgeand CAD technology to combine them into different species, different specificationsof functional blocks, and then by the combination of these functions into differentmodules of the overall program processing center.To design a directory as an alternative variation of the mechanical structure ofthe tool, the solution proposed by the design elements of a complete, structured layout,the formation of the solution set design catalogs. And in the solution set designed tocomment on each one listed in the directory solution additional information, is verybeneficial to design engineers select solution elements.The vigorous development of network technology, collaborative design andmanufacturing, as well as the product from the users functional requirements design processing assembly finished product of this realization of concurrentengineering possible. However, an important prerequisite to achieve these goals oneof the conditions is to realize the effect of product design three-dimensionalvisualization. To this end, three-dimensional graphics software, more and moreintelligent design software programs used in the product design, virtual realitytechnology and multimedia, hypermedia tools for product design is also its first debut.At present, Germany and other developed countries are focused on researchhypermedia technology, product data exchange standard STEP, as well as standardvirtual reality modeling language based on a standard exchange format for virtualenvironments) in the product design applications.Mechanical product design is moving in computer-aided realization of intelligentdesign and to meet the needs of distributed collaborative design and manufacture ofdirection, due to the computer product design Study on the implementation startedlate, not yet mature, to achieve the above objectives program design tools4. Authorbelieves that the integrated use of paper, four types of design method is an effectiveway to achieve this goal. Although the integrated use of these methods are moreinvolved in the field, not only with the mechanical design of the field-relatedknowledge, but also to the systems engineering theory, artificial intelligence theory,computer hardware and software engineering, network technology areas such asdomain knowledge, it is still product design must be working for. Abroad in researchin this area has achieved initial success, our scholars have been aware of CAD designtechnology and the importance of international exchange and cooperation, and itsmeasures to be taken.Feature-based design methodology of knowledge The main features are: using acomputer can identify the language to describe the characteristics of the product andits design experts in the field of knowledge and experience to establish the appropriateknowledge base and inference engine, re-use of stored domain knowledge and theestablishment of the inference mechanism to bring computer-aided product design.The mechanical system design is mainly based on the characteristics of a product,and design experts in the field of knowledge and experience to push volume anddecision-making, the completion of body type, the number of synthesis. To achievethis stage of computer-aided design, must study the automatic acquisition ofknowledge, expression, integration, coordination, management and use. To this end,the design and scholars at home and abroad program for the mechanical systemdesign knowledge of the automated processing done a lot of research work, theapproach can be summarized into the following several.學(xué)生用表 屆本科生畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)）中期報(bào)告 學(xué)院：工程學(xué)院 系：機(jī)械系 專(zhuān)業(yè)：機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其自動(dòng)化 學(xué)號(hào) 姓名 班名 論文(設(shè)計(jì))題目 板栗脫蓬機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì) 簡(jiǎn)述開(kāi)題 以來(lái)所做 的具體工 作和取得 的進(jìn)展或 成果 開(kāi)題以來(lái)，把有關(guān)板栗脫蓬機(jī)的資料收集歸類(lèi)好，包括圖書(shū)館相關(guān)的書(shū)籍的查閱，還有網(wǎng)上的相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)的查詢(xún)。目前已完成了部分相關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)的計(jì)算校核，及部分零件三維圖的繪制和裝配。 存在的 具體 問(wèn)題 1、 帶輪中心距不合理，導(dǎo)致裝配起來(lái)發(fā)生干涉； 2、 連桿機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)不合理，發(fā)生干摩擦嚴(yán)重，需要改進(jìn)連桿結(jié)構(gòu)。 下一步 工作 具體 設(shè)想 與 安排 其余零件三維圖繪制出來(lái)試裝配，把不合理的零件重新設(shè)計(jì)，在5.20開(kāi)始繪制裝配圖和零件圖，5.26號(hào)撰寫(xiě)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)。 指導(dǎo) 教師 意見(jiàn) 指導(dǎo)教師簽名： 年 月 日 學(xué)生用表1 屆本科生畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)）開(kāi)題報(bào)告 學(xué)院：工程學(xué)院 系：機(jī)械系 專(zhuān)業(yè)：機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其自動(dòng)化 學(xué)號(hào) 姓名 班名 畢業(yè)論文 （設(shè)計(jì)）題目 板栗脫蓬機(jī)設(shè)計(jì) 指導(dǎo)教師 所在單位、部門(mén) 工程學(xué)院 職稱(chēng) 教授 一、研究的目的和意義 板栗是殼斗科栗屬植物，又名栗子、風(fēng)栗，現(xiàn)已多為人工種植。板栗一直是人們青睞的營(yíng)養(yǎng)食物，加上近些年來(lái)人們對(duì)健康的要求越來(lái)越高，板栗自然成為被熱捧的營(yíng)養(yǎng)食物，板栗中含有大量的植物蛋白、維生素、胡蘿卜素、鉀、鋅、鐵礦物質(zhì)和多種微量元素，能夠起到養(yǎng)顏、養(yǎng)胃、健脾、補(bǔ)腎等功效。板栗適合多種多樣的加工方法，所以關(guān)于板栗的加工品也越來(lái)越多，例如板栗蛋糕、板栗醬、板栗餅、板栗糕等。加上這幾年一些地方政府發(fā)展旅游業(yè)，對(duì)于板栗糕。板栗餅等手信類(lèi)食品需求較大，如湖北省和河南省就是生產(chǎn)板栗的大省，他們的種植出來(lái)的板栗和有關(guān)板栗的副食品出口到國(guó)外，農(nóng)民以前都是依靠手工來(lái)脫蓬，生產(chǎn)節(jié)奏已經(jīng)跟不上時(shí)代的步伐了，所以提高板栗的生產(chǎn)效率顯得尤為的重要。 板栗脫蓬機(jī)是通過(guò)機(jī)械加工去除外苞從而獲得板栗堅(jiān)果的機(jī)器，板栗脫蓬不能在采摘的時(shí)候一同完成的原因是板栗本身的生理特性，只能在板栗堅(jiān)果水分在一定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)范圍內(nèi)才能進(jìn)行高效地脫蓬。 近些年來(lái)由于人們對(duì)板栗的需求量大，我國(guó)板栗產(chǎn)量逐年攀升，帶動(dòng)了以板栗為中心的很多產(chǎn)業(yè)，板栗，作為我國(guó)歷史悠久的農(nóng)作物，已成為國(guó)家生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)林樹(shù)種，而且國(guó)家林業(yè)局已經(jīng)把板栗定位為全國(guó)六大戰(zhàn)略性干果和五大優(yōu)勢(shì)經(jīng)濟(jì)林之一，板栗產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展已受到越來(lái)越多人的關(guān)注。為了解放生產(chǎn)力，解決農(nóng)民板栗脫蓬的難題，板栗脫蓬機(jī)的研究成為了關(guān)鍵。 現(xiàn)在農(nóng)業(yè)已經(jīng)開(kāi)始全面推進(jìn)自動(dòng)化生產(chǎn)，普通的小型生產(chǎn)戶也開(kāi)始使用機(jī)械來(lái)代替人工，減少體力勞動(dòng)，生產(chǎn)效益也大大地提升。近些年來(lái)圍繞著板栗脫蓬的研究也越來(lái)越被重視，推廣的力度也逐年增大，但是前些年脫蓬機(jī)存在的一些問(wèn)題使得推廣有些難度，第一：價(jià)格普遍偏高，一臺(tái)脫蓬機(jī)價(jià)格大概在2000元左右，作為一名普通農(nóng)民來(lái)說(shuō)，這個(gè)價(jià)格難以接受，第二：推廣的地區(qū)多為經(jīng)濟(jì)較為發(fā)達(dá)的地區(qū)，一些偏遠(yuǎn)的地方，農(nóng)民依然是使用原始的人工脫蓬的方法進(jìn)行脫蓬，難以實(shí)現(xiàn)脫貧。但是經(jīng)過(guò)這幾年的推廣，廣大農(nóng)民都可以自己在家通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)來(lái)購(gòu)買(mǎi)自己需要的板栗脫蓬機(jī)了，普及率大大上升，實(shí)現(xiàn)了農(nóng)民真正的解放雙手，而機(jī)械造福了人類(lèi)。同時(shí)，板栗脫蓬機(jī)的發(fā)展不但符合了現(xiàn)在人們對(duì)板栗需求量大的剛需，還為板栗生產(chǎn)自動(dòng)化的進(jìn)步推了一把，在一些地方，已經(jīng)有圍繞著板栗而研究的一系列自動(dòng)化生產(chǎn)機(jī)械，如板栗采摘升降臺(tái)，采摘器等等。 二、國(guó)內(nèi)外研究（設(shè)計(jì)）發(fā)展?fàn)顩r 通過(guò)查閱大量關(guān)于板栗脫蓬機(jī)的產(chǎn)品，發(fā)現(xiàn)六十年代的產(chǎn)品普遍存在脫蓬的破壞率高，有些機(jī)器破壞率高達(dá)15%，生產(chǎn)出來(lái)的板栗無(wú)法出售，只能用作壓榨食用油，或者農(nóng)戶自己加工成板栗的加工品，如板栗糕，板栗餅等。進(jìn)入到二十一世紀(jì)，推廣面最廣的，農(nóng)民使用數(shù)量最多的脫蓬機(jī)大概分為下面兩種形式：立式和橫式板栗脫蓬機(jī)。 立式脫蓬機(jī)利用板栗的自身重力和錐度螺旋揉搓式原理原理，在螺旋片和桶壁的作用下進(jìn)行板栗果和板栗蓬的分離，優(yōu)點(diǎn)是單相電源、耗電低、體積小、重量輕，便于安裝和移動(dòng)，但其缺點(diǎn)也比較明顯，就是脫蓬率不高，沒(méi)有板栗蓬和板栗的分離裝置，導(dǎo)致使用后的后續(xù)工作量大，使用體驗(yàn)差。 橫式板栗脫蓬機(jī)可分為單輥輪和雙輥輪。 雙輥輪利用兩個(gè)輥輪見(jiàn)的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)差來(lái)實(shí)踐對(duì)板栗的摩擦擠壓，達(dá)到脫蓬的目的，因采用軟硬輥輪，所以破殼率較低，但是結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，制造成本和維修成本高，不適合家庭式農(nóng)戶使用。 單棍子式采用打擊、擠壓、摩擦原理達(dá)到脫蓬目的，成本低，維修方便，但是市面上這種脫蓬機(jī)制造較粗糙，棍子的釘末端沒(méi)有封口，而且采用鐵等硬材料，使得板栗果的破碎率較高。 三、研究（設(shè)計(jì)）主要內(nèi)容、預(yù)期目標(biāo)及擬解決的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題 以現(xiàn)有板栗脫蓬機(jī)為參考，設(shè)計(jì)使用性能好、安全可靠、操作方便的板栗脫蓬機(jī)，主要包括以下內(nèi)容： 1板栗脫蓬機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)及三維實(shí)體設(shè)計(jì)； 2.零部件設(shè)計(jì)； 3.安全校核計(jì)算； 4.其它。 預(yù)期目標(biāo)： 1、通過(guò)本設(shè)計(jì)使學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)設(shè)計(jì)資料與信息獲取的方法，熟悉本專(zhuān)業(yè)常用專(zhuān)業(yè)技術(shù)手冊(cè)的使用技能與方法； 2、通過(guò)本設(shè)計(jì)使學(xué)生能熟練使用三維實(shí)體設(shè)計(jì)、二維平面設(shè)計(jì)的CAD軟件，以及文字編輯處理軟件； 3、完成開(kāi)題報(bào)告、中期進(jìn)度報(bào)告、英文設(shè)計(jì)總說(shuō)明、設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算說(shuō)明書(shū)。 解決關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題： 通過(guò)改善打釘?shù)慕Y(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)降低了板栗的破碎率； 簡(jiǎn)化脫蓬機(jī)機(jī)構(gòu)，降低了制造成本。 四、研究方案與技術(shù)路線 通過(guò)查閱現(xiàn)有的板栗脫蓬機(jī)機(jī)構(gòu)來(lái)改善確定設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)方案，板栗脫蓬機(jī)的制造主要是以沖壓和焊接為主，制造要求不高，制造成本低。 五、研究方法 1、通過(guò)視頻介紹和商家的溝通來(lái)了解板栗脫蓬機(jī)的技術(shù)要求與參數(shù)； 2、和指導(dǎo)老師進(jìn)行交流； 3、查閱機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)、機(jī)械原理等書(shū)籍來(lái)使設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化。 六、參考文獻(xiàn) [1] 程志宏. 機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì). 東南大學(xué)出版社. 2006.6 [2] 傅東明. 起重機(jī)械. 機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社. 1989.10 [3] 濮良貴，陳國(guó)定，吳立言. 機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì). 高等教育出版社. 2013.5 [4] 成大先. 機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè). 化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社. 2007.11 [5] 石一兵. 食品機(jī)械與設(shè)備. 北京：中國(guó)商業(yè)出版社. 1992.6 [6] 陳立德. 機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)基礎(chǔ)課程設(shè)計(jì)指導(dǎo)書(shū). 北京：高等教育出版社. 2007.8 [7] 王智才. 我國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)市場(chǎng)需求與發(fā)展前景[J]. 農(nóng)機(jī)質(zhì)量與監(jiān)督. 2002.5 [8] 孫恒，陳作模，葛文杰. 機(jī)械原理. 北京：高等教育出版社. 2013.5 [9] Henry T.Brown. Mechanisma and Devices. 2005.8 [10] Robert L.Norton. Machine Design. 2010.2  工作計(jì)劃進(jìn)程表 時(shí) 間 工 作 內(nèi) 容 2.14-3.25 3.26-4.15 4.16-4.20 4.20-4.30 5.1-5.15 5.16-5.20 5.21-5.25 5.26-5.31 閱讀有關(guān)資料，確定設(shè)計(jì)方案，計(jì)劃草案； 機(jī)器的總體設(shè)計(jì)； 材料、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件的選擇，有關(guān)計(jì)算； 各零件的詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)； 零件的三維設(shè)計(jì)； 總體虛擬裝配設(shè)計(jì)； 機(jī)器細(xì)節(jié)修改與二維圖設(shè)計(jì)； 編寫(xiě)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)。 選題是否合適： □是 □否 方案是否可行： □是 □否 進(jìn)程是否合理： □是 □否 任務(wù)能否完成： □能 □不能 指導(dǎo)教師 （簽字） 年 月 日 選題是否合適： □是 □否 方案是否可行： □是 □否 進(jìn)程是否合理： □是 □否 任務(wù)能否完成： □能 □不能 指導(dǎo)小組組長(zhǎng) （簽字） 年 月 日 3 設(shè)計(jì)目的設(shè)計(jì)用于板栗產(chǎn)量較大的地區(qū)農(nóng)戶，實(shí)現(xiàn)除人工加料外，板栗通過(guò)機(jī)器自動(dòng)脫蓬和果、蓬分離；提高脫蓬率，降低板栗的破碎率；使用性能好，安全可靠、操作簡(jiǎn)單方便；工作原理 該機(jī)器由電動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)，通過(guò)皮帶的傳動(dòng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)主要工作部件輥輪、振動(dòng)篩、風(fēng)機(jī)的運(yùn)作，板栗苞經(jīng)過(guò)輥輪的敲打、與桶壁的摩擦、自身的摩擦擠壓實(shí)現(xiàn)板栗脫蓬，脫蓬后的板栗和外苞經(jīng)過(guò)柵籠掉落到振動(dòng)篩中，振動(dòng)篩把板栗堅(jiān)果和板栗蓬分離，板栗堅(jiān)果和板栗蓬小碎末掉落到下一層振動(dòng)篩中，上層的板栗蓬和下層的小碎末走到振動(dòng)篩末端的時(shí)候因?yàn)橹亓刻p而被風(fēng)機(jī)吹走，實(shí)現(xiàn)了板栗堅(jiān)果和板栗蓬間的分離。設(shè)計(jì)步驟確定各機(jī)構(gòu)脫蓬機(jī)構(gòu)：在輥輪上焊上末端為半圓球的打釘，4排打釘分布在輥輪上，排一排之間輥輪間隔放置；振動(dòng)篩：依據(jù)板栗苞的大小來(lái)確定篩網(wǎng)孔的孔徑和孔之間的間隔，使板栗果順利通過(guò)篩網(wǎng)下落到篩盤(pán)，蓬留在篩網(wǎng)，各地區(qū)的板栗大小不一樣，可更換篩網(wǎng)來(lái)保證篩選的效果；連桿機(jī)構(gòu)：實(shí)現(xiàn)篩網(wǎng)和篩盤(pán)的震動(dòng)；風(fēng)機(jī)：出風(fēng)量能夠滿足把板栗蓬吹走，而板栗果順利落到出料口。一、脫蓬機(jī)構(gòu)輥輪設(shè)計(jì)成空心，可以減輕輥輪的質(zhì)量，降低電動(dòng)機(jī)的負(fù)荷，打釘均采用電焊焊接在輥輪上，末端做成半球型，在其外面套軟橡膠套。末端球型是為了防止板栗在脫蓬的時(shí)候被打壞，軟橡膠套能夠保護(hù)板栗果不被蓬刺刺傷，降低了板栗脫蓬時(shí)的破碎率。打釘平均分為4排，排與排之間打釘錯(cuò)開(kāi)，這樣有利于板栗苞在滾筒里面運(yùn)動(dòng)充分，一定程度上保證了脫蓬率。市面上大多數(shù)的板栗脫蓬機(jī)內(nèi)部都是做成空心的，但是輥輪里面沒(méi)有支撐的結(jié)構(gòu)，結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度欠缺，此次設(shè)計(jì)的輥輪內(nèi)部焊有6個(gè)支架，支架兩端與主軸焊接，三邊與輥輪的內(nèi)壁焊接上，這樣子輥輪的整體強(qiáng)度就會(huì)增強(qiáng)，保證了脫蓬機(jī)構(gòu)使用的可靠性和提高了脫蓬機(jī)的耐用性。二、振動(dòng)篩振動(dòng)篩主要由篩網(wǎng)、篩盤(pán)、連桿機(jī)構(gòu)、振動(dòng)篩支撐條、振動(dòng)篩支撐側(cè)板組成。經(jīng)過(guò)調(diào)研板栗的尺寸，確定篩網(wǎng)的孔徑大小為30mm，這尺寸會(huì)使板栗順利落下到篩盤(pán)，而比較大的外苞則留在篩網(wǎng)。篩網(wǎng)和篩盤(pán)的傾斜角度約為5度，有利于外苞和板栗落下和傳送到振動(dòng)篩出口處，振動(dòng)篩的工作頻率定為15Hz。連桿機(jī)構(gòu)連桿機(jī)構(gòu)由連桿1、擋塊、內(nèi)六角沉頭螺釘、連桿2、連桿座等組成。由振動(dòng)篩軸的動(dòng)力帶動(dòng)連桿1做圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)，從而帶動(dòng)連桿2和連桿座做往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)，連桿座固定在振動(dòng)篩盤(pán)上，振動(dòng)篩盤(pán)可在一定范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行擺動(dòng)，達(dá)到了振動(dòng)的效果。風(fēng)機(jī)風(fēng)機(jī)是通過(guò)類(lèi)比的方法設(shè)計(jì)出來(lái)的，因?yàn)檎駝?dòng)篩出口較寬，所以風(fēng)機(jī)的出風(fēng)口做成寬口，保證了板栗蓬都能被吹走，與板栗果分離。感 謝 老 師