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1、《新視野大學(xué)英語讀寫教程》 第三冊(cè)Unit10 【課文翻譯及課后答案】 1945年12月5日下午兩點(diǎn)，天氣非常適合飛行，五架海軍飛機(jī)從佛羅里達(dá)州東南部的一個(gè) 海軍飛行基地起飛，在大西洋上空作一次例行飛行訓(xùn)練。 不到兩小時(shí)，飛行指揮官用無線電報(bào)告說，他已 ”完全迷失了方向”。 接著是一片寂靜。 一架救援飛機(jī)被派出去搜尋失蹤的飛機(jī)，但同樣，它也消失得無影無蹤。 盡管美國(guó)海軍發(fā)動(dòng)了有史以來范圍最大的一次搜尋， 動(dòng)用了 300多架飛機(jī)和幾十艘戰(zhàn)艦，依 然一無所獲，甚至沒發(fā)現(xiàn)一點(diǎn)油跡漂在水上。 這僅是眾多有關(guān)”百慕大三角”的恐怖故事之一?！卑倌酱笕恰笔谴笪餮蟮囊惶幧衩氐貛?，大 致范圍

2、從百慕大朝西南沿佛羅里達(dá)海岸再至波多黎各。 由于這里的天氣異常，水手當(dāng)中傳說它是 ”大西洋中的墓地”。 在過去的30年中，該三角已吞噬了近 1,000名水手和飛機(jī)駕駛員的生命。 當(dāng)年克里斯托弗?哥倫布進(jìn)入這片大西洋的水域時(shí)， 注意到”白色的海水”泛起一道道奇特的 光。 這些神奇的光帶如今仍然可見，而且明亮得連在繞地球軌道飛行的美國(guó)飛船里都可以看到。 這個(gè)三角地帶通過三本暢銷書、一部電視片和一個(gè)特別展覽引起了公眾極大的興趣。 這些研究之作都未能令人信服地解答百慕大三角之謎，但其中不乏有趣的理論。 有些科學(xué)家和通俗作家居然猜測(cè)此三角地帶是外星人為他們的 ”動(dòng)物園"捕捉人類標(biāo)

3、本之地。 不論真相如何，飛機(jī)和船只仍常常消失在這個(gè)三角地帶。 1947年7月3日，一架美國(guó)空軍 飛機(jī)消失在百慕大附近 100英里的地方，事先沒有任何遇難警示。 隨后立即展開了范圍寬達(dá) 100,000平方英里的海面搜索，但沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)一片失蹤飛機(jī)的殘骸。 1948年1月30日，一架英國(guó)飛機(jī)消失在該三角地帶上空，機(jī)上有 31名乘客和機(jī)組人員。 一年后，失蹤飛機(jī)的姊妹機(jī)也消失了。 72架搜索飛機(jī)加上幾十艘船，都沒能找到失蹤飛機(jī) 的任何蹤影。 被這神秘三角吞噬的最大的船只之一，是一艘 500英尺的運(yùn)煤船，它于 1918年3月4日消 失。 調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有惡劣天氣的跡象，沒有求救信號(hào)，沒有船只

4、殘骸，也沒有船上 309人的蹤跡。 更怪的是，無數(shù)”鬼船"被人發(fā)現(xiàn)漂浮在三角區(qū)域內(nèi)，船上卻杳無人跡。 1881年一個(gè)詭異的 日子里，貨輪"艾倫?奧斯丁 "號(hào)發(fā)現(xiàn)了一艘小帆船，帆在風(fēng)中無望地飄動(dòng)。 船長(zhǎng)通過望遠(yuǎn)鏡看見甲板上沒有人。 船上載滿了木材，但沒有人類生命的跡象。 "艾倫?奧斯丁 "號(hào)的船長(zhǎng)組織了一組新的船員 去開船。 可是，兩天以后，一場(chǎng)暴風(fēng)雨使兩艘船一時(shí)間失散了。 當(dāng)船長(zhǎng)再次登上那艘船時(shí)，他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的船員都失蹤了。 他又派去了一組船員，之后這船又在大霧中迷失了方向。 這一次，除了船員，連船也不見了蹤影。 而美國(guó)海軍官方

5、并不承認(rèn)此三角區(qū)為危險(xiǎn)地帶, 都應(yīng)歸咎于該地區(qū)獨(dú)特的環(huán)境特征 ”。 他們相信”（三角地帶的）大多數(shù)失蹤事件, 這其中包括墨西哥灣的湍急海流， 尚未探測(cè)的大西洋海溝，以及該神秘區(qū)域經(jīng)常變幻莫測(cè)的 惡劣天氣。 除此之外，此三角是地球上惟一的兩個(gè)羅盤指針指向真正北方而不是磁極北方的地段之一， 這就造成了航行上的麻煩。 ”那里的怪事、奇事層出不窮，"《魔鬼三角》的作者理查德?文 納說。他這本書從三個(gè)月前出版以來，已經(jīng)售出了 50萬冊(cè)。"但是我相信，所有的答案都 歸于人為失誤、機(jī)械故障、怪異的大氣活動(dòng)或者異常的磁場(chǎng)現(xiàn)象。 ” 與此相反，另一家政府部門的官員報(bào)告

6、： ”迄今為止，還沒人對(duì)失蹤事件做出合理的解釋。 "由于這些不確定的因素，個(gè)人調(diào)查者往往尋求較為荒誕的解釋。 一名作者認(rèn)為，外星人在三角區(qū)內(nèi)尚未被考察的大西洋海底建立了高度發(fā)達(dá)的文明。 他相信大部分失蹤的船只和船員可能依然被陳列在那里，供那些高級(jí)智能生命研究。 該作者指出，”這聽起來很荒唐，除非你意識(shí)到它是惟一能涵蓋所有事實(shí)的解釋。 ” 所有這些和其他理論都在查爾斯?伯利茨的新書《百慕大三角》里得到研究。 伯利茨對(duì)傳說中消失的島嶼亞特蘭蒂斯很感興趣， 他擴(kuò)展了這一學(xué)說，認(rèn)為曾是亞特蘭蒂斯 發(fā)電機(jī)的巨型太陽能水晶現(xiàn)在就在海底。 按照他的理論，過往的船只或飛機(jī)時(shí)不時(shí)會(huì)觸動(dòng)

7、那塊水晶， 于是它會(huì)干擾它們的儀器，把它 們吸入海底。 為了檢驗(yàn)這些理論，有一家機(jī)構(gòu)計(jì)劃派遣 300名通靈人士和科學(xué)家前往百慕大三角。 這些研究人員希望能與任何可能居住在海底的 ”高級(jí)智能生命”接觸。 生命之旅 我登上世界上最新式的噴氣式戰(zhàn)斗機(jī) F-16的后座， 此時(shí)云層正籠罩在我們空軍基地的上空， 但我知道，很快我將升至云端之上，那里陽光燦爛。 一名機(jī)械師幫我系上降落傘背帶，插上能讓我在 35,000英尺高空呼吸和談話的機(jī)械系統(tǒng)。 "當(dāng)你拉動(dòng)G服時(shí)，"他提醒我道（G指的是重力），”你的重力服就會(huì)自動(dòng)充氣。 "我當(dāng)然希 望如此。 在重力如此之大

8、的環(huán)境中執(zhí)行任務(wù)，要是我的重力服失靈，我就沒命了。 "遇到緊急情況，"他說，"就拉動(dòng)你兩腿之間的手柄。 你座位下的火箭會(huì)把你連同座位一起彈出機(jī)艙。 你的降落傘也會(huì)自動(dòng)打開。 ”分手時(shí)，機(jī)械師還禁不住開了個(gè)玩笑： "如果你非用逃生設(shè)備 不可，而它又不靈，那就把它帶回來好了，我們負(fù)責(zé)換一個(gè)。 ” 在我設(shè)法坐得舒服些時(shí)，駕駛員帕特里克?漢密爾頓少校上了飛機(jī)，開始給飛機(jī)電腦編程。 然后，我的耳中傳來他通過麥克風(fēng)發(fā)出的指令： "如果你準(zhǔn)備好了，我們就出發(fā)。 ”引擎轟 鳴著發(fā)動(dòng)起來，強(qiáng)大的渦輪機(jī)發(fā)出的聲音可以把死人吵醒。 我們要飛入空中做實(shí)

9、戰(zhàn)演習(xí)。 我期待著我的生命之旅，而且理由很充分： F-16是個(gè)造價(jià)2,000萬美元的硬家伙，馬力大 到能以兩倍的音速飛行。 在急轉(zhuǎn)彎和俯沖后拉升時(shí)， 它能達(dá)到超重9倍，也就是重力的9倍，讓一個(gè)體重200磅的男 子重達(dá)近1噸。 飛機(jī)沿著水泥地面呼嘯著，猛地把我壓向椅背。 幾秒鐘后，我們的速度就達(dá)到了每小時(shí) 145英里。 飛機(jī)像離膛的子彈射入空中，很快我們升到了 2,000英尺的高空，并在繼續(xù)爬升。 F-16可以垂直向上飛，能旋轉(zhuǎn)、俯沖、轉(zhuǎn)彎、爬升、翻滾，能像鷹一樣優(yōu)雅地翻筋斗。 可是，攜帶著演習(xí)炸彈和 8,000磅汽油，這架主要用鋁合金制造的飛機(jī)重達(dá) 15噸左右。 控制這架精密的

10、機(jī)器和它所攜帶的眾多武器， 就像玩一個(gè)備有幾十個(gè)按鈕、 價(jià)值百萬的電子 游戲。 "這些控制裝置非常靈敏，”漢密爾頓少校說，"它們幾乎就是駕駛員身體的延伸。 ” 不到五分鐘，我們就升到了 35,000英尺的高度。 由于速度幾近音速，我們把引擎的轟鳴聲甩在了后面， 幾乎沒有速度或飛行的感覺， 也察覺不到飛機(jī)沖破聲障時(shí)發(fā)出的隆隆聲。 飛行之旅激動(dòng)人心而又平和安詳，窗外的景色非常美麗： 頭上是一片藍(lán)色的天海，身下鋪著雪白的云毯。 坐在透明的機(jī)艙內(nèi)，我們覺得溫暖而舒適，然而外面卻是一個(gè)截然不同的世界。 大氣溫度為零下30攝氏度，空氣稀薄得無法呼吸。 在我們的身后

11、，拖著一道道白色的尾巴， 那是我們的排氣口放出的熱氣與低于零度的大氣相 遇而形成的。 我們的目標(biāo)區(qū)在向北 250英里處。 有幾分鐘，我們將直線飛行，所以漢密爾頓少校把控制裝置交給我。 "可別做異想天開的事， "他警告說。 天哪！ 我想起了所有那些愿意用一個(gè)月的薪水來換取我現(xiàn)在的位置的駕駛員。 我把飛機(jī)向右拐，但用力過大，變成了急轉(zhuǎn)彎。 于是我做了糾正，握緊操縱桿轉(zhuǎn)向左邊。 這就是我做的所謂異想天開的事。 水平直線駕駛F-16非常簡(jiǎn)單。 在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中駕駛并控制好那些復(fù)雜的武器系統(tǒng)則需要更加地專心。 駕駛員必須能控制一整套設(shè)備，包括機(jī)燈、儀表盤、手柄、數(shù)字顯

12、示器和其他電子設(shè)備。 我通過麥克風(fēng)發(fā)表了自己的看法： ”駕駛這架飛機(jī)，你得是個(gè)工程師或者是名計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家。 "那當(dāng)然有用，”漢密爾頓少校說。 但他又補(bǔ)充道：”可你無須知道各部件是怎樣組裝的，只要知道系統(tǒng)怎樣操作就行了。 就算是只猴子，也能開這架飛機(jī)。 ” 突然，我們聽到指揮官說發(fā)現(xiàn) ”敵"機(jī)。 我們開始行動(dòng)，從 35,000英尺的空中迅速向下俯沖。 我做好了準(zhǔn)備，知道我們將會(huì)拉動(dòng) G服。 當(dāng)重力儀表顯示6.2時(shí)，我就再也不能把腳從地板上抬起來了。 毫無疑問，重力服現(xiàn)在重達(dá) 100英磅。 血液從我的頭部直往腳底沖，我的視線開始模糊。 我的G服現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)充滿了氣

13、，緊緊地壓住我的雙腿，逼迫血液流回身體的上半部。 飛機(jī)不停地旋轉(zhuǎn)、拐彎、翻滾、爬升和俯沖，不停地把我從一邊甩到另一邊。 我不知道怎么做了。事實(shí)上，我是在堅(jiān)持著。 在我們執(zhí)行任務(wù)的過程中，并沒有飛機(jī)真正被擊落。 但是和錄像機(jī)相連的攝像機(jī)已經(jīng)將行動(dòng)記錄到了錄像帶上。 擊中或脫靶由電腦確定，我們將在飛行后的討論會(huì)上觀看并評(píng)價(jià)這一過程。 盡管少校開玩笑說，駕駛 F-16是件多么容易的事，然而事實(shí)是，駕駛這架飛機(jī)的飛行員必 須是專家才行。 而且為了承受高度超重力運(yùn)動(dòng)所產(chǎn)生的力，他的身體狀況也必須是一流的。 在漢密爾頓少校把我們的飛機(jī)輕巧地降下時(shí)， 我非常慶幸飛機(jī)的飛行員是他，而不是只猴子

14、。 他的確給了我一次生命之旅。 輕松打的 旅行專家斯泰西?拉威爾?阿巴伯內(nèi)爾說，只要觀光客懂得規(guī)矩， 在世界任何地方坐出租車 旅行都很安全。 在某些城市里，有人走近你，并主動(dòng)提出載你一程，這是很常見的。 通常，他們是想賺些外快的當(dāng)?shù)厝耍?而不是經(jīng)過安全訓(xùn)練、受過背景考察、 持有運(yùn)營(yíng)執(zhí)照的 出租車駕駛員。"這些人可能非常咄咄逼人， ”有位旅行者警告說，而你也需要咄咄逼人才 行。 像在南美這樣的地方，通常你會(huì)被一圈人圍住， 他說："我高昂著頭，徑直走向我看中的出租車，然后問， ’這是誰的車？’ ” 避免碰上非法出租車的一個(gè)辦法， 就是熟悉觀光地表示有照出租

15、車的標(biāo)志， 并了解不同的車 子以及/或者不同的牌照顏色所代表的含義。 比如，在墨西哥城辨認(rèn)出租車有一個(gè)三級(jí)體系。 橙白相間的是最舒適的四門轎車，還帶有計(jì)程器。 綠白相間的就低一個(gè)檔次，但也有計(jì)程器。 黃白相間的更低一級(jí)，沒有計(jì)程器，因此一定要在開車前商定好價(jià)錢。 一旦你找好了出租車，啟程費(fèi)、路程費(fèi)和其他費(fèi)用問題就隨之而來。 在有些國(guó)家，所有出租車都裝有計(jì)程器，政府控制著價(jià)格，所以不會(huì)有多少問題。 但在另一些地區(qū)，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)盡管車上裝有計(jì)程器，司機(jī)卻不愿意使用。 遇上這樣的情況，如果你知道有計(jì)程器，最好的辦法就是堅(jiān)持要求使用。 雖然計(jì)程器不會(huì)總是顯示正確的車費(fèi)， （有時(shí)司機(jī)不誠(chéng)實(shí)，

16、會(huì)改裝計(jì)程器讓它們跑得更快， ） 但你也別指望司機(jī)的報(bào)價(jià)會(huì)更便宜。 因此，如果你找的司機(jī)堅(jiān)持說他或她的計(jì)程器不能用，那就另找一輛出租車。 可是，遇上的確沒有計(jì)程器的國(guó)家該怎么辦呢？ 有兩種方法可供選用。 一是在上車前商量好價(jià)錢。 在俄羅斯，這是惟 一使用的辦法?！蹦憬衼硪惠v出租車，車來了后別急著上車， ” 一位有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的游客說， "司 機(jī)會(huì)俯身靠在乘客一端的窗口，你告訴他你要到哪里去，然后商量?jī)r(jià)錢。 ” 但另一個(gè)人在他的拉丁美洲之行中卻采用了不同的方法。 他那"從不問價(jià)”的策略是這樣操作的： "在機(jī)場(chǎng)時(shí)，我向三四個(gè)人打聽到我的目的地要花多 少錢

17、，"他解釋說，"我從不問司機(jī)要多少錢，只照別人告訴我的少付一些。 如果不夠，司機(jī)會(huì)告訴你?！? 車費(fèi)真要是比你以為的多，你就得考慮該做何選擇了。 當(dāng)然，差價(jià)懸殊可能使你和司機(jī)爭(zhēng)論起來。 但是，有位旅客強(qiáng)調(diào)說，考慮到兌換率，這一差價(jià)就沒有幾個(gè)錢了。 她說："選擇一下是否要和司機(jī)吵架，為 25或50美分吵架值不值得呢？ ” 在很多情況下，你認(rèn)為有假的價(jià)格其實(shí)是合法的額外費(fèi)用。 例如，在法國(guó)叫車，計(jì)程器會(huì)從出租車的所在地開始計(jì)算，等它到達(dá)時(shí)，計(jì)程器上已標(biāo)示 10美元了。 在澳大利亞和新加坡，電話叫車要收取額外費(fèi)用。 在倫敦和新加坡還有種午夜后收費(fèi)，這就

18、是為什么新加坡的出租車在晚上 11: 30后就消失， 直到半夜后才又出現(xiàn)的原因。 還有些城市要求支付行李附加費(fèi)。 大致了解一個(gè)城市乘坐出租車的習(xí)慣也可以使你的旅程更加愉快。 比如，德國(guó)人，特別是男性乘客，習(xí)慣和司機(jī)并排坐在汽車前座。這在澳大利亞也很常見。 在墨西哥，如果司機(jī)在載你的過程中再接乘客，也不要感到吃驚。 在泰國(guó)，坐在后座的乘客被勸告不要把腳擱在自己身前的座位上， 因?yàn)樗緳C(jī)覺得這很粗魯（腳 被認(rèn)為是身體上最低等、最骯臟的部分） 。 日本的出租車都有自動(dòng)開門關(guān)門的設(shè)備。 有個(gè)日本人就警告說："別站得離門太近，要不會(huì)打著你的。 ”坐在新加坡的出租車?yán)铮? 要被

19、鈴聲嚇著，那只是個(gè)信號(hào)，警告司機(jī)車已經(jīng)超過限制速度了。 如果你一定要到出租車稀少的偏僻地區(qū)旅游， 或者你一天中打算做多次停留， 你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)包租 全天或半天的出租車更方便、更便宜。 租用賓館外的出租車一般最可靠，但也最昂貴。 如果你是在一個(gè)要擔(dān)心安全的國(guó)家旅游，那就堅(jiān)持用賓館的出租車。 而在其他地方，你可以和街上的司機(jī)做一筆好交易。 如果你打算和某一個(gè)司機(jī)相處好長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間，事先要計(jì)劃好，以保證當(dāng)天順利。 例如，在亞洲國(guó)家，要請(qǐng)人把你的目的地和方向用亞洲文字寫下來。 Basic Liste ning Practice 1. Script W: Let me recommend my

20、 brother to you. He ' s really done well in the stock market over the last few years. M: The real questi on is this: How have you dine by tak ing his advice? Q: What does the man mean? 2. Script M: Many in vestors jump on IPOs, hop ing to get rich by getti ng into a stock early before it goe

21、s up. W: But isn ' t that a bit like buying a book without reading it? I mean, what if it doesn ' t go up? Q: What is the woman ' s opinion? 3. Script W: The Dow was down again today. It ' s hard to make money when high fuel prices are killing the stock market. M: There ' s

22、 still money to be made. If you bought oil futures three mon ths ago, you ' d be smili ng right now. Q: What can we lear n from the dialog? 4. Script M: I can ' t wait to get back to my computer. Online share trading has totally changed the stock market and the lives of in vestors. Hook u

23、p to the Internet and be your own broker! W: In other words you can cut out the middle man now. For about $ 500, you can open an acco unt and begi n buying and sell ing shares from your own home, 24 hours a day. Q: Which of the followi ng is true if they want to trade shares on the In ternet? 5.

24、Script M: Hold onto your hat! We ' ll be rich. I ' m buying shares in a new company. M: You can ' t buy IPO shares uni ess you have a big active with a broker. The day of dot-com fortunes from IPOs are over. Q: Accord ing to the con versati on, what is the con diti on for buying IPO s

25、hares. 1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. C Liste ning In Task 1: Tell me about the stock excha nge. Script George: I' m supposed to give a presentation on the stock exchange, but I don' t yet know a thing about it. Could you give me some tips? Diana: The problem with you is that you ' ve

26、skipped too many classes. Now, let me give you a few tips. First of all, you need to define the stock exchange. It ' s an organization of brokers and in vestme nt ban kers .In Europe it is ofte n called a bourse. George: Could you tell me more about it? Like, how does it work? Diana: It provid

27、es facilities for the trading of company stocks, mainly the location and the record-keep ing devices. George: Can I go and trade there? Diana: It depe nds. You have to be a member of the excha nge before you can buy and sell shares there. They call it havi ng “ a seaf on the excha nge. George: So

28、mething they use the term “ stock market ” . Diana: Well, the tradi ng of stock on stock excha nges is called the stock market. George: How can a compa ny be listed on the stock excha nge? Diana: It has to meet certa in requireme nts. To be listed on the New York Stock Excha nge last year, for ex

29、ample, a company had to have issued at least a million shares of stock worth $ 16 and had to have had more tha n $ 2.5 milli on net in come. George: Wow, that' s a huge sum! Small companies haven' t got a chanee. Diana: Big compa nies have more in flue nee on the stock prices after all.

30、George: I see what you mean. Stock excha nge a thi ng some tips defi ne in vestme nt ban kers Europe a member stock market requireme nts a millio n shares net in come Task 2: Stockbroker helps Mr. Jun kie to short Script ABC stock reached $ 155. "$ 155” for a stock that should be

31、valued at $ 100. Wow! “ That' s it,f I said to myself. "It' s time I make a decision. I ' m going to short that stock. ” I thought to myself, “ This stock is overvalued. It can ' t remain at the present level for long. This means money in the ban k. ” So I phoned my broker. “

32、 I want to place a trade. I want to short 1,500 shares of ABC. “I' m sorry, Mr. Junkie, ” he said, " I can' t process that for you. Your account is cash account. You n eed a margin acco unt to short a stock. I can send you the applicati on form or you n earest finan cial in stituti on

33、to fill out the forms. ” The minute I got of the phon e, I heard out the door because time is mon ey. I ran to the finan cial in stituti on to fill out the form and sent it to the broker by express mail service. Next morning I called him. “ Hello, it ' s Mr. Junkie. Did you get my application?

34、 “ Yes.” “Great, I would like to short ABC then. ” “One minute please …I' m sorry, Mr. Junkie, but you now need a shorter ' s account.” “ What! You mean the margin acco un t is n ' t eno ugh?” “ No, you also need a shorter' s account. Any financial institution nearby has the for

35、ms. ” Off I ran aga in. I completed the form and had a taxi deliver to my broker. I n the after noon I called aga in. “ Hello, it ' s Mr. Junkie. I want to short 1,500 shares of ABC at $ 155.” A few moments later he answered, “ Mr. Junkie, I am sorry, but I don ' t think that is possible.

36、” “ Why not? ” “Well, the last trade went through at $ 99. ” F 1. The broker did not believe ABC stock could remain at $ 155 for long. T 2. Mr. Jun kie wan ted to short 1,500 shares of ABC. T 3. Mr. Jun kie could get a marg in acco unt through either a finan cial in stituti on or his broker.

37、 T 4. To short a stock, one n eeds both a margin acco unt and a shorter' s acco unt. F 5. Mr. Jun kie asked a taxi driver the forms for a marg in acco unt to the broker. Task 3: Who am I if I own stocks? Script When a pers on buys stocks in a compa ny, that pers on becomes a shareholder i

38、n that compa ny. Stockholder is ano ther n ame for shareholder. A shareholder can also be called an in vestor of the compa ny. When that compa ny makes mon ey, which can also be called earned in come or profit, the value of the compa ny' s stock often in creases. That's because more people m

39、ay become in terested in in vesti ng in the compa ny. Sometimes, shareholders receive a divide nd, which is part of the compa ny' s earned in comes, in the form of a cash payme nt. Some people try to make money by buying and selli ng stocks. Stock prices can move up and dow n. Shareholders may

40、make money or lose money by selling stocks that they own, depending on whether the price has gone up or down since they bought their shares. A company ' s stock price may be affected by market or economic conditions. For example, let 's say that BCD Enterprises is a software compa ny that ha

41、s in troduced a new video game into the market. If that game is a hit, sales of the video game could boost the company ' s earnings. Because of the potential for BCD En terprises to grow, its stock may be viewed as an attractive in vestme nt and its stock price may go up as more people buy its s

42、hares. On the other hand, let' s say the video game that BCD En terprises in troduced is a flop. Or, it could be a good time, but BCD in troduced it at a time whe n people are spending less on leisure products, and hardly anyone is buying the game. So it' s reported that BCD is losi ng money

43、 because of this new product. The n the stock price for BCD En terprises may go dow n if a nu mber of shareholders decide to sell their shares. 1. What is the passage mainly concerned with? C) The in flue nee of shareholders ' buying and sell ing on a compa ny. 2. Which of the followi ng is N

44、OT the same as a shareholder? B) A pers on selli ng shares on behalf of others. 3. What may affect a company ' s stock price? D) All of the above. 4. According to the passage, which of the following is true if a company ' s product is good? A) The company ' s stock price may go up.

45、 5. Why does the speaker men ti on BCD En terprises? D) BCD is used as an example to illustrate the stock market prin ciples Speak ing Out MODEL 1 The stock market is drive n by fear and greed. Chris: Nora! Nora: Hey Chris. Why the big grin? You look like the cat that swallowed the can ary. C

46、hris: Even better. An un cle I hardly knew passes away and left an in herita nee of $ 100,000. So now I ' m thinking of making some investments. Nora: Good idea, thouh it would be more fun if we spe nt it together. What sort of in vestme nt do you have in mind? Chris: The stock market is look

47、ing attractive. It ' s been a bear market for several years now, and I think stock prices are pretty depressed. Nora: The decli ng market has in vestors depressed,too. Chris: But all things work in cycles. A bear market will even tually be followed by a bull market. Nora: That' s sure. I&

48、#39; ve been reading that investors are coming back to the market, and that will drive up the value of stocks. Chris: I believe the market is pick ing up. Nora: But there ' s still a risk. Wars, weather problems ——all these impact in cestors' con fide nee. Chris: I know what you mean. The

49、 stock market is drive n by fear snd greed. When in vestors are cin fide nt od making of a fortune, they buy — that' s greed at work. Nora: But along comes someth ing to shake their con fide nee … Chris: Like a rise in in terest rates, for example, and bin go, they become afraid that they mig

50、ht lose their shares, so they pull out of the market. Now Your Turn A: I ' ve saved a lot of money over the past years, and now I ' d like to in vest it for a profit. B: What sort of in vestme nt do you have in mind? A: The stock market is looking attractive. It ' s been a bear marke

51、t for several years now, and I think stock prices are pretty depressed. B: The falli ng market has discouraged many in vestors. A: But all things work in cycles. A bear market will even tually be followed by a bull market. B: That' s true. When the market does touch its bottom, it ' ll re

52、bound. A: I hope the in vestors will soon come back to the market and drive it up. B: But there ' re still risks. Wars, weather problems ——all these affect buyers' con fide nee. We' re not sure if the market has reached its bottom. A: The bear market has lasted over four years; I thi

53、nk it ' s time for it to pick up. B: It' s really hard to say. The Japanese stock market has had a bear run of about ten years. A: Really? B: And when NASDAQ fell from 5,000 points to 3,000 points, some people believe it was a golde n opport unity to en ter the market. Then the market plu

54、n ged. A: So the stock market is really risky. I may lose mon ey. B: And maybe even your shirts. A: Well, perhaps I ' d better put my money on the bank. The stock has to be laun ched. Hele n: You know, this has bee n a privately owned compa ny since we first ope ned last year and, to be hon

55、est with you, I ' m inclined in keeping in that way. Bill: But the market is cha nging rapidly, and we n eed to think long term and take proactive measure; otherwise, we ' ll find ourselves behind the competition. Helen: That' s a good point; perhaps I should be more open — minded abo

56、ut this. Bill: Don' t you think you ' re a little short of funds at the moment? Helen: That' s true. Bill: You simply can ' t afford to upgrade your facilities without considerable outside investment. The bank won't lend you the mon ey. Helen: I haven ' t tried it. Bil

57、l: Even if it did, the interest rate for that much capital would be more we could afford. I' m convin ced, the on ly way to gen erate the funds we n eed is to go public. Hele n: What should I do the n? Bill: A con sulta nt will be coming in n ext week to explain the registratio n procedure f

58、or an IPO. Helen: That' s great because I want to have a thorough understanding of what this entails before any decisi ons are made. Bill: The importa nt point is that you have to dem on strate you ' re finan cially qualified to be listed on the stock market. Now Your Turn A: Mr. Smith,

59、 though your compa ny has grow n fast few years, the market is cha nging the rapidly. So you need to think the long term and take proactive measures; otherwise, you ' ll find it behind the competiti on. B: You' re quite right, but can you be more specific about what we must do? A: Don 

60、9; t you think your compa ny is a bit short of funds to expa nd product ion at the mome nt. B: That' s right. A: You simply can ' t afford to upgrade your facilities without large external investments. B: Perhaps I have to borrow money from the bank. A: It won ' t lend you so much mo

61、ney. B: I haven ' t tried it. A: Even if you got a loan, the interest rate for large sum would be more than you can afford. I ' m convin ced, the only way to gather funds you n eed is to go to public. B: What should I do the n? A: Let me explain the requireme nts for an IPO. B: I' m

62、 all ears. I want to have a thorough understanding of what this entails before I make further decisi ons. A: The importa nt point is that you have to dem on strate that you are finan cially qualified to be laun ched on the stock market. You must show you have a capital of 50 milli on yua n. B: Our

63、 compa ny does have that amount of mon ey. Are there other requireme nts? A: You have to prove that the company has been making a profit in the past three years. It ' s also esse ntial that there are no false finan cial reports. B: Ok, no problem. I ' ll try to go through the Registration

64、procedure to get our company listed. MODEL 3 Nothi ng is certa in n the stock market Susa n: Hey, Chris, have you read the paper today? Chris: No. why? What ' s up? Susa n: The store market has dropped aga in. Chris: Oh, no! Not aga in! How many points did it lose this time? Susa n: One hu

65、n dred. Chris: Let' s see…that' s a drop of three percent. Well, there goes the money I was going to use to buy a new car. Susa n: Before you get upset, I think you should look at the stock list ings for today. Chris: What for? Susa n: Well, some stocks actually gain ed, especially telec

66、om stocks. Chris: Let me see that paper. You' re right! My stock went up five percent overnight! That ' s great! Susa n: For now, any way. It may plunge tomorrow. Chris: you ' re right. I ' m going to call my broker cash in my stocks. I ' m not taking any more cha nges with my

67、savi ngs. Susan: You' re wisher than most people I know. Sometimes it ' s better to play it safe. Now Your Turn A: Hey, Jack, I hear you become a milli on aire by in vesti ng in the stock market. But I always lose money in the market. Can you give me a few tips? B: First of all, let '

68、; s look at the stock listing in today ' s newspaper. A: Wow, the stock market dropped aga in. B: What stock did you buy? A: BCD. B: How many points did it lose this time? A: More tha n a hun dred. B: Let' s see …That' s a drop of nearly five percent. A: Oh, there goes a lot of my money. I ' m thinking about pulling out of the market. B: Before you get upset, I ' d like to give you some advice. A: What' s that? B: Well, the market is cyclica