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1、2010中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)課本知識(shí)整理八年級(jí)下 Unit 8 Why don't you get her a scarf 【知識(shí)梳理】 I. 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ) take an interest in 　 對(duì)……感興趣 make friends with 　與……交友 ?photo album影集?? these days這些天??? rather than與其……（不如……） sleep all day整天睡覺(jué)?? make a special meal做一頓特殊的飯 have enough time有足夠的時(shí)間?? take care of照顧 in different co

2、untries在不同的國(guó)家 too much太多 not special不特別?? in Japan在日本 II. 重要句型 1. How about … ?/ What about … ? 這兩種句式都可以用來(lái)向他人提出建議，表示“……怎么樣？” “你認(rèn)為……如何？”，后面連接名詞或者動(dòng)名詞（動(dòng)詞ing形式）。 2. Why don’t you …? Why not …? 這兩種句式都是反問(wèn)語(yǔ)氣，表示“為什么不……”，也可以用來(lái)向別人提出建議，后面連接動(dòng)詞原形。 3. What’s the best gift he/she has ever received????

3、 “他/她曾經(jīng)收到的最好的禮物是什么？” III. 交際用語(yǔ) 1. What should I get for sb…? 2. How about sth./doing sth.? 3. How do you like sth.? 4. What about sth./doing sth.? 5. Why don’t you buy/get…? 6. Why not buy/get…? 7. They’re too expensive/cheap/personal… 8. Great!/Good idea!/OK…. I’ll get/buy… 9. My best g

4、ift is… 10. It’s good for sb. to… 11. It can make sb…. IV. 重要語(yǔ)法 如何給別人提出建議和意見的常用句型 【課文解析】 1. How about … ? What about … ? 這兩種句式都可以用來(lái)向他人提出建議，表示“……怎么樣？” “你認(rèn)為……如何？”，后面連接名詞或者動(dòng)名詞（動(dòng)詞ing形式）。例如： How about going to the movies????????? 去看電影怎么樣？ What about a lovely dog??????????????? 一個(gè)可愛的小狗你認(rèn)為如何？ 2.

5、 Why don’t you …? Why not …? 這兩種句式都是反問(wèn)語(yǔ)氣，表示“為什么不……”，也可以用來(lái)向別人提出建議，后面連接動(dòng)詞原形。例如： Why don’t you go with us? = Why not go with us?????????? 為何不跟我們一塊呢？ 10. pro n 贊成；贊成的理由 con n. 反對(duì)，反對(duì)的理由 例如：pro-American 親美派 the pros and cons 正反兩面的意見 11. much too?? “太，過(guò)于……”，修飾形容詞副詞 ?? too much?? “太多……”，修飾不可數(shù)名詞

6、?? too many?? “太多……”，修飾可數(shù)名詞 例如： The street is much too crowded.????? 大街上太擠了。 Don’t spend too much money on clothing.????? 不要花太多的錢在衣著上。 There are too many monkeys for me to count.????? 猴子太多，我數(shù)不過(guò)來(lái)。 12. present?? n.禮物 present指禮物的一般性用語(yǔ)，gift是稍正式的用法。另外，present還可以作為形容詞，表示“現(xiàn)在的；出席的”。 語(yǔ)法知識(shí)

7、 （一）如何給別人提出建議和意見的常用句型 1、 詢問(wèn)對(duì)方意見：What shall we do tonight? 詢問(wèn)對(duì)方意見的說(shuō)法還有： ?? What should I…?( should表示請(qǐng)求、征詢對(duì)方意見) eg.: What should I get my dad for his birthday? 我該送給爸爸什么作為他的生日禮物呢？ ?? What should I get my sister for her birthday? 2、提出建議： How about (doing something?) going to a movie? eg. : What s

8、hall we do this afternoon? ?? How about going for a walk? 提出建議的句型還有： 1）what about…? （about是個(gè)介詞，可跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞） 2）How about…? eg.: How about a watch? 一塊手表怎么樣？ ?? How/what about the photo album? 一個(gè)像冊(cè)怎么樣？ ?? How/what about going to the theatre? ?? How about getting her a scarf? 買條圍巾送給她怎么樣？ 3）Why don

9、’t you do something? 4) Why not do something? 5) You should/could do something. 6) You should (not) do something. 7) You’d better (not) do something. 8) What about doing sth? eg.: Why don’t you buy a sweater? ?? Why not get a digital camera? ?? You should/could take some exercise every day.

10、 ?? You shouldn’t eat too much. ?? It’s very hot today. You’d better stay at home. ?? You’d better not quarrel with others. ?? What about going out for a picnic? 在提出建議做什么事情之后，就會(huì)有人發(fā)表看法進(jìn)行比較。如： How about Star Wars? That’s a great movie! I heard the Star Wars is pretty good. 3、發(fā)表看法時(shí)可以用That’s這個(gè)句型。

11、 eg.: That’s too expensive. That’s too boring. That’s too personal. 那太個(gè)性化了。 That’s too not interesting enough. 那不夠有趣。 That’s too not friendly enough. 那不夠友好。 表示看法或意見的說(shuō)法還有： Good idea. It sounds good/great. She’ll like it. 她會(huì)喜歡這個(gè)的。 在發(fā)表看法時(shí)，還可以用感嘆句來(lái)表示：What a lucky girl! 多么幸運(yùn)的女孩！ （二）感嘆句 感嘆句可由w

12、hat或how引導(dǎo)，what后面感嘆的部分中心詞為名詞，而how感嘆的部分一般為形容詞或副詞。在一個(gè)句子中，感嘆的部分提到what或how的后邊，其余成分不變。注意主謂不倒裝。 eg.: What a beautiful flower this is! （原句為：This is a beautiful flower.） How smart they are! （原句為：They are smart.） Do you like small animals? 常見的大家認(rèn)為比較可愛的動(dòng)物有: dog, cat, goldfish, parrot, turtle(烏龜), hamster(倉(cāng)

13、鼠) 比較scary的動(dòng)物，如：mouse, spider(蜘蛛), snake, lizard(蜥蜴)等。 They need a lot of love. And you should have enough time to spend with them. （三）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) What’s the best gift you have ever received? 你曾經(jīng)收到過(guò)的最好的禮物是什么？ “you have ever received”是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的定語(yǔ)從句。 1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成：have/has + 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞。 2、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法：主要有兩種含義： 一是

14、強(qiáng)調(diào)某一發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響以及造成的結(jié)果；第二個(gè)意義是到現(xiàn)在為止這一時(shí)期中發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或者情況。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常常與already, yet, just, ever, never, since, for或包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，也可以不用狀語(yǔ)連用。 eg.: He has (already) come. Have you ever bought a birthday present for your sister? What’s the best gift Susan has ever received? 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的側(cè)重點(diǎn)不同：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)側(cè)重的動(dòng)作產(chǎn)生的效果；而

15、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)側(cè)重動(dòng)作持續(xù)的時(shí)間。 eg.: How many pages of the novel have you read?(側(cè)重效果) How long have you been reading the novel?(側(cè)重持續(xù)的時(shí)間) （四）其它知識(shí)點(diǎn) 1、enough的用法： 形容詞 + enough ?????????? enough + 名詞 eg.: That’s not special enough. 那不夠特別 That’s not creative enough. 那沒(méi)什么創(chuàng)意。 They don’t get enough gifts. 他們沒(méi)有得到足夠

16、的禮物。 I don’t have enough time to spend with her. 我沒(méi)有足夠的時(shí)間和她在一起。 此外，enough還可以說(shuō)： It’s enough to make her happy. 這足以讓她很高興。 也可以說(shuō)：enough for somebody to do sth. Eight hundred yuan is enough for me to buy an MP3 2、too… to…結(jié)構(gòu)：同樣表示程度的一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)：too… to…,太……而不能……（表示否定）to后面必須跟動(dòng)詞原形 eg.: It’s too difficult for

17、 me to carry the box. He’s too young to go to school. 3、so…that…結(jié)構(gòu)：too… to…結(jié)構(gòu)可用so…that…(表示肯定，that后跟從句)來(lái)代替. eg.: It’s so difficult that I can’t carry the box. He’s so young that he can’t go to school. （五）各國(guó)送禮的習(xí)俗：Gift giving is different in different countries. 在日本，人們喜歡送一些很特別的禮物(special gift),而收

18、到禮物的人一般都不會(huì)打開，他可能把這件禮物轉(zhuǎn)送給另外一個(gè)人（someone else）。 在加拿大人們一般不會(huì)送很貴重的禮物，他們可能會(huì)買一張長(zhǎng)椅（a bench）或一棵樹來(lái)紀(jì)念某個(gè)人。 單元測(cè)試題 Ⅰ．根據(jù)句意和首字母完成單詞 1．How’s the w____________ in Beijing? 2．It often s____________ in the north of China in winter，and the weather is very cold． 3．They are in France on v____________ today．

19、4．Can I take p____________ of you? 5．It’s s____________ today．Let’s go out to play volleyball． 6．There are many people t____________ photos in the zoo． 7．Thank you for j____________ us in the party． 8．There are some people l____________ on the beach． 9．It’s very cold today．Many people are weari

20、ng coats and s____________． 10．I am s____________ they can play in this heat． ?? ____________ are talking． A．Other B．Others C．The other D．The others ( )11．Jim with his parents ____________ there． A．a(chǎn)re taking photos B．is taking photos C．take photos D．a(chǎn)re takeing ph

21、otos ( )12．—Who’s cooking? ? —____________． A．Linda does B．Linda is C．Linda has D．Linda’s ( )13．—____________? ? —It’s windy． A．How is it going B．How is the weather C．How is it like D．Do you like the weather ( )14．—Tigers can eat people． ?

22、 —That sounds ____________． A．really B．terrible C．well D．usually ( )15．—Hello! ____________ Lisa．Is that Linda speaking? ? —Sorry，she is not at home． A．This is B．I’m C．That is D．She is Ⅲ．句型轉(zhuǎn)換 1．Mary is watching TV．(對(duì)畫線部分提問(wèn)) ____________ ____________ Mary _

23、___________? 2．It’s sunny in Beijing．(對(duì)畫線部分提問(wèn)) ____________ the ____________ in Beijing? 3．They are playing volleyball on the beach．(改為一般疑問(wèn)句) ____________ they ____________ volleyball on the beach? 4．It’s snowing．(改為否定句) It ____________ ____________ snowing． 5．What’s the weather like

24、 in Shanghai?(改為同義句) ____________ the weather in Shanghai? 6．It’s sunny today．(改為同義句) It’s a ____________ ____________ today． 7．They look cool．(改為一般疑問(wèn)句) ____________ they took cool? 8．Everyone is enjoying themselves．(改為同義句) Everyone is ____________ a good ____________． 9．I read a

25、 book when it rains．(對(duì)畫線部分提問(wèn)) What ____________ you ____________ when it rains? 10．He does his homework every day．(時(shí)間用now替換) He ____________ ____________ his homework now． Ⅳ．根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)完成句子 1．看! 他們?cè)诳措娨暋? Look! They are ____________ ____________． 2．紐約的天氣怎么樣? How’s the ____________ in New

26、 York? 3．男孩子們正在打籃球。 The boys are ____________ ____________． 4．你喜歡玩電腦游戲嗎? Do you like to ____________ ____________ ____________? 5．情況怎么樣? ____________ it ____________? 6．孩子們?cè)诠珗@里玩得很高興。 The children are ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ in the park． 7．這兒有很多人在度假。

27、 There are many people here ____________ ____________． 8．吉姆正在動(dòng)物園里給大象拍照。 Jim is ____________ ____________ of the elephants in the zoo． 9．他們能在這么熱的天氣下玩我覺(jué)得很驚訝。 I am ____________ they can play in this ____________． 10．這群人躺在沙灘上． The group of people are ____________ on the ____________．

28、Ⅴ．根據(jù)首字母提示完成短文 B：What’s he like? A： 5 He likes telling stories． 1．____________ 2．____________ 3．____________ 4．____________ 5．____________ Ⅶ．完形填空 A．Dad，shall we go to the park tomorrow? B： 1 ，if it is fine． A：But dad，look 2 the sky．Things are not good．There are so many clouds and it

29、 is 3 ． B：Then we have to 4 at home． A：What about making a phone 5 ? The number is 121． B：OK． Phone：Good morning，everyone! Here is the 6 report for the 7 two days．Today Beijing will be 8 ．Tomorrow it will be better，and the temperature(溫度)is 23℃to 28℃． A：Great．We can go to t

30、he park tomorrow． B：But you must finish your 9 ．Remember： 10 comes first． ( )1．A．Sure B．Sorry C．Excuse me D．Thanks ( )2．A．for B．a(chǎn)fter C．a(chǎn)t D．of ( )3．A．wind B．windy C．rain D．raining ( )4．A keep B．look C．stay D．buy ( )5．A．call B．callin

31、g C．called D．calls ( )6．A．weather B．listening C．news D．watch ( )7．A during B．next C．one D．second ( )8．A．rainy B．rains C．wind D．sun ( )9．A．homework B．TV C．games D．play ( )10．A．Study B．Playing C．Games D．TV Ⅷ．閱讀理解 Canberra is the

32、 capital city of Australia．It is a beautiful city and the weather there is nice．At the beginning of spring(春天)，it’s very cool and it rains sometimes．At the end of spring it is very warm．It is very hot in summer．People like going to the beach in summer because it is windy there and the sea is very co

33、ol．In fall(秋季)，it is very warm and the trees are orange and brown．They look very beautiful．In winter，it snows sometimes．People like to go skiing (滑雪)every winter． 請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷正(T)誤(F)。 ( )1．The weather in Canberra is very nice． ( )2．It is always raining in spring in Canberra． ( )3．It is wi

34、ndy and cool in Summer in Canberra． ( )4．There are many orange trees in Canberra． ( )5．People like going to the beach in summer． Ⅸ．書面表達(dá) 在冬季，你的家鄉(xiāng)天氣怎么樣?人們?cè)谶@樣的天氣里都在干什么?請(qǐng)根據(jù)提示寫一篇介紹你們家鄉(xiāng)天氣的短文，50詞左右。 winter，windy and cold，wear coats and scarves，have a good time，in the park，sing，dance，play soc

35、cer，take photos ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

36、_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 中考鏈接 完成句子，每空一詞(2008·北京) 1．該吃晚飯了。

37、 It’s time to ____________ ____________． 2．你想來(lái)點(diǎn)兒面包嗎? Would you ____________ some ____________? 3．安太小，還不能上學(xué)。 Ann is ____________ young ____________ go to school． 4．約翰跑得和我一樣快。 John runs ____________ fast ____________ me． 8．having，time 9．do，do 10．is doing 解析：把一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)改為

38、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。 Ⅳ．1．watching TV 2．weather 3．playing basketball 4．play computer games 5．How’s，going 6．having a good time 7．on vacation 8．taking photos 9．surprised，heat 10．lying，beach Ⅴ．1．December 解析：句意為：在十一月，十二月英國(guó)南部這時(shí)是冷的……。 2．cold 解析：句意為：在一月和二月我們也有冷的天氣。 3．long 解析：long與short相對(duì)。句意為：夜

39、晚非常長(zhǎng)，白天很短。 4．snows 解析：句意為：有時(shí)下雪，主語(yǔ)it為第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)snow加s變?yōu)榈谌朔Q單數(shù)形式。 5．lot 解析：“a lot+比較級(jí)”表示“……得多”，句意為：在三月，天暖和多了。 6．windy 解析：句意為：在四月，一直有風(fēng)。 7．hot 解析：句意為：在夏天這兒不熱。 8．rains 解析：主語(yǔ)it為第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)變?yōu)榈谌朔Q單數(shù)形式rains。 9．weather 解析：句意為：我愛我的家鄉(xiāng)，但是我不喜歡這兒的天氣。 10．a(chǎn)bout 解析：what about…?…

40、…怎么樣呢? Ⅵ．1．B 2．D 3．A 4．E 5．C Ⅶ．1．A 解析：句意為：當(dāng)然可以，如果天氣好的話。 2．C 解析：look at指有意識(shí)地看。 3．B 解析：windy在此為形容詞，作is的表語(yǔ)，“有風(fēng)的”。 4．C 解析：stay at home為固定詞組“待在家”。 5．A 解析：make a phone call為固定詞組“打電話”。 6．A 解析：weather report天氣預(yù)報(bào)。 7．B 解析：the next two days未來(lái)兩天。 8．A 解析：由Tomorrow

41、 it will be better…可知今天北京的天氣不太好，rainy為形容詞，作be的表語(yǔ)。 9．A 解析：句意為：但是你必須完成你的作業(yè)。 10．A 解析：句意為：學(xué)習(xí)第一。 Ⅷ．1．T 解析：由文中第二句可知堪培拉的天氣很好。 2．F 解析：由文中第三句可知應(yīng)把a(bǔ)lways改為sometimes。 3．F 解析：由文中It is very hot in summer．可知在堪培拉夏天很熱。 4．F 解析：文中沒(méi)提到有很多橘子樹。 5．T 解析：由文中People like going to the beach

42、 in summer可知人們喜歡夏天去海灘。 Ⅸ． In winter in Beijing，the weather is windy and cold．People wear coats and scarves．But everyone has a good time．In the park，girls sing and dance．Boys play soccer．Others take photos． 中考鏈接 1． have supper 2．like，bread 3．too，to 4．a(chǎn)s，as 5．helps，with