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1、Cultural relics Cultural relics Language points 1. Frederick William I, the king of Prussia, _ never _ that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.could have imagined情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 have done I may have seen the film but Im not sure. It must have rained last week.I shoul

2、d have told you earlier.You shouldnt have cheated in exams.You neednt have bought such a dear watch for her. It wasnt a long way, we could have walked there.cant/couldnt have done 一定沒做一定沒做(對(duì)過去情況的推測(cè)對(duì)過去情況的推測(cè),語氣較肯定，疑，否語氣較肯定，疑，否句中句中)n may(might) have done 可能做了（對(duì)過去情況的推測(cè)）可能做了（對(duì)過去情況的推測(cè)）must have done一定做了一定

3、做了(過去情況的推測(cè)，語氣較肯定，肯定句中過去情況的推測(cè)，語氣較肯定，肯定句中should/ought to have done本該做而沒做（對(duì)已發(fā)生事情的批評(píng)責(zé)怪本該做而沒做（對(duì)已發(fā)生事情的批評(píng)責(zé)怪shouldnt/oughtnt to have done本不該做但是做了（同上）本不該做但是做了（同上）neednt have done本不必做但是做了（對(duì)已發(fā)生事情的批評(píng)責(zé)怪）本不必做但是做了（對(duì)已發(fā)生事情的批評(píng)責(zé)怪）could have done本可能做而沒能做（對(duì)已發(fā)生事情的后悔，遺憾）本可能做而沒能做（對(duì)已發(fā)生事情的后悔，遺憾）Im sorry I couldnt get in touc

4、h with him before he left. I _him earlier.A must have phoned B might have phonedC should have phoned D would have phonedJohns score on the test is the highest in the class. He _.A should study last nightB should have studied last nightC must have studied last nightD need study last nightsuch + a/ an

5、 + adj. + n. 單數(shù)單數(shù) e.g. such a beautiful girlsuch + adj. + n. U或或n. pl e.g. such clean waterso + adj. + a/ an + n. 單數(shù)單數(shù) e.g. so beautiful a girlso many (few) + n. pl e.g. so many peopleso much (little) + n. U e.g. so much rain 注意：注意：such 與表示與表示數(shù)量數(shù)量的形容詞連用時(shí)，應(yīng)放在此類的形容詞連用時(shí)，應(yīng)放在此類詞的后面詞的后面：no such man, many

6、such bookse.g. There is _car in this neighbourhood. A. no such B.no a C.not such D.no such a 2. This gift was the Amber Room, _was given this name because several tons of _were used to make it.whichamber1. The chairman, _ spoke first, sat on my right.2. The speech, _ bored everyone, went on and on .

7、3. On April 1 they flew to Beijing, _ they stayed several days.4. Im seeing the manager tomorrow, _ he will be back from New York.whowhichwherewhen be used to do sth. 被用來做被用來做 be used to doing sth. 習(xí)慣于做習(xí)慣于做 used to do sth. 過去常常做過去常常做Practice:The wood will _ tables.He is quite _ (live)with the farmer

8、s .She _ (come)a lot, but now we seldom see her. used to living be used to make used to comewere used to make popular in those days 形容詞短語作后置定語修飾 They have a house larger than yours.= a house which is larger than yours. The boys easiest to teach are in my class.= the boys who are easiest to teach.3.

9、The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days.屋子的設(shè)計(jì)屋子的設(shè)計(jì)采用了采用了當(dāng)時(shí)流行的當(dāng)時(shí)流行的別致的建筑式別致的建筑式樣樣 4. It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, which took the countrys best artists about ten years to make. 點(diǎn)撥點(diǎn)撥 本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。 逗號(hào)前為主逗號(hào)前為主句，其中句，其中“decorated with gold and

10、jewels”為為過去分詞短語作過去分詞短語作treasure的后置定語；逗號(hào)后的后置定語；逗號(hào)后為為which 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，修飾先行引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞詞treasure。take sb. some time表示表示“花了某花了某人一些時(shí)間人一些時(shí)間”。這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)也可改寫為句型：。這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)也可改寫為句型：it takes sb. some time to do sth. 辨析：辨析：take, pay, cost 和和spend1). It takes (sb.) + 時(shí)間時(shí)間/金錢金錢 + to do sth.2). pay只能用只能用人做主語人做主語 pay sb

11、. pay for sth. pay sb. + 金錢金錢 pay sb. for sth.It takes about half an hour to get to the airport. Ill pay for the tickets.He still hasnt paid me the money he owes me.3). cost只能用物做主語，不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。只能用物做主語，不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 sth. cost + (sb.) + 時(shí)間時(shí)間/金錢金錢 sth. cost sb. 某事使某人以某事使某人以為代價(jià)為代價(jià)4). sb. spend + 時(shí)間時(shí)間/金錢金錢 + on sth

12、. 或或(in) doing sth.Tickets cost me ten dollars each.The accident cost me a visit to the doctor.She spent $100 on a new dress.Most of her life was spent in caring for others.5. gift n. C 禮物禮物 (比比present正式）正式） n. C 天賦天賦, 才能才能 a gift to sb. 送給送給的禮物的禮物 have a gift for 在在方面有天賦方面有天賦 gifted (adj.) 有天賦的有天賦的

13、 He has got lots of birthday gifts. He is a man of gifts. 他多才多藝。他多才多藝。 The boy has a gift for music.6. be made into 被制成被制成 be made of 用用制成制成(看得出原材料看得出原材料) be made from 用用制成制成(看不出原材料看不出原材料) be made for 為為而制作而制作 be made up of 由由組成組成Ex. 用以上短語完成句子。用以上短語完成句子。1). A car _many different parts.2). The chair

14、_wood.3). The wine _grapes.4). Im a cake my mother.5). Wood can _paper.is made up ofis made ofis made frommaking forbe made into1) 我的單車壞了我的單車壞了,需要修理需要修理. 2) 昨晚我的錢包被人偷了昨晚我的錢包被人偷了. My bike is broken, I will have it repaired.I had my wallet stolen last night.7. LATER, CATHERINE HAD THE AMBER ROOM MOVED

15、 TO THE PALACEhave sth. done結(jié)構(gòu)表示兩種意義：結(jié)構(gòu)表示兩種意義： 、讓別人做某事，使某事被做、讓別人做某事，使某事被做 、遭遇某種不幸。、遭遇某種不幸。do 讓讓做做 have sb. / sth. doing 讓讓一直做一直做 done 請(qǐng)人請(qǐng)人/某物遭受某物遭受Mother had me clean the room.The boss had his workers working all day.have sth. done 表示表示 “請(qǐng)人做某事請(qǐng)人做某事”eg. I had my hair cut yesterday. I want to have my

16、bike repaired.還可表示還可表示 “使遭遇某種使遭遇某種(不幸的不幸的)事情事情”eg. I had my watch stolen last night. He had his leg broken in the match last week. add-to 把把-添加到添加到 add up 合計(jì)，把合計(jì)，把-加起來加起來 add to 增加，增添增加，增添 add up to 合計(jì)是，總起來就意味著合計(jì)是，總起來就意味著Add up 3,4and 5 ,and you will get 12.I didnt want to add to my mothers misery.S

17、he added some salt to the soup.These figures add up to 270.All this adds up to a new concept of Mars.8. She told her atrists to add more details to it.9. the room was completed the way she wanted it. she wanted it 是是定語從句修飾定語從句修飾 the way, 后面的關(guān)后面的關(guān)系代詞可用系代詞可用that / in which 或或都不用都不用。the way表示表示“以以的方式的方

18、式”，其前面省略了介，其前面省略了介詞詞in, in the/ this/that/ my way 中介詞通?？梢允≈薪樵~通?？梢允÷?。略。the way she wanted it 可以看成是可以看成是方式狀語從句方式狀語從句,意為意為“照照,據(jù)據(jù)”,就相當(dāng)于連詞就相當(dāng)于連詞asin a way, in the way 也有類似的用法也有類似的用法Eg. 她以我喜歡的方式烹調(diào)雞肉。她以我喜歡的方式烹調(diào)雞肉。 She cooks chicken in the way I like.10. Although the amber room was considered one of the won

19、ders of the world, it is now missing.1)認(rèn)為，以為認(rèn)為，以為 consider sb.(sth.) + adj. / n. sb.(sth.) + to be sb.(sth.) + as / that-clausee.g. He was considered(as/ to be) one of the greatest scientists in the world. She considers that it is too early to form a definite(確切的確切的) conclusion.2) consider （考慮（考慮)+

20、n. / doing sth. + 疑問詞疑問詞 +to do sth.e.g. 我們正在考慮買一輛新車。我們正在考慮買一輛新車。e.g. 他正在考慮下一步怎么辦。他正在考慮下一步怎么辦。堂清：堂清：Abraham Lincoln is generally considered _ the greatest president of America.A. to be B. as C. / D. All of the above.We are considering buying a new car.He was considering what to do next. This was a t

21、ime when the two countries _.The two countries _for many years. People there are suffering a lot.were at war be at war處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)have been at war11. This was a time when the two countries were at war.12. remain (1) vi. 留下留下, 遺留遺留 I went to the city, but my brother remained at home. (2) link-verb. 連

22、系動(dòng)詞連系動(dòng)詞后接后接n. /adj. /介詞介詞短語短語/表位置的表位置的adv. My friend became a boss, but I remained a teacher. The death of the old man remained unknown. The problem remains to be discussed.He bought a new book with the _ (剩下的剩下的) 40 yuan.=He bought a new book with the 40 yuan _. (剩下的剩下的) remainingleft考例考例1 Although

23、 he has taken a lot of medicine, his health _ poor. A. proves B. remains C. maintains D. continues點(diǎn)撥點(diǎn)撥 remain 意為意為“仍然是仍然是”，后接形容詞作，后接形容詞作表語。表語。prove 證明；證明；maintain 維持；維持；continue 繼續(xù)。繼續(xù)?？祭祭? It was already past midnight and only three young men _ in the tea house. A. left B. remained C. delayed D. de

24、serted點(diǎn)撥點(diǎn)撥 remain 意為意為“停留停留; 逗留逗留”。delay 耽擱；耽擱；desert 遺棄。遺棄。13. prove v. 證明，證實(shí)證明，證實(shí) 1) vt. prove+ n./代詞代詞/從句從句 證明證明 e.g我們?cè)趹?zhàn)斗中證實(shí)了自己的勇氣。我們?cè)趹?zhàn)斗中證實(shí)了自己的勇氣。 只要給我個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，我會(huì)證明給你看。只要給我個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，我會(huì)證明給你看。 這證明我是對(duì)的。這證明我是對(duì)的。 We have proved our courage in battle. Just give me a chance and Ill prove it to you. This proves (that) I was right. 2) link-v 系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞 prove + (to be) n./adj. 被發(fā)現(xiàn)是被發(fā)現(xiàn)是; 被證明是被證明是(主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)主動(dòng)表被動(dòng))eg. Einsteins theory proved (to be ) correct.堂清：堂清：Premier Zhou _ to be unforgettable in the hearts of the Chinese people. A. proved B. regarded C. thought D. considered