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1、Management, 11e (Robbins/Coulter) Chapter 2 Understanding Management's Context: Constraints and Challenges 1) In the symbolic view of management, managers are seen as directly responsible for an organization's success or failure. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 45 Topic: The Manager: Omni

2、potent or Symbolic? Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 2) The view of managers as omnipotent is consistent with the stereotypical picture of the take-charge business executive who can overcome any obstacle in carrying out the organization's objectives. Answer: TR

3、UE Page Ref: 45 Topic: The Manager: Omnipotent or Symbolic? Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 3) The symbolic view of management impact is useful in explaining the high turnover among sports coaches, who can be considered the "managers" of their teams. A

4、nswer: FALSE Page Ref: 45 Topic: The Manager: Omnipotent or Symbolic? Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 4) A dynamic environment is characterized by the absence of new competitors, few technological breakthroughs by current competitors, and little activity by pres

5、sure groups to influence the organization. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 49 Topic: The Environment Objective: 2 Difficulty: Moderate Classification: Conceptual 5) Environmental uncertainty looks at the number of components in an organization's environment and the extent of the knowledge

6、 that the organization has about those components. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 49 Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 6) An organization's competitors and employees are considered to be stakeholders who are affected by the organization's decisions and actions. Ans

7、wer: TRUE Page Ref: 50 Topic: Organizational Culture Objective: 2 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 7) A dynamic and simple environment is characterized by the greatest level of environmental uncertainty. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 50 Objective: 2 Difficulty: Easy Classi

8、fication: Conceptual 8) Managers of high-performing companies tend to consider the interests of the most profitable stakeholder groups as they make decisions. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 50 Objective: 2 Difficulty: Moderate Classification: Conceptual 9) Strong cultures have more influenc

9、e on employees than do weak cultures. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 52 Topic: Organizational Culture Objective: 3 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 10) The shared aspect of culture implies that all employees in an organization approve of the culture. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 52

10、Objective: 3 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 11) In strong organizational cultures, employees have little knowledge of company history or heroes, what is important is present performance. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 53 Topic: Organizational Culture Objective: 3 Difficulty: Ea

11、sy Classification: Conceptual 12) Organizations help employees adapt to the culture through socialization. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 54 Topic: Organizational Culture Objective: 3 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 13) Corporate rituals are repetitive sequences of activities t

12、hat express and reinforce the key values of an organization. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 55 Topic: Organizational Culture Objective: 3 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 14) In a "ready-aim-fire" culture, managers take action and then analyze what has been done. Answer:

13、 FALSE Page Ref: 57 Topic: Organizational Culture Objective: 3 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 15) In order to develop an innovative organizational culture, managers must minimize ambiguity and uncertainty and discourage risk-taking. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 58 Topic: O

14、rganizational Culture Objective: 4 Difficulty: Moderate Classification: Conceptual 16) Giving service-contact employees the discretion to make day-to-day decisions on job-related activities is instrumental in creating in a customer-responsive culture. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 59 Topic:

15、 Organizational Culture Objective: 4 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 17) Organizations that emphasize workplace spirituality focus on individual development. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 60 Topic: The Environment Objective: 4 Difficulty: Moderate Classification: Conceptual

16、 18) Spiritual organizations tend to be intolerant of employees who commit mistakes. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 60 Topic: The Environment Objective: 4 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 19) Organizations that subscribe to workplace spirituality emphasize the importance of employ

17、ees controlling their expressions and emotions. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 60 Topic: The Environment Objective: 4 Difficulty: Moderate Classification: Conceptual 20) A valid criticism of workplace spirituality is that secular institutions, especially businesses, have no right to impose sp

18、iritual values on employees, if spirituality means bringing religion into the workplace. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 60 Topic: The Environment Objective: 4 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 21) Which of the following represents the two views of managerial impact on the success or

19、 failure of the organization? A) omnipotent and symbolic B) omnipotent and reflective C) symbolic and interactive D) reflective and interactive Answer: A Page Ref: 44 Topic: The Manager: Omnipotent or Symbolic? Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 22) The curren

20、t dominant assumption in management theory suggests that ________. A) an organization's success or failure is due to external forces outside managers' control B) managers' roles are increasingly becoming peripheral and staff manage their own areas of expertise C) managers are directly

21、 responsible for an organization's success or failure D) managers cannot significantly affect an organization's performance because they are constrained by the abilities of their employees Answer: C Page Ref: 44 Topic: The Manager: Omnipotent or Symbolic? Objective: 1 Difficulty: M

22、oderate Classification: Conceptual 23) Elmo Research & Development has been going through a rough patch lately. Turnover has been high and employee morale is at an all-time low. Though employees and competitors hold management responsible for the decline, the CEO does not let the managers go

23、or change the management style. Which of the following could explain this attitude? A) The CEO holds the omnipotent view of management, which believes that external factors have a significant effect on performance outcomes. B) As the organization has an autocratic management style, the employees a

24、re responsible for organizational policies. C) The organization has a participative management style and decisions are guided by consensus. D) The CEO holds the view that managers have only a limited role in organization success or failure. Answer: D Page Ref: 45 AACSB: Analytic Skills Objec

25、tive: 1 Difficulty: Moderate Classification: Application 24) The omnipotent view of management states that ________. A) managers' roles are peripheral and staff manage their own areas of the business B) managers are directly responsible for an organization's success or failure C)

26、 managers should allow employees to take part in decision-making D) managers have little or no responsibility for an organization's success or failure Answer: B Page Ref: 45 Topic: The Manager: Omnipotent or Symbolic? Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 25) Th

27、e ________ view of management is consistent with the stereotypical picture of the take-charge business executive who can overcome any obstacle in carrying out the organization's objectives. A) omnipotent B) symbolic C) democratic D) laissez-faire Answer: A Page Ref: 45 Topic: The Manage

28、r: Omnipotent or Symbolic? Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 26) The soccer league in England is notorious for the number of team managers fired over the course of a single season, which stands at no fewer than eight managers on average, owing to poor team form and cons

29、equently, poor results. It is evident from this information that the league endorses a(n) ________ view of management. A) symbolic B) omnipotent C) laissez-faire D) democratic Answer: B Page Ref: 45 Topic: Organizational Culture AACSB: Analytic Skills Objective: 1 Difficulty: Moderat

30、e Classification: Application 27) Which of the following most accurately reflects the symbolic view of management? A) Managers are directly responsible for an organization's success or failure. B) Managers have to ensure that every obstacle is overcome on the way to achieving the organiz

31、ation's goals. C) External forces are responsible for an organization's success or failure. D) Employees are directly responsible for an organization's success or failure. Answer: C Page Ref: 45 Topic: The Manager: Omnipotent or Symbolic? Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy Classif

32、ication: Conceptual 28) According to the symbolic view, managers have a(n) ________ effect on substantive organizational outcomes. A) limited B) extensive C) influential D) significant Answer: A Page Ref: 45 Topic: The Manager: Omnipotent or Symbolic? Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy

33、Classification: Conceptual 29) The symbolic view of management is based upon the belief that managers symbolize ________. A) control and influence in developing plans and making decisions B) every aspect of an organization's performance, from the top level to the operational level C) the fl

34、uctuating fortunes of the organization as they alternate between profits and losses D) the take-charge executive who overcomes any obstacle to see that the organization achieves its goals Answer: A Page Ref: 45 Topic: The Manager: Omnipotent or Symbolic? Objective: 1 Difficulty: Moderate

35、Classification: Conceptual 30) Internal constraints that influence managers' decisions and actions come from ________. A) the attitudes of customers B) the culture of the organization C) the prevailing political conditions D) the fluctuations in the stock market Answer: B Page Ref: 4

36、5 Topic: The Manager: Omnipotent or Symbolic? Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 31) Daniel is the CEO of CookRite, a company manufacturing kitchen appliances. The company has been in business for the past ten years and sales were steadily increasing until six months

37、 ago, when there was a significant decrease. Though Daniel held a number of meetings with the top management of the company, he did not make any changes in the management techniques and did not blame managers for the drop in sales. Which of the following, if true, would indicate that Daniel was corr

38、ect in his approach? A) Sources reveal that CookRite's competitors saw a similar drop in sales over the same time period. B) The price of technology used in CookRite products fell during this period, as a result of innovations. C) The symbolic view of management, which Daniel holds, is the pr

39、eferred method in that industry. D) Demand for kitchen appliances has increased significantly over the past year. Answer: A Page Ref: 45 AACSB: Reflective Thinking Skills Objective: 1 Difficulty: Difficult Classification: Critical Thinking 32) Daniel is the CEO of CookRite, a company m

40、anufacturing kitchen appliances. The company has been in business for the past ten years and sales were steadily increasing until six months ago, when there was a significant decrease. Though Daniel held a number of meetings with the top management of the company, he did not make any changes in the

41、management techniques and did not blame managers for the drop in sales. Which of the following, if true, would indicate that Daniel was wrong in his approach? A) CookRite's competitors saw a similar drop in sales over the same period. B) A new competitor entered the market six months ago, and

42、sold products below cost to gain market share. C) Demand for kitchen appliances has increased significantly over the past year. D) The price of technology used in kitchen appliances fell and CookRite subsequently reduced its prices. Answer: C Page Ref: 45 AACSB: Reflective Thinking Skills Ob

43、jective: 1 Difficulty: Difficult Classification: Critical Thinking 33) Which of the following factors is a demographic component of an organization's external environment? A) lifestyles and behavior B) political stability C) geographic location D) stock market fluctuations Answer:

44、C Page Ref: 46 Objective: 2 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 34) Which of the following factors is an economic component of an organization's external environment? A) family composition B) education level C) disposable income D) geographic location Answer: C Page Ref:

45、 46 Objective: 2 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 35) The ________ component of an organization's external environment is concerned with trends in population characteristics such as age, race, gender, education level, geographic location, income, and family composition. A) ec

46、onomic B) political C) demographic D) sociocultural Answer: C Page Ref: 46 Objective: 2 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 36) Grayson's has been in the publishing business for fifty years. In the past two years, the company has noticed that book sales have been tapering

47、off, as more and more readers prefer formats they can read on e-readers or smartphones. Grayson's needs to analyze the changes in the environment so that it can change its business strategies and meet the needs of the new market. It commissions a market research firm to collect information about

48、 the recent changes in reading habits. Which of the following questions is the most irrelevant for this purpose? A) How many books does an individual customer buy in a month? B) What types of books do customers buy in traditional form? C) Which format is more reader-friendly, e-books or tradition

49、al books? D) How much do readers spend on e-books in a month? Answer: C Page Ref: 46 AACSB: Analytic Skills Objective: 2 Difficulty: Moderate Classification: Application 37) Which of the following factors is a sociocultural component of an organization's external environment? A)

50、education level B) political stability C) behavior patterns D) family composition Answer: C Page Ref: 46 Objective: 2 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 38) The economic environment affects the performance of an organization, as was noted during the recent recession. Which of

51、the following factors is cited as one of the causes of the recent recession triggered in the home mortgage markets in the U.S.? A) high interest rates on mortgages B) massive global liquidity C) lack of leverageability for business borrowers D) difficulty in securing housing credit Answer: C

52、Page Ref: 47 Objective: 2 Difficulty: Moderate Classification: Conceptual 39) Which of the following groups includes individuals who were born between the years 1946-1964? A) the Silent Generation B) the Gen Y-ers C) the Baby Boomers D) Post-Millenials Answer: C Page Ref: 47 Topic:

53、 The Environment Objective: 2 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 40) ________ is/are called the iGeneration, because they've grown up with technology that customizes everything to the individual. A) Post-Millenials B) The Silent Generation C) Baby Boomers D) Gen Y-ers Answ

54、er: A Page Ref: 48 Objective: 2 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 41) Which of the following are the two dimensions of environmental uncertainty? A) degree of change and degree of complexity B) degree of change and degree of volume C) degree of complexity and degree of impac

55、t D) degree of impact and degree of timing Answer: A Page Ref: 49 Topic: The Environment Objective: 2 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 42) If the components of an organization's environment change frequently, the organization is operating in a ________ environment. A) st

56、able B) secure C) dynamic D) constant Answer: C Page Ref: 49 Topic: The Environment Objective: 2 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 43) Which of the following is NOT true about the environmental complexity of an organization? A) Environmental complexity increases as the nu

57、mber of competitors increases. B) It is measured in terms of the knowledge an organization needs about its environment. C) Complexity decreases as the number of regulatory agencies increases. D) It depends on the knowledge an organization has about the components of its environment. Answer: C

58、Page Ref: 49 Topic: The Environment Objective: 2 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 44) Which of the following is a characteristic of a dynamic environment? A) high level of predictability of changes in environmental conditions B) few technological breakthroughs by current comp

59、etitors C) the presence of new competitors in the market D) little activity by pressure groups to influence the organization Answer: C Page Ref: 49 Objective: 2 Difficulty: Moderate Classification: Conceptual 45) Which of the following statements is true of dynamic and complex environm

60、ents? A) They are characterized by a high degree of predictability of change. B) There are usually few components in such environments. C) A high need for sophisticated knowledge of components exists in such environments. D) The components in such environments are somewhat similar, but are conti

61、nually changing. Answer: C Page Ref: 49 Objective: 2 Difficulty: Moderate Classification: Conceptual 46) If the components in an organization's environment exhibit minimal change, such an environment is said to be ________. A) volatile B) dynamic C) stable D) active Answer: C Pa

62、ge Ref: 49 Objective: 2 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 47) D&B Designs has been in the landscape design business in Pleasantville for the past twenty years. As the "first mover" in the market, the company has built a strong market share over the years and is the b

63、est-known firm in the area. The company strength increased steadily, and now stands at fifty employees. Which of the following, if true, would make the company's business environment more uncertain? A) Homeowners in the area take pride in their gardens and are avid do-it-yourself gardeners. B)

64、 Demand for landscaping services dips every autumn and winter. C) A long-time competitor quit the landscape design business last year. D) Zoning laws in the area change as each new city council comes into power. Answer: D Page Ref: 49 AACSB: Analytic Skills Objective: 2 Difficulty: Modera

65、te Classification: Application 48) In which of the following environments do managers in an organization have the greatest influence on organizational outcomes? A) stable and complex environments B) dynamic and simple environments C) stable and simple environments D) dynamic and complex en

66、vironments Answer: C Page Ref: 50 Objective: 2 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 49) Which of the following environments is characterized by the highest level of environmental uncertainty? A) a stable and complex environment B) a dynamic and simple environment C) a stable an

67、d simple environment D) a dynamic and complex environment Answer: D Page Ref: 50 Objective: 2 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 50) The term ________ is used to collectively refer to any constituencies in an organization's environment that are affected by its decisions and actions. A) competitors B) shareholders C) unions D) stakeholders Answ