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Unit 3 Under the sea ***閱讀理解。 German artist HA Schult is an unusual artist who uses trash (廢物)to make sculptures.“We are living in the time of garbage，” says Schult.“I created a thousand sculptures of garbage.They are a mirror of ourselves.” Here，Schult was talking about his 1,000 trash sculptures in the form of humans.He first exhibited them in 1996 in the western German state of North RhineWestphalia. “They are social sculptures，” he explains.“They are not only sculptures for the eyes.They are sculptures to spread the idea that we live in a time of garbage.” So far，Schults social sculptures have been on show in Paris，in Moscows Red Square，on the Great Wall of China，and in the desert next to the Pyramids of Giza near Cairo. HA Schults work is unforgettable.Although his work has had a big influence on the art world，Schult remains modest about his creations：“Artists have to learn every time.We are not important.All that counts is the time in which we are living.” Trash art has been around for years.But it seems that only the popular artists are regarded as true artists when working with trash.Why cant mon people be considered artists when they use the same things and change them into some form of personal art？Maybe its because we all have our own preset ideas of what art is and isnt，or whom artists are or should be. You can be an artist like Schult if you try.Look at used metal cans.What might be done with them？Imagine them in any number of new uses，or imagine them simply as an art form.What about boxes or clothing? Boxes can usually serve as new storage containers and houses for pets.And clothing？Imagine taking old clothes and turning them into hats or hanging organizers. 1．What do we know about Schults sculptures? A．They served as garbage containers. B．They reflected environmental issues. C．They were first shown in Paris，F(xiàn)rance. D．They were to raise economic awareness. 2．HA Schults artistic works also get the message across that an artist must ________. A．be socially responsible B．be as modest as possible C．make garbage recyclable D．take diverse artistic forms 3．According to the last 2 paragraphs，the author probably agrees that ________. A．it takes talent to be a trash artist B．preset ideas are important to artists C．trash art cant be seen as a real art form D．a(chǎn)verage people can also make trash artists 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Could You Be a Trash Artist? B．What Are Social Sculptures? C．Do You Know about Trash Art? D．How Can We Deal with Used Cans? 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了一位德國(guó)藝術(shù)家利用垃圾創(chuàng)造藝術(shù)作品的故事，并以此鼓勵(lì)讀者行動(dòng)起來(lái)，為環(huán)保出一份力。 【難句分析】All that counts is the time in which we are living. 分析：本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，修飾先行詞All；in which＝where，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，修飾先行詞the time。 譯文：重要的是我們所生活的時(shí)代。 1．B　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“They are sculptures to spread the idea that we live in a time of garbage”可知，Schult的作品反映了環(huán)境問(wèn)題，故選B。A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在Schult的作品是用來(lái)當(dāng)垃圾桶的，這一信息文章并未提及；C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在Schult的作品首次是在法國(guó)巴黎展出，這與第一段最后一句“He first exhibited them in 1996 in the western German state of North RhineWestphalia”不符；D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在Schult的作品是為了提高人們的經(jīng)濟(jì)意識(shí)，這與其環(huán)保思想相悖，故排除。 2．A　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“All that counts is the time in which we are living”和第二段的整體內(nèi)容可推知，Schult的作品同樣傳遞了這樣一個(gè)思想，即藝術(shù)家除了自己的藝術(shù)追求之外，也應(yīng)該有社會(huì)責(zé)任感，故選A。 3．D　考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“You can be an artist like Schult if you try”可推知，作者認(rèn)為普通人也可以利用周?chē)膹U物或者垃圾而成為一位藝術(shù)家，故選D。 4．A　考查標(biāo)題判斷。文章最后一段第一句“You can be an artist like Schult if you try”點(diǎn)題，再結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可推知，本文主要通過(guò)講述一位藝術(shù)家利用垃圾創(chuàng)造藝術(shù)作品的故事，激勵(lì)人們行動(dòng)起來(lái)，為環(huán)保作貢獻(xiàn)，人人都可以成為一位藝術(shù)家，故A項(xiàng)最適合做文章標(biāo)題。 ***語(yǔ)法填空。 The British have many traditions but there is nothing more typical than taking afternoon tea. We know the Brits have a love affair with drinking tea, __1__ more than 160 million cups drunk every day, but it was the invention of afternoon tea __2__ turned tea drinking into __3__ popular hobby. This sociable feast involves drinking good quality tea __4__ (fort) while eating nice sandwiches, a selection of small cakes and so on. And, of course, it can only happen in the afternoon! Afternoon tea, which originally __5__ (design) as a light snack to bridge the gap between lunch and dinner, dates back to the 1840s. It went on to bee a __6__ (fashion) social occasion for the upper classes. Now there is a resurgence (復(fù)蘇) in its __7__ (popular) in the UK and it is available to anyone who can afford it. __8__ it can be enjoyed at home, the best way to experience it is at a smart hotel or caf. But if youre thinking of visiting such a place __9__ (enjoy) a plate of delicious treats with a steaming hot brew, remember the rules you must follow to avoid __10__ (ask) to leave. Writer Henry James once noted that “there are few hours in life more agreeable than the hour devoted to the ceremony known as afternoon tea” . Im sure once you try it, you will agree. 1．________ 　2.________ 　3.________ 　4.________ 　 5.________ 　6.________ 　7.________ 　8.________ 　 9.________ 　10.________ 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。喝下午茶是最為典型的英式傳統(tǒng)。濃郁的茶香配上精致、美味的各色茶點(diǎn)讓品飲下午茶成為了一件很愜意的事情。本文介紹了下午茶的起源、歷史、發(fā)展、現(xiàn)狀及受歡迎程度。 1．with 考查介詞。此處為“with＋名詞＋過(guò)去分詞”的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)用法，在句中作狀語(yǔ)。 2．that 考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，“the invention of afternoon tea”是被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分，故填that。 3．a(chǎn) 考查冠詞。a popular hobby “一個(gè)受歡迎的業(yè)余愛(ài)好”，此處用不定冠詞a表示泛指。 4．fortably 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。空處在句中修飾“喝茶”這一動(dòng)作，充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)成分，應(yīng)該用副詞。 5．was designed 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。該空在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)，design與作主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且由“originally”“dates back to the 1840s”可知應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 6．fashionable 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾其后的名詞短語(yǔ)social occasion，作定語(yǔ)，用形容詞。 7．popularity 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。該空充當(dāng)介詞in的賓語(yǔ)，所以用名詞。 8．Although/While/Though 考查連詞。分析句意可知，句子中存在讓步的邏輯關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用連詞Although，While或Though來(lái)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。 9．to enjoy 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處為動(dòng)詞不定式在句中充當(dāng)目的狀語(yǔ)。 10．being asked 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞avoid后需接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，并且ask和you之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式being asked。 ***完形填空。 A year ago, once my siblings(兄弟姐妹) and I had left home, my parents moved to the other side of the country. They have 　1　 a beautiful house and love their new, wild 　2　. My dad still works, but mum 　3　 early last year and is now struggling and being increasingly unhappy and 　4　. She has tried joining clubs, to 　5　 people and integrate into her new munity but without any luck. She still knows no one despite her best 　6　. The area they have moved to is closed and 　7　 to strangers. She is many miles from her old friends and family, 　8　 all day, every day with only pets for pany. She is very intelligent, artistic, loyal and funny—a truly amazing person. She has always had lovely friends and been 　9　 and busy. It is breaking my heart to watch her 　10　 loneliness and so many knock-backs(挫折). Recently, when I chat to her, I have noticed her increasingly low 　11　—she jokes that she feels she is 　12　 a bit crazy from the quiet and 　13　. After many years working and 　14　 a family, she should be finally free to enjoy herself. 　15　, my siblings and I do not live nearby so we cannot visit her frequently—we all keep in contact with her by phone. My dad doesn’t understand her 　16　 as he is out at work all day. He is kept busy with his job and cannot understand how she can be so unhappy when living in such a beautiful place and without the pressure of work. He is at a loss to know how he can 　17　 things and feels guilty and 　18　 for how she feels. It has got so bad that they are 　19　 moving again to a different area, however, I am increasingly in favor of that. Friendship and 　20　 are far more important than a fancy house. 【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。母親退休后, 舉家搬到了另外一座城市。盡管房子很大很漂亮, 但在新的地方, 習(xí)慣了忙碌的母親仍感到不幸福和孤獨(dú), 由此作者得出: 在人生中, 友誼和娛樂(lè)遠(yuǎn)比昂貴精致的房子重要。 1. A. built　 B. described 　C. selected 　D. searched 【解析】選A。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。build修建; describe描繪; select挑選; search尋找。根據(jù)前文“my parents moved to the other side of the country”的語(yǔ)境提示可知此處為我的父母在新的地方修建了自家漂亮的房子, 故選A。 2. A. scenery B. surroundings C. atmosphere D. attraction 【解析】選B?？疾槊~辨析。scenery景色, 風(fēng)景; surroundings環(huán)境; atmosphere氣氛; attraction吸引人的事物。父母很喜歡新家的環(huán)境, 故選B。 3. A. dismissed B. displaced C. retired D. removed 【解析】選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。dismiss解雇; displace取代; retire退休; remove挪走。根據(jù)前文“My dad still works”父親依然在工作及but可知此處前后形成轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比關(guān)系, 母親已經(jīng)退休, 故選C。 4. A. available B. satisfied C. painful D. isolated 【解析】選D。考查形容詞辨析。available可供使用的; satisfied 滿足的; painful痛苦的; isolated孤獨(dú)的。根據(jù)后文“She has tried joining clubs, to meet people and integrate into her new munity but without any luck. ”的語(yǔ)境提示可知此處為她變得越來(lái)越不高興和孤獨(dú)了, 故選D。 5. A. meet B. recognize C. track D. call 【解析】選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。meet會(huì)見(jiàn); recognize辨認(rèn), 承認(rèn); track跟蹤; call打電話。根據(jù)前文“She has tried joining clubs”可知此處與前后文在語(yǔ)義上形成并列, 即她曾經(jīng)嘗試著加入俱樂(lè)部, 會(huì)見(jiàn)人和融入新的社區(qū)但都不是那么幸運(yùn), 故選A。 6. A. ments B. attempts C. efforts D. pains 【解析】選C?？疾槊~辨析。ment評(píng)論; attempt企圖; effort努力, 付出; pain痛苦。根據(jù)前文“. . . but without any luck. ”的描述可知此處為盡管母親付出了很大的努力但仍沒(méi)有結(jié)識(shí)朋友, 故選C。 7. A. illegal B. unfriendly C. dishonest D. innocent 【解析】選B。考查形容詞辨析。illegal不合法的; unfriendly不友好的; dishonest不誠(chéng)實(shí)的; innocent單純的, 無(wú)辜的。根據(jù)句意可知: 他們搬去的地方封閉, 對(duì)待陌生人也不友好, 故選B。 8. A. stuck B. lost C. hit D. addicted 【解析】選A。考查詞義辨析。stuck困住的; lost迷失的; hit擊打; addicted沉溺的。根據(jù)前文“She is many miles from her old friends and family”及后文“every day with only pets for pany”的描述可知此處為整天困在家中, 故選A。 9. A. graceful B. messy C. aggressive D. happy 【解析】選D?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。graceful感激的; messy混亂的; aggressive好斗的, 有進(jìn)取心的; happy高興的, 幸福的。母親曾經(jīng)是很幸福快樂(lè)的, 這樣搬家前后的生活形成對(duì)比, 故選D。 10. A. escape B. endure C. undertake D. solve 【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。escape逃跑; endure承受; undertake從事; solve解決。根據(jù)句意: 看到母親承受那么多的孤獨(dú)和打擊, 我的心就要碎了, 故選B。 11. A. attitude B. condition C. determination D. mood 【解析】選D。考查名詞辨析。attitude態(tài)度; condition狀況, 情勢(shì); determination決心; mood情緒。根據(jù)下文“she jokes that she feels she is going through a bit crazy from the quiet and loneliness”的描述可知此處為我注意到母親的情緒有點(diǎn)低落, 故選D。 12. A. making up B. going through C. pursuing D. witnessing 【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。make up編造, 化妝; go through經(jīng)歷; pursue追求; witness目擊, 見(jiàn)證。根據(jù)句意: 母親開(kāi)玩笑似地說(shuō)她正在經(jīng)歷安靜和孤獨(dú)引起的瘋狂, 故選B。 13. A. pressure B. loss C. loneliness D. ambition 【解析】選C?？疾槊~辨析。pressure壓力; loss丟失; loneliness孤獨(dú); ambition野心, 志向。根據(jù)前文“It is breaking my heart to watch her endure loneliness and so many knock-backs. ”的提示可知此處為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn), 故選C。 14. A. raising B. providing C. protecting D. educating 【解析】選A。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)句意: 多年的工作和養(yǎng)育一家人后, 她本可以自由地享受生活, 此處raise a family意為“養(yǎng)育一家人”符合語(yǔ)境, 故選A。 15. A. Unbelievably B. Remarkably C. Unfortunately D. Especially 【解析】選C。考查副詞辨析。unbelievably難以置信地; remarkably非常地, 引人注目地; unfortunately不幸地; especially尤其地。根據(jù)后文“my siblings and I do not live nearby so we cannot visit her frequently—we all keep in contact with her by phone”的描述可知我和兄弟姐妹由于住的離母親遠(yuǎn), 只能通過(guò)電話與她聯(lián)系, 所以此處為不幸的是, 故選C。 16. A. intention B. experience C. character D. situation 【解析】選D?？疾槊~辨析。intention意圖; experience經(jīng)歷; character性格; situation情況, 狀況。父親經(jīng)常上班, 所以此處為父親不能夠理解母親現(xiàn)在的狀況, 故選D。 17. A. change B. observe C. appreciate D. increase 【解析】選A。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。change改變; observe觀察; appreciate欣賞, 感激; increase提高。后文“. . . and feels guilty and sad for how she feels. ”父親對(duì)于母親的感受感到內(nèi)疚和憂傷, 所以此處應(yīng)為他也不知道如何改變現(xiàn)狀, 故選A。 18. A. confused B. slim C. sad D. relaxed 【解析】選C?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。根據(jù)句意: 父親不知道如何改變現(xiàn)狀, 對(duì)母親的感受感到內(nèi)疚和憂傷, 故選C。 19. A. admitting B. considering C. enjoying D. avoiding 【解析】選B?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。他們正在考慮搬到另外一個(gè)地方。consider doing sth. 考慮做某事, 故選B。 20. A. excitement B. embarrassment C. disappointment D. enjoyment 【解析】選D。考查名詞辨析。excitement興奮; embarrassment尷尬; disappointment失望; enjoyment 享受, 娛樂(lè)。根據(jù)句意: 我越來(lái)越贊同, 友誼和娛樂(lè)遠(yuǎn)比昂貴精致的房子重要。故選D。 ***短文改錯(cuò)。 Nowadays more and more people would rather to look for a job on the Internet than in the newspapers or in the job market. There are many reasons for my preference, one of that is that a job hunter can find a job conveniently. He neednt bother to get remendations from relative or friends, or registration at an employment exchange. Besides, a job hunter can get a job by simple browsing among the advertisements online and sending resumes by e－mail. Finally, the success rate is very high. But even if one fails to find a job, it can spare him the embarrassment of refused. As for me, I believe that as the increasing popularity of the Internet, this new way would win favor among more and more jobless people and laidoff workers. Its due to its convenience, efficient and high success rate. 答案： Nowadays more and more people would rather look for a job on the Internet than in the newspapers or in the job market. There are many reasons for preference, one of is that a job hunter can find a job conveniently. He neednt bother to get remendations from or friends, or registration at an employment exchange. Besides, a job hunter can get a job by browsing among the advertisements online and sending resumes by e－mail. Finally, the success rate is very high. even if one fails to find a job, it can spare him the embarrassment of refused. As for me, I believe that the increasing popularity of the Internet, this new way win favor among more and more jobless people and laidoff workers. Its due to its convenience, and high success rate. 難項(xiàng)分析： 第一處：去掉rather后的to 考查固定用法。would rather do sth.為固定用法，意為“寧愿做某事”，故去掉to。 第五處：simple→simply 考查副詞。應(yīng)用副詞修飾browsing這一動(dòng)詞。 第七處：refused前加being 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞，又因?yàn)閞efuse與其邏輯主語(yǔ)one之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式。 ***