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1、Unit 3 Language in use1. while的用法的用法 （1）while用作名詞，意為“一段時(shí)間；一會(huì)兒”。如： I stayed there for a short while. 我在那兒待了一小會(huì)兒。 （2）while用作連詞，有以下幾種含義： 1）意為“當(dāng)時(shí)；和同時(shí)”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。如： While I was watching TV, the bell rang. 當(dāng)我看電視時(shí)，鈴響了。 2）連接兩個(gè)并列句子，表示對(duì)比關(guān)系。如： He went out for a walk, while I stayed at home. 他出去散步了，而我卻待在家里。 3）wh

2、ile和when都可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，但應(yīng)注意：while引導(dǎo)的從句中謂語動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或表示狀態(tài)的詞；而when引導(dǎo)的從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞既可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，也可以是短暫性動(dòng)詞。當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，while和when可以互相替換。如： When/While we were talking, the teacher came in.我們正在談話時(shí)，老師進(jìn)來了。（talk是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，when和while可互換） The bus had left when we arrived at the bus stop. 當(dāng)我們到達(dá)車站時(shí)，公共汽車已經(jīng)開走了。（arrive是短

3、暫性動(dòng)詞，when和while不可互換） When/While we were having a meeting, our teacher came in. 我們正在開會(huì)時(shí)，老師走了進(jìn)來。（have是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，when和while可互換） 4）while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句還可以表示某個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行的同時(shí)，另一個(gè)動(dòng)作也在進(jìn)行之中。如： While the teacher was speaking, the students were listening. 老師講課時(shí)，學(xué)生們?cè)诼牎?2. if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句（二）引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句（二） （1）含義：從句表示某種假設(shè)的情況，主句表示此種情況

4、所導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果。 （2）時(shí)態(tài)：從句如果用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句的謂語動(dòng)詞多用一般將來時(shí)或“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形”。如： If you start now, youll finish it before dinner. 如果你現(xiàn)在開始（做家庭作業(yè)），晚飯前就可以做完了。 She may come with us if she arrives in time. 如果她來得及時(shí)，就可以和我們一道去。 結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)用途用途含義含義例句例句if從句+祈使句表達(dá)建議如果就If you dont feel well, please go to see the doctor. 如果你覺得不舒服，請(qǐng)去看醫(yī)生吧。if從句+主句

5、表達(dá)某種假設(shè)如果就If he doesnt work hard, hell fail his exams. 如果他不努力學(xué)習(xí)，考試就會(huì)不及格。 （4）若if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的主語為you，則可轉(zhuǎn)換為“祈使句+and+簡(jiǎn)單句”或“祈使句+or+簡(jiǎn)單句”結(jié)構(gòu)。如： You can pass the exam if you work hard. =Work hard and youll pass the exam. If you dont put the meat in the fridge, it will go bad. =Put the meat in the fridge, or it w

6、ill go bad. （5）有時(shí)，if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句可以與with或without引起的介詞短語互換使用。如： If Linda helps me, I can finish the report soon. =With Lindas help, I can finish the report soon. If theres no water, fish may die. =Fish may die without water.【話題呈現(xiàn)】【話題呈現(xiàn)】 本模塊圍繞“Problems”展開話題，講述了青少年在成長(zhǎng)過程中遇到的一些問題，并提出了解決問題的方法，要求學(xué)生能夠向他人描述自己生活中

7、遇到的問題，獲取解決問題的建議，樹立正確的人生觀和價(jià)值觀，并能學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用if條件句描寫某種假設(shè)情況?！炯丫渌C萃】【佳句薈萃】 I want you to get into the habit of doing your homework as soon as you come home from school. 我想讓你養(yǎng)成一放學(xué)回家就做家庭作業(yè)的習(xí)慣。 If you do all these other things instead of your homework, you wont have time to study. 如果你凈做這些其他的事，而不是做作業(yè)，你就沒有時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)了。 You

8、should consider what the most important thing is. 你應(yīng)該考慮什么事情是最重要的。 Thats a shame! 真遺憾！ If you tell the truth, he wont be angry with you. 如果你說實(shí)話，他不會(huì)生你氣的。 You spent so much time playing computer games. 你花太多時(shí)間玩電腦游戲了。 My father isnt angry with Lucy any more. 我父親不再生露西的氣了。 In my opinion, the Internet is he

9、lpful rather than harmful. 在我看來，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)有用而非有害。 Smoking is bad for our health. 吸煙有害健康?！緦懽魅蝿?wù)】【寫作任務(wù)】 下面是大明寫給他朋友Tom的一封信，信中描述了他的煩惱。請(qǐng)你以Tom的身份給他寫一封80詞左右的回信，在信中提出他的問題并給出建議。信的開始和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Dear Tom, My classmate, Lucy, bought a new pen. I like it very much. So I used it without her permission（允許）. Unluckily, I

10、 broke it. Then I put it back secretly（悄悄地）. Now she finds out the truth and is very angry with me. I dont know what to do. Can you help me?Yours,DamingBeginning開篇點(diǎn)題，提出問題開篇點(diǎn)題，提出問題 I have known your 1 . problem【寫作指導(dǎo)寫作指導(dǎo)】 這是應(yīng)用文寫作，主要內(nèi)容是討論問題及提出建議。討論問題用一般過去時(shí)，提建議用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。twoBody分析問題分析問題You have made 2 mistake

11、s. First, you used your 3 . Second, when you broke the pen, you 4 .Ending提出建議提出建議I think you should 5 . You can 6 for her. She will realise youre truly 7 . classmates pendidnt tell her the truthbuy a new penoffer to paysorry【自主創(chuàng)作】【自主創(chuàng)作】 Dear Daming, I have known your problem. Yours,Tom 【范文展示】【范文展示】

12、Dear Daming, I have known your problem. You have made two mistakes. First, you used your classmates pen without her permission. Second, when you broke the pen, you didnt tell her the truth. Yes, you must tell her immediately. If you tell her the truth, perhaps shell be angry with you, but at least y

13、oull prove you are honest.Then I think you should offer to pay. You can use your pocket money to buy a new pen for her. She will realise that youre truly sorry. I hope the advice can help you. Im sure you will make up with her soon.Yours,Tom【升格點(diǎn)撥】 1. 在給出建議時(shí)，使用了First, Second, Then等詞使文章條理清晰，有層次感。 2. 短語地道，如make mistakes, without ones per-mission, tell the truth, at least, make up等。 3. 高級(jí)句型“be sure.”和“if條件句”的使用，為文章增添色彩。