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1、Unit 3 Back to the past【誦讀【誦讀積累積累】 (2011福建高考福建高考)為紀(jì)念汶川大地震三周年，某英文報發(fā)起為紀(jì)念汶川大地震三周年，某英文報發(fā)起關(guān)于災(zāi)區(qū)新貌的征文活動。請根據(jù)以下圖片提示，以關(guān)于災(zāi)區(qū)新貌的征文活動。請根據(jù)以下圖片提示，以“Great Changes”為題，用英語寫一篇短文應(yīng)征。內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)如下：為題，用英語寫一篇短文應(yīng)征。內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)如下： 1. 某中學(xué)災(zāi)后三年來的變化，如教學(xué)與活動場所，以及師某中學(xué)災(zāi)后三年來的變化，如教學(xué)與活動場所，以及師生精神面貌等；生精神面貌等；2. 發(fā)生變化的原因；發(fā)生變化的原因；3. 你的感想。你的感想。 I am deeply i

2、mpressed by the great changes that have taken place in the school over the past three years. On May 12, 2008, a severe earthquake destroyed almost everything in the school, leaving badly-damaged buildings. It is now, however, taking on a new look. Tall buildings have been put up, including classroom

3、s and laboratory buildings, and a library. There is also a newly-built standard playground. In the new environment, teachers and students are living happily and working hard. It is really amazing that the once-ruined place has now been turned into a beautiful school, full of life. Obviously, without

4、 the help of the whole society, there would be no new school today. It is love and concern that have brought about the great changes. Many hands make light work. We can work wonders if we unite as a family, caring for each other and helping those in need. Union is strength. 【嘗試運(yùn)用【嘗試運(yùn)用】詞匯翻譯詞匯翻譯給某人留下印

5、象給某人留下印象 _發(fā)生發(fā)生 _呈現(xiàn)出新面貌呈現(xiàn)出新面貌 _建造建造 _把把變成變成 _帶來，引起帶來，引起 _impress sb. with/by sth.take placetake on a new lookput upturn. . . intobring about眾人拾柴火焰高。眾人拾柴火焰高。_創(chuàng)造奇跡創(chuàng)造奇跡 _照顧，照料照顧，照料 _Many hands make light work.work wonders/miraclescare for句式演練句式演練(1)用用witness改寫句改寫句_(2)用用amazingly改寫句改寫句_(3)用用It is obvious

6、 that改寫句改寫句_May 12, 2008 witnessed a severe earthquake destroying almosteverything in the school.Amazingly, the once-ruined place has now been turned into abeautiful school, full of life.It is obvious that without the help of the whole society, therewould be no new school today. 單詞盤點(diǎn)單詞盤點(diǎn)核心速記核心速記1. _

7、 (vt. ) 興建，創(chuàng)建興建，創(chuàng)建2. _ (vt. & vi. ) 逃避，逃跑；迅速離開逃避，逃跑；迅速離開3. _ (n. ) 研究者，調(diào)查者研究者，調(diào)查者4. _ (n. ) 災(zāi)難災(zāi)難foundfleeresearcherdisaster5. _ (adj. ) 商業(yè)的，貿(mào)易的商業(yè)的，貿(mào)易的6. _ (n. ) 廢墟，毀壞廢墟，毀壞 (vt. ) 破壞，毀滅破壞，毀滅7. _ (n. ) 遺物，遺跡，遺骸遺物，遺跡，遺骸8. _ (vt. ) 使腐化，使墮落使腐化，使墮落 (adj. ) 貪污的，腐敗的貪污的，腐敗的commercialruinremainscorrupt聯(lián)想串記聯(lián)想串

8、記9. _(vi. ) (火山等火山等)爆發(fā)爆發(fā) _(n. ) 爆發(fā)爆發(fā)10. _(vt. ) 裝飾，裝潢裝飾，裝潢 _(n. ) 裝飾，裝飾品裝飾，裝飾品11. _(vt. ) 毀壞，摧毀毀壞，摧毀_ (n. ) 破壞，毀滅破壞，毀滅_ (adj. ) 破壞性的，毀滅性的破壞性的，毀滅性的12. _ (adj. ) 富有的，富裕的富有的，富裕的_ (n. ) 財富，財產(chǎn)財富，財產(chǎn)13. _ (adv. ) 漸漸地，逐漸地漸漸地，逐漸地 _ (adj. ) 逐漸的，逐漸的，逐步的逐步的14. _ (adj. ) 文化的文化的 _ (n. )文化文化15. _ (vi. ) 爆炸爆炸 _ (n.

9、 ) 爆炸，爆發(fā)爆炸，爆發(fā)erupteruptiondecoratedecorationdestroydestructiondestructivewealthywealthgraduallygradualculturalcultureexplodeexplosion16. _(adj. ) 極度的；極端的極度的；極端的_(adv. )極端地，極端地，非常非常17. _(adj. )歷史的；與歷史研究相關(guān)的歷史的；與歷史研究相關(guān)的 _(adj. )有歷史意義的有歷史意義的 _(n. ) 歷史歷史18. _(n. ) 解決辦法，解答解決辦法，解答 _(vt. ) 解決，解答解決，解答19. _(n

10、. ) 表達(dá)；表情，神色表達(dá)；表情，神色_(vt. ) 表達(dá)，表表達(dá)，表示示20. _(vt. ) 宣布，宣稱宣布，宣稱 _(n. ) 宣布，宣告；宣布，宣告；宣言，聲明；申報，聲明宣言，聲明；申報，聲明(書書)extremeextremelyhistoricalhistorichistorysolutionsolveexpressionexpressdeclaredeclaration21. _(n. ) 紀(jì)念碑，紀(jì)念館紀(jì)念碑，紀(jì)念館(adj. ) 紀(jì)念的紀(jì)念的_(n. )記憶；紀(jì)念記憶；紀(jì)念22. _(vt. )教育教育_ (n. ) 教育，培養(yǎng)教育，培養(yǎng)_(n. ) 教育者，教育家教育者

11、，教育家23. _ (n. ) 輝煌；榮耀，光榮輝煌；榮耀，光榮_ (adj. ) 光榮的，輝光榮的，輝煌的煌的24. _ (adj. ) 意識到的，知道的；察覺到的意識到的，知道的；察覺到的_ (n. )認(rèn)識，意識認(rèn)識，意識25. _(n. )毒藥，毒物毒藥，毒物(vt. ) 毒害，下毒毒害，下毒_(adj. ) 有毒的有毒的memorialmemoryeducateeducatorglorygloriousawareawarenesspoisonpoisonouseducation. 短語互譯短語互譯1. 奪?。唤庸?；掌握奪??；接管；掌握 _2. 被埋在；專心于被埋在；專心于 _3. 對對

12、造成傷害造成傷害 _4. 結(jié)果是結(jié)果是 _5. 進(jìn)行，執(zhí)行，實(shí)施進(jìn)行，執(zhí)行，實(shí)施 _6. 在船在船(車或飛機(jī)車或飛機(jī))上上 _7. 無疑，確實(shí)無疑，確實(shí) _8. 起義，反抗起義，反抗 _9. 阻礙阻礙(某人某人) _take overbe buried incause/do damage toturn outcarry outon boardno doubtrise up againststand in ones path10. 受夠了受夠了，對，對感到厭煩感到厭煩 _11. 患患(病病) _12. 意識到意識到 _13. break down _ _14. cut down _15. put

13、 out _ _have enough ofcome down withbe aware of分解；失敗，崩潰；失分解；失敗，崩潰；失靈；靈；(身體身體)垮掉垮掉砍倒；削減，減少砍倒；削減，減少出版，公布；關(guān)出版，公布；關(guān)(燈燈)；伸；伸出；生產(chǎn)出；生產(chǎn)16. in good condition _17. in memory of _18. make eye contact with _19. think of. . . as. . . _20. have an influence on _狀況良好狀況良好紀(jì)念紀(jì)念與與進(jìn)行眼神交流進(jìn)行眼神交流認(rèn)為，把認(rèn)為，把看作看作對對有影響有影響. 句型透視

14、句型透視1. 主語主語+ be believed/said/reported/thought. . . + to do_ (人們相信，它被沙塵暴逐漸吞沒人們相信，它被沙塵暴逐漸吞沒) from AD 200 to AD 400. 2. 動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)The desert was once a green land with huge trees, but they were cut down and that _(導(dǎo)致導(dǎo)致這座城市被埋葬這座城市被埋葬)by sandwhat a pity! It is believed to have been gradually cover

15、ed over bysandstormsresulted in the city being buried3. could have done表示猜測表示猜測When asked how a statue from distant Greece _ (可能出現(xiàn)可能出現(xiàn))in China, researchers explained that no doubt this was a result of Alexander the Greats influence. 4. 動詞動詞-ing作伴隨狀語作伴隨狀語Then he turned his eyes east, and marched all

16、 the way to India, _(戰(zhàn)無不勝戰(zhàn)無不勝). could haveappearedfinding victory wherever he went. 語篇完形語篇完形 Ann is a high school student. She was chosen to go on a 1. _ tour arranged by a British club. She has been to Pompeii and Loulan, both of which were important 2. _ cities about 2, 000 years ago. Pompeii was

17、3. _ in the 8th century BC. 4. _, it was5. _by a volcano. What was worse, all the people there were buried 6. _. Loulan was a stopping 7. _onthe famous Silk Road between the East and the West. It is culturalcommercialfoundedUnfortunatelydestroyedalivepointbelieved to have been 8. _ covered over by s

18、andstorms. About 100 years ago, a European explorer discovered the 9. _of Loulan and found the 10. _of buildings buried beneath the sand. graduallyruinsremains1. 選用框中詞匯完成句子選用框中詞匯完成句子destroy，solution，extreme，rise up against，think of. . . as. . . (1)He speaks English so well that he _ a native speaker

19、. (2)A lot of buildings in New York were completely _ by Hurricane Sandy, which caused peoples debate about climate change. is thought of asdestroyed(3)There are no simple _ to the problem of electronic waste. (4)It is reported that _ weather has caused great damage to the whole world in the past fe

20、w years. (5) The people of the whole country _ the invaders and drove the enemy out of their country. solutionsextremerose up against2. 選用句型透視中的句式仿寫句子選用句型透視中的句式仿寫句子(1)據(jù)報道又有一顆衛(wèi)星被發(fā)射到太空。據(jù)報道又有一顆衛(wèi)星被發(fā)射到太空。_(2)這場水災(zāi)導(dǎo)致很多人無家可歸。這場水災(zāi)導(dǎo)致很多人無家可歸。_(3)他走得太晚了，不可能趕上末班車。他走得太晚了，不可能趕上末班車。_(4)他仔細(xì)聽我講話，努力不漏掉一個字。他仔細(xì)聽我講話，努力不漏

21、掉一個字。_Another satellite is reported to have been sent into space.The flood resulted in a great many people being homeless.He left too late, so he couldnt have caught the last bus.He listened to me carefully, trying not to miss every word.核核心心考考點(diǎn)點(diǎn)found3年年1考考complain3年年1考考could have done3年年5考考動詞動詞-ing

22、作伴隨狀語作伴隨狀語3年年10考考1. found vt. 興建，創(chuàng)建興建，創(chuàng)建found. . . on. . . 將將建立在建立在founder n. 創(chuàng)始人，創(chuàng)立者創(chuàng)始人，創(chuàng)立者founding father 創(chuàng)始人創(chuàng)始人The ancient Romans founded colonies all over Europe. 古羅馬人在整個歐洲建立了殖民地。古羅馬人在整個歐洲建立了殖民地。Harvard University was founded in 1636. 哈佛大學(xué)建立于哈佛大學(xué)建立于1636年。年。The novel _ _ _ a true story. 這部小說是根據(jù)一個

23、真實(shí)的故事寫成的。這部小說是根據(jù)一個真實(shí)的故事寫成的。was founded on【高考鏈接【高考鏈接】(2011福建高考福建高考)Tsinghua University, _ in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures. A. found B. foundingC. founded D. to be founded【解析【解析】選選C?？疾榉侵^語動詞。句意：建立于?？疾榉侵^語動詞。句意：建立于1911年的清華年的清華大學(xué)是成就大量杰出人物的所在地。大學(xué)是成就大量杰出人物的所在地。Tsinghua University和和

24、found之間是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作后置定語，選之間是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作后置定語，選C。2. decorate vt. 裝飾，裝潢裝飾，裝潢decorate. . . with. . . 用用裝飾裝飾decoration n. 裝飾裝飾On Christmas Eve you can see Christmas trees _ _ colourful lights. 圣誕前夜你會看到用彩燈裝飾的圣誕樹。圣誕前夜你會看到用彩燈裝飾的圣誕樹。They decorated their wedding cars with ribbons and flowers. 他們用絲帶和鮮花裝飾婚車。他

25、們用絲帶和鮮花裝飾婚車。decoratedwith(2011湖南高考湖南高考)The space is small with only a few dining tables and nearly no decoration, but the environment is truly charming. (餐館餐館)空間很小，幾乎沒有什么裝飾，只有幾張餐桌，但是環(huán)空間很小，幾乎沒有什么裝飾，只有幾張餐桌，但是環(huán)境的確很迷人。境的確很迷人?！臼煸~生義【熟詞生義】讀句子猜含義讀句子猜含義The young soldier saved the drowning child from the deep

26、 water, as a result of which he was decorated for his bravery. ( )表彰，授以獎?wù)卤碚?，授以獎?wù)?. flee vt. & vi. 逃避，逃跑；迅速離開逃避，逃跑；迅速離開flee (from). . . (從從)逃跑逃跑flee to/ into 逃往，逃到逃往，逃到flee for ones life 逃命逃命flee to safety 逃到安全的地方逃到安全的地方People fled for their lives in panic as the building caught fire. 當(dāng)大樓著火時，人們驚慌逃命。當(dāng)

27、大樓著火時，人們驚慌逃命。They managed to flee to Hong Kong when the war started. 戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)時他們設(shè)法逃到了香港。戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)時他們設(shè)法逃到了香港。Before the war thousands of people _ _ the country. 在戰(zhàn)爭開始前成千上萬的人逃離了這個國家。在戰(zhàn)爭開始前成千上萬的人逃離了這個國家。fled from4. ruin n. 廢墟；毀壞廢墟；毀壞 vt. 破壞，毀滅破壞，毀滅in ruins 成為廢墟成為廢墟fall into/go to/come to ruin 成為廢墟，被毀滅成為廢墟，被毀滅Th

28、e car accident ruined all her hopes. 這起車禍?zhǔn)顾乃邢Ｍ计茰缌?。這起車禍?zhǔn)顾乃邢Ｍ计茰缌恕?2012山東高考山東高考)By 2000, Nauru was almost financially ruined. 到到2000年，瑙魯?shù)慕?jīng)濟(jì)幾乎崩潰。年，瑙魯?shù)慕?jīng)濟(jì)幾乎崩潰。A large number of churches _ _ _ after the earthquake. 地震過后，許多教堂都被毀了。地震過后，許多教堂都被毀了。Years of fighting has left the area _ _. 幾年的戰(zhàn)事已經(jīng)使得這個地區(qū)滿目瘡痍

29、。幾年的戰(zhàn)事已經(jīng)使得這個地區(qū)滿目瘡痍。fellinto ruinin ruins5. remains n. 遺物，遺跡，遺骸遺物，遺跡，遺骸(1)the remains of 的剩余物；的剩余物；的遺跡的遺跡(2)remain vi. 剩余，留下；仍然是，還是剩余，留下；仍然是，還是remain+n. /adj. /doing/done/介詞短語介詞短語 保持，仍然保持，仍然remain to be done 尚待做，有待于被做尚待做，有待于被做(3)remaining adj. 剩下的剩下的A lot of famous English writers remains are buried

30、in Westminster Abbey. 很多英國著名作家的遺體被埋在威斯敏斯特大教堂。很多英國著名作家的遺體被埋在威斯敏斯特大教堂。They went, but I remained. 他們走了，但我留了下來。他們走了，但我留了下來。In spite of their quarrel, they remained the best friends. 他們盡管吵過架，卻仍不失為最好的朋友。他們盡管吵過架，卻仍不失為最好的朋友。She _ _ though we repeatedly asked her to sit down. 雖然我們?nèi)宕蔚卣埶?，她還是站著。雖然我們?nèi)宕蔚卣埶?/p>

31、下，她還是站著。 remained standingThere is one problem _ _ _ _. 有一個問題尚待解決。有一個問題尚待解決?！军c(diǎn)津【點(diǎn)津】(1)remain用作不及物動詞，只用于主動語態(tài)，不可用作不及物動詞，只用于主動語態(tài)，不可直接跟賓語。直接跟賓語。(2)remain作系動詞用，后面接名詞、形容詞、介詞短語、分作系動詞用，后面接名詞、形容詞、介詞短語、分詞等作表語。詞等作表語。 remaining to be solved【高考鏈接【高考鏈接】(2010重慶高考重慶高考)The palace caught fire three times in the last

32、century, and little of the original building _ now. A. remains B. is remainedC. is remaining D. has been remained【解析【解析】選選A。句意：在上個世紀(jì)，那個宮殿三次著火，現(xiàn)在。句意：在上個世紀(jì)，那個宮殿三次著火，現(xiàn)在少量的原建筑仍然存在。根據(jù)題干中的時間狀語少量的原建筑仍然存在。根據(jù)題干中的時間狀語now可知動詞可知動詞須用一般現(xiàn)在式，故可排除須用一般現(xiàn)在式，故可排除D項(xiàng)。項(xiàng)。remain是不及物動詞和系動是不及物動詞和系動詞，沒有被動語態(tài)，也不用進(jìn)行式，故排除詞，沒有被動語態(tài)，也

33、不用進(jìn)行式，故排除B、C兩項(xiàng)。兩項(xiàng)。remain 意為意為“留下，剩下，剩余留下，剩下，剩余”，所以，所以A項(xiàng)正確。項(xiàng)正確。6. complain vi. 抱怨抱怨(1)complain (that)抱怨抱怨complain to sb. about/of向某人抱怨向某人抱怨(2)complaint n. 抱怨，投訴抱怨，投訴She complained that no one had been at the airport to meet her. 她抱怨沒有人去機(jī)場接她。她抱怨沒有人去機(jī)場接她。People are always complaining about the too high

34、 housing price. 人們總是抱怨房價太高。人們總是抱怨房價太高。Neighbours _ _ the police _ the dogs barking at night. 鄰居們向警察投訴狗在夜晚吠叫。鄰居們向警察投訴狗在夜晚吠叫。complainedtoabout【高考鏈接【高考鏈接】(2011上海高考上海高考)Its no use _ without taking action. A. complain B. complaining C. being complained D. to be complained【解析【解析】選選B。考查非謂語動詞。句意：光抱怨而不采取任何。考

35、查非謂語動詞。句意：光抱怨而不采取任何行動是沒用的。根據(jù)固定句型行動是沒用的。根據(jù)固定句型Its no use doing sth. “做某事沒做某事沒有用有用”可知選可知選B。7. declare vt. 宣布，宣稱宣布，宣稱(1)declare that. . . 宣布宣布declare sb. /sth. (to be)adj. 宣布某人宣布某人/某物某物declare for/against. . . 公開表示支持公開表示支持/反對反對declare war on/against 對對宣戰(zhàn)宣戰(zhàn)(2)declaration n. 宣布，宣言，宣告，聲宣布，宣言，宣告，聲 明；申報，聲明明

36、；申報，聲明(書書)Greece declared independence in 1822. 希臘于希臘于1822年宣布獨(dú)立。年宣布獨(dú)立。She was declared (to be) innocent. 她被宣布無罪。她被宣布無罪。She declared that she didnt want to see him again. 她宣稱她再也不愿見到他。她宣稱她再也不愿見到他。Germany _ _ _ France on August 3, 1914. 德國在德國在1914年年8月月3日向法國宣戰(zhàn)。日向法國宣戰(zhàn)。declared war against/on【熟詞生義【熟詞生義】讀句

37、子猜含義讀句子猜含義It is hoped that government officials declare all they have earned in a year, which is thought to be helpful to prevent corruption. ( )申報申報8. aware adj. 意識到的，知道的；察覺到的意識到的，知道的；察覺到的(1)be/become aware of 知道，感覺到知道，感覺到be aware that-clause 知道知道；意識到；意識到make sb. aware of 使某人意識到使某人意識到so/as far as I

38、 am aware 就我所知就我所知(2)awareness n. 認(rèn)識，意識認(rèn)識，意識Smokers _ perfectly _ _the dangers of smoking, but most of them simply cant get rid of it. 吸煙者完全知道吸煙的危害，但大多數(shù)只是無法戒掉它。吸煙者完全知道吸煙的危害，但大多數(shù)只是無法戒掉它。I _ _ _ _ much work remains to be done. 我很清楚還有很多工作要做。我很清楚還有很多工作要做。Their sudden attack made us more aware of the dan

39、ger around us. 他們的突然攻擊使我們更清醒地意識到我們周圍的他們的突然攻擊使我們更清醒地意識到我們周圍的危險。危險。This PSA is intended to raise peoples awareness of safety. 這則公益廣告的目的是提高人們的安全意識。這則公益廣告的目的是提高人們的安全意識。areawaream well aware thatof【點(diǎn)津【點(diǎn)津】(1)aware一般用作表語或賓語補(bǔ)足語，不作定語。一般用作表語或賓語補(bǔ)足語，不作定語。(2)常用常用actually，perfectly，well，quite等副詞修飾等副詞修飾aware，意，意思是

40、思是“非常清楚，完全知道非常清楚，完全知道”，但不用，但不用very修飾。修飾?！鞠胍幌搿鞠胍幌搿窟€有哪些形容詞一般不用還有哪些形容詞一般不用very修飾？修飾？【參考答案【參考答案】以以a-開頭的形容詞，如開頭的形容詞，如afraid, asleep, alone, alike, alive, awake以及以及worth, sure等，這些形容詞一般作表語，等，這些形容詞一般作表語，不作定語，這些詞往往用特定的詞來修飾。不作定語，這些詞往往用特定的詞來修飾。The child was fast/sound asleep. 這孩子睡得很香。這孩子睡得很香。Now she is quite a

41、wake. 現(xiàn)在她完全清醒了?，F(xiàn)在她完全清醒了。The little girl is much afraid of snakes. 這小女孩很怕蛇。這小女孩很怕蛇。The book is well worth reading again. 這本書很值得再看一遍。這本書很值得再看一遍。Are you quite sure about that? 你對那事很有把握嗎？你對那事很有把握嗎？9. take over 奪取奪取; 接管；掌握接管；掌握His only reason for investing in the company was to take it over. 他投資這家公司的唯一原因

42、就是接管它。他投資這家公司的唯一原因就是接管它。Would you like me to take over (the driving) for a while? 你愿意讓我接替你你愿意讓我接替你(開開)一會兒一會兒(車車)嗎嗎? 【拓展【拓展】寫出下列寫出下列“take + adv. ”短語短語_ 拿走，移去，減少拿走，移去，減少 _ 拆開拆開, 分開分開_ 收回收回(諾言、話語等諾言、話語等)_ 寫下，記下；拿下，取下；拆除，拆掉寫下，記下；拿下，取下；拆除，拆掉_ 收容；吸收；理解；欺騙；包括收容；吸收；理解；欺騙；包括_ 脫下；起飛；脫下；起飛；(事業(yè)的事業(yè)的)成功；休假成功；休假_

43、呈現(xiàn)；雇用；接受呈現(xiàn)；雇用；接受(工作等工作等)，承擔(dān)，承擔(dān)(責(zé)任等責(zé)任等) _ 拿出，取出，帶拿出，取出，帶出去出去_ 開始從事某項(xiàng)活動；占用開始從事某項(xiàng)活動；占用(時間、空間等時間、空間等)；拿起；拿起take awaytake aparttake backtake downtake intake offtake ontake outtake up10. in good condition狀況良好狀況良好out of condition 身體不適身體不適on condition that 條件是條件是on no condition 決不決不(如果放在句首，句子倒裝如果放在句首，句子倒裝)o

44、n this/that/what condition 在這個在這個/那個那個/什么條件下什么條件下living/housing/working conditions 生活生活/住房住房/工作條件工作條件The car has been well maintained and is _ _ _. 這輛車一直保養(yǎng)得很好，車況極佳。這輛車一直保養(yǎng)得很好，車況極佳。They agreed to lend us the car _ _ _ we return it before the weekend. 他們同意借車給我們，條件是周末以前歸還。他們同意借車給我們，條件是周末以前歸還。She helped

45、 improve prison conditions and gave prisoners work and education. 她幫助改善監(jiān)獄的條件，讓囚犯勞動，接受教育。她幫助改善監(jiān)獄的條件，讓囚犯勞動，接受教育。On no condition must you tell him what has happened. 你決不能把發(fā)生的事情告訴他。你決不能把發(fā)生的事情告訴他。in excellentconditionon condition that【高考鏈接【高考鏈接】(2010遼寧高考遼寧高考)I agree to his suggestion _ the condition that

46、 he drops all charges. A. by B. in C. on D. to【解析【解析】選選C?？疾榻樵~用法。句意：我同意他的建議，條件。考查介詞用法。句意：我同意他的建議，條件是他放棄所有指控。是他放棄所有指控。on the condition that相當(dāng)于一個連詞，相當(dāng)于一個連詞，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，意思是引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，意思是“條件是，以條件是，以為條件為條件”。11. carry out進(jìn)行，執(zhí)行，實(shí)施進(jìn)行，執(zhí)行，實(shí)施Turn off the water supply before carrying out repairs. 在進(jìn)行維修前先關(guān)掉供水。在進(jìn)行維修前先關(guān)

47、掉供水。The survey is now being carried out nationwide. 這項(xiàng)調(diào)查正在全國范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行。這項(xiàng)調(diào)查正在全國范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行?！就卣埂就卣埂垦a(bǔ)全下列補(bǔ)全下列“carry + adv. ”短語短語carry sb. _ 使某人失去控制使某人失去控制carry _ (with sth. ) 繼續(xù)繼續(xù)(某事某事)carry sb. /sth. _ 幫助某人渡過難關(guān)，成功完成某事幫助某人渡過難關(guān)，成功完成某事awayonthrough12. in memory of 紀(jì)念紀(jì)念The memorial was built in memory of President L

48、incoln. 建這個紀(jì)念館是為了紀(jì)念林肯總統(tǒng)。建這個紀(jì)念館是為了紀(jì)念林肯總統(tǒng)?！就卣埂就卣埂垦a(bǔ)全下列補(bǔ)全下列“in +n. + of ”短語短語in _ of 面臨，在面臨，在面前面前in _ of 贊成，支持贊成，支持in _ of 紀(jì)念，對紀(jì)念，對表示敬意表示敬意in _ of 需要需要in _ of 代替，取代代替，取代in _ of 贊揚(yáng)，表揚(yáng)贊揚(yáng)，表揚(yáng)in _ of 關(guān)于，就關(guān)于，就而論，在而論，在方面方面in _ of 支持支持in _ of 就就而言，從而言，從方面方面facefavourhonourneedplacepraiseregardsupportterms13. no

49、 doubt無疑，確實(shí)無疑，確實(shí)beyond /without doubt=certainly 無疑地，確實(shí)地?zé)o疑地，確實(shí)地Theres doubt about/whether. . . 對對有懷疑有懷疑/疑問疑問Theres no doubt about/that. . . 毫無疑問毫無疑問doubt whether/if. . . 懷疑是否懷疑是否dont doubt that. . . 對對不懷疑不懷疑Theres some doubt about his ability to do the job. 他是否有能力做這工作有些疑問。他是否有能力做這工作有些疑問。I doubt wheth

50、er/if I can finish the work on time. 我懷疑我能否按時完成工作。我懷疑我能否按時完成工作。No doubt he means to help, but in fact he just gets in the way. 他確實(shí)是想幫忙，然而事實(shí)上卻只是幫倒忙。他確實(shí)是想幫忙，然而事實(shí)上卻只是幫倒忙。I _ _ _ _ you will succeed. 我肯定你能成功。我肯定你能成功。have no doubt that【點(diǎn)津【點(diǎn)津】doubt可以用作名詞或動詞，后接名詞性從句時可以用作名詞或動詞，后接名詞性從句時, 疑疑問句和否定句用連詞問句和否定句用連詞

51、that；肯定句一般用連接詞；肯定句一般用連接詞 whether, if, what, when 等。等。 14. The desert was once a green land with huge trees, but they were cut down and that resulted in the city being buried by sandwhat a pity! 這片沙漠曾經(jīng)是大樹成蔭的綠洲，但這些樹被砍倒了，那導(dǎo)這片沙漠曾經(jīng)是大樹成蔭的綠洲，但這些樹被砍倒了，那導(dǎo)致樓蘭這座城市被沙塵埋葬致樓蘭這座城市被沙塵埋葬多遺憾啊！多遺憾啊！(1)本句是并列句，本句是并列句，res

52、ulted in后面的賓語后面的賓語the city being buried by sand是動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，是動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，city與與bury之間存在被動關(guān)系，之間存在被動關(guān)系，故用故用being buried。(2)在動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，其邏輯主語一般由物主代詞、名在動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，其邏輯主語一般由物主代詞、名詞所有格、人稱代詞的賓格和名詞的普通格來充當(dāng)。詞所有格、人稱代詞的賓格和名詞的普通格來充當(dāng)。The accident led to five people being killed, including a child. 那起事故導(dǎo)致五人喪生，包括一個孩子。那起事故導(dǎo)致

53、五人喪生，包括一個孩子。I cant imagine _ _ such a young man. 我無法想象瑪麗嫁給這樣的年輕人。我無法想象瑪麗嫁給這樣的年輕人。Do you mind _ _ the window? 你介意我把窗戶打開嗎？你介意我把窗戶打開嗎？【點(diǎn)津【點(diǎn)津】如果動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作主語，其邏輯主語用形容如果動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作主語，其邏輯主語用形容詞性物主代詞和名詞所有格。詞性物主代詞和名詞所有格。Marys/Mary marryingmy/me opening他開會遲到讓校長很生氣。他開會遲到讓校長很生氣。(判斷正誤判斷正誤)His being late for the mee

54、ting made the schoolmaster very angry. ( )Him being late for the meeting made the schoolmaster very angry. ( )15. When asked how a statue from distant Greece could have appeared in China, researchers explained that no doubt this was a result of Alexander the Greats influence. 當(dāng)被問及來自遙遠(yuǎn)希臘的塑像怎么會出現(xiàn)在中國時，

55、研究人當(dāng)被問及來自遙遠(yuǎn)希臘的塑像怎么會出現(xiàn)在中國時，研究人員解釋說，這無疑是亞歷山大大帝的影響所致。員解釋說，這無疑是亞歷山大大帝的影響所致。情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+have done表示對過去情況的推測：表示對過去情況的推測：(1)must have done sth. 過去肯定做過某事過去肯定做過某事(2)cant/couldnt have done sth. 過去不可能做過某事過去不可能做過某事(3)may/might have done sth. 過去可能做過某事過去可能做過某事(語氣不肯定語氣不肯定)My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yester

56、day, so he _ _ _ your lecture. 我妹妹昨天在大劇院我妹妹昨天在大劇院見過他，所以他不可能去聽你的講座。見過他，所以他不可能去聽你的講座。I didnt hear the phone. I _ _ _ asleep. 我沒有聽到電話響。我一定睡著了。我沒有聽到電話響。我一定睡著了。She didnt get there in time. She may have missed the bus. 她沒能及時到達(dá)那兒。她可能沒趕上公共汽車。她沒能及時到達(dá)那兒。她可能沒趕上公共汽車。couldnt have attendedmust have been【點(diǎn)津【點(diǎn)津】(1)

57、could have done還可以表示對過去客觀事實(shí)的虛還可以表示對過去客觀事實(shí)的虛擬。擬。(2)must通常用于肯定句，表示推測；否定句與疑問句用通常用于肯定句，表示推測；否定句與疑問句用cant, couldnt和和can, could。He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he could have expressed it differently. 他并不后悔說出他做過的事，但是覺得本來可以換一種方式他并不后悔說出他做過的事，但是覺得本來可以換一種方式表達(dá)。表達(dá)。【高考鏈接【高考鏈接】(2012江蘇高考江蘇高考)Happ

58、y birthday! Thank you! Its the best present I _ for. A. should have wished B. must have wishedC. may have wished D. could have wished【解析【解析】選選D?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞。句意：?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞。句意：生日快樂！生日快樂！謝謝謝！這是我所能期盼的最好的禮物。謝！這是我所能期盼的最好的禮物。A項(xiàng)使用項(xiàng)使用should have done表示表示“本應(yīng)該做但是沒做本應(yīng)該做但是沒做”，是虛擬語氣；，是虛擬語氣；B項(xiàng)表示推測，項(xiàng)表示推測，放入句中意為放入句中意為“這一定是我期

59、盼過的最好的禮物這一定是我期盼過的最好的禮物”，句意不，句意不通；通；C項(xiàng)表示推測，放入句中意為項(xiàng)表示推測，放入句中意為“這是我可能期盼過的最好這是我可能期盼過的最好的禮物的禮物”，句意不通；，句意不通；D項(xiàng)表示能力，放入句中意為項(xiàng)表示能力，放入句中意為“這是我這是我所能期盼的最好的禮物所能期盼的最好的禮物”，符合句意。，符合句意?！鞠胍幌搿鞠胍幌搿壳閼B(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+have done表示虛擬語氣的有哪些表達(dá)表示虛擬語氣的有哪些表達(dá)方式？方式？【參考答案【參考答案】(1)should/ought to have done sth. 過去本來應(yīng)該過去本來應(yīng)該做某事卻沒做做某事卻沒做(2)shou

60、ldnt/oughtnt to have done sth. 過去本來不應(yīng)做某事卻過去本來不應(yīng)做某事卻做了做了(3)neednt have done sth. 過去本沒有必要做某事但卻做了過去本沒有必要做某事但卻做了You shouldnt have wasted a whole night playing computer games. 你本不應(yīng)該浪費(fèi)一個晚上的時間玩游戲。你本不應(yīng)該浪費(fèi)一個晚上的時間玩游戲。The meeting has been called off. You neednt have come. 會議取消了。你本來沒有必要來。會議取消了。你本來沒有必要來。16. Then

61、 he turned his eyes east, and marched all the way to India, finding victory wherever he went. 然后，他又把目光轉(zhuǎn)向東方，長驅(qū)直入印度，所到之處，攻然后，他又把目光轉(zhuǎn)向東方，長驅(qū)直入印度，所到之處，攻無不克，戰(zhàn)無不勝。無不克，戰(zhàn)無不勝。finding victory是動詞是動詞-ing短語作伴隨狀語，表示的動作與謂短語作伴隨狀語，表示的動作與謂語語marched的動作同時發(fā)生。的動作同時發(fā)生。He looked at me, _ whether I could help him or not. 他看著我

62、，想知道我是否能幫助他。他看著我，想知道我是否能幫助他。As the bell rang, the children ran out of the classroom, _ _ _ merrily. 鈴聲響了，孩子們跑出教室，快樂地有說有笑。鈴聲響了，孩子們跑出教室，快樂地有說有笑。All night long he lay awake, thinking of the problem. 他躺了一整夜都沒有睡著，在想這個問題。他躺了一整夜都沒有睡著，在想這個問題。wonderinglaughing and talking【高考鏈接【高考鏈接】(2012全國卷全國卷)Tony lent me t

63、he money, _ that Id do as much for him. A. hoping B. to hopeC. hoped D. having hoped【解析【解析】選選A。考查非謂語動詞。句意：托尼把錢借給了我，。考查非謂語動詞。句意：托尼把錢借給了我，希望我也為他做同樣多的事。希望我也為他做同樣多的事。hoping為現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，表為現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，表示托尼借錢給我時的心理狀態(tài)。示托尼借錢給我時的心理狀態(tài)。 . 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. Many people randomly surveyed in the street _ they were

64、against the proposal. (expression)2. Beijing, the capital city of China, is the political and _ centre. (culture)3. We face so many problems at present. Can you come up with _ to them? (solve)4. Lots of people have _ about the noise. (complaint)expressedculturalsolutionscomplained5. Now were going t

65、o see the _ of Yuanmingyuan. It was the royal garden in Qing Dynasty. (remain)6. _, over 100 people were killed in the hurricane that happened in America last week. (unfortunate)7. Earthquakes are _ difficult to predict. (extreme)8. As we all know, most ancient _ were born near rivers. (civilization

66、)9. He left as a poor, working class boy and returned as a very _ man. (wealth)10. Several people were injured in a gas _. (explode)remainsUnfortunatelyextremelycivilizationswealthyexplosion. 選擇框中所給的詞組并用其適當(dāng)形式填空選擇框中所給的詞組并用其適當(dāng)形式填空no doubt，stand in ones way， take over，come down with，drive. . . crazy，have an influence on， turn out，break down，have enough of，in memory of1. Mary _ a bad cold and had to see a doctor. 2. He is _ the cleverest student Ive ever taught. 3. He is running for the governor. He