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1、 研究一下近年來的高考試卷研究一下近年來的高考試卷可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，含可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，含 it 的句型幾乎年年的句型幾乎年年考到?？梢娍嫉健？梢?it 句型的重要性和使句型的重要性和使用的普遍性?，F(xiàn)根據(jù)其用法特點(diǎn)用的普遍性?，F(xiàn)根據(jù)其用法特點(diǎn)可歸納為下列幾個(gè)句型?？蓺w納為下列幾個(gè)句型。 1. 1. It is + It is + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + + that .that . 該句型是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。將被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分放在前面，其它部分置于該句型是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。將被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that that 之后。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分可以是主語，賓語，表語或狀語。強(qiáng)調(diào)的主之后。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分可以是主語，賓語，表語或狀語。

2、強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語如果是人，語如果是人，that that 可以由可以由 who who 換用。如果把這種句型結(jié)構(gòu)劃掉后，換用。如果把這種句型結(jié)構(gòu)劃掉后，應(yīng)該是一個(gè)完整無缺的句子。這也是判斷強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與其它從句的方應(yīng)該是一個(gè)完整無缺的句子。這也是判斷強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與其它從句的方法。法。 It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. and an hour hand

3、was made. It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday. It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday. It was in the street that I met her father. It was in the street that I met her father. 2. 2. It is not until + It is not until + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + + that .that . 該句型也是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。主要用于強(qiáng)凋時(shí)間

4、狀語，譯成漢語該句型也是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。主要用于強(qiáng)凋時(shí)間狀語，譯成漢語 “直直到到才才”，可以說是，可以說是 not . until . not . until . 的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.realized she was a famous film star.= = Not until she took off

5、her dark glasses did I realize she Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.was a famous film star.= = I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses. off her dark glasse

6、s. 3. 3. It is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certainIt is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain) that ) that 該句型中該句型中it it 是形式主語，真正的主語是是形式主語，真正的主語是 that that 引導(dǎo)的主語從句，引導(dǎo)的主語從句，常譯為常譯為 “ 清楚（顯然，真的，肯定清楚（顯然，真的，肯定）”是主語從句最常見的是主語從句最常見的一種結(jié)構(gòu)。一種結(jié)構(gòu)。 It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree. It i

7、s very clear that hes round and tall like a tree. = = That hes round and tall like a tree is very clear. That hes round and tall like a tree is very clear. 4. 4. It is important ( necessary, right, strange, natural.) It is important ( necessary, right, strange, natural.) that .that . 該句型和上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型。由

8、于主句中的形容詞不同，該句型和上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型。由于主句中的形容詞不同，that that 后的從句中要用虛擬語氣（后的從句中要用虛擬語氣（should + should + 動(dòng)詞原形），動(dòng)詞原形），should should 可以可以省去。建議省去。建議記住該句型中的形容詞記住該句型中的形容詞。 It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) remember t

9、hese words. It is necessary that he (should) remember these words. 5. 5. It is said (reported, learnedIt is said (reported, learned) that ) that 該句型中的該句型中的it it 仍是形式主語，真正主語是仍是形式主語，真正主語是 that that 引導(dǎo)的主語從引導(dǎo)的主語從句。該結(jié)構(gòu)常譯為句。該結(jié)構(gòu)常譯為“ 據(jù)說（據(jù)報(bào)道，據(jù)悉據(jù)說（據(jù)報(bào)道，據(jù)悉）”。 It is said that he has come to Beijing. It is said t

10、hat he has come to Beijing. It is reported that another man-made satellite has been It is reported that another man-made satellite has been put into orbitput into orbit7. 7. It is a pity ( a shame . ) that .It is a pity ( a shame . ) that . 該句型中，該句型中，that that 后的從句一般用虛擬語氣（后的從句一般用虛擬語氣（should + should

11、 + 動(dòng)詞原動(dòng)詞原形），形），should should 可省去表示出乎意料，常譯為可省去表示出乎意料，常譯為“竟然竟然”。沒有這。沒有這種意義時(shí)，則不用虛擬語氣。種意義時(shí)，則不用虛擬語氣。 It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. 這種事竟然發(fā)生在你們班上，真是遺憾！這種事竟然發(fā)生在你們班上，真是遺憾！ It is a pity that he is ill. It is a pi

12、ty that he is ill. 他生病了，真遺憾！他生病了，真遺憾！ 6. 6. It is suggested ( ordered, required . ) that .It is suggested ( ordered, required . ) that . 該句型和上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型。主句中的過去分詞是表示請求，該句型和上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型。主句中的過去分詞是表示請求，建議，命令等詞時(shí)，建議，命令等詞時(shí)，that that 后的從句要用虛擬語氣（后的從句要用虛擬語氣（should + should + 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞原形），原形），should should 可以省。常譯為可以省。常譯

13、為“ 據(jù)建議；有命令據(jù)建議；有命令）”。 It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours. It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours. 8. 8. It is time ( about time , high time ) t

14、hat .It is time ( about time , high time ) that . 該句型中該句型中that that 后的從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣，值得注意的是后的從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語氣，值得注意的是 常用常用過去時(shí)態(tài)表示虛擬過去時(shí)態(tài)表示虛擬 有時(shí)也用有時(shí)也用should + should + 動(dòng)詞原形，動(dòng)詞原形，should should 不不能省。常譯為能省。常譯為“是（正是）是（正是）的時(shí)侯的時(shí)侯”。 It is time that children should go to bed. It is time that children should go to bed. = It

15、 is time that children went to bed. = It is time that children went to bed. 9. 9. It is the first ( second It is the first ( second ) time that ) time that 該句型要和上一個(gè)句型區(qū)別開來。該句型中的該句型要和上一個(gè)句型區(qū)別開來。該句型中的 that that 從句不用虛從句不用虛擬語氣，而用擬語氣，而用完成時(shí)態(tài)完成時(shí)態(tài)。至于用什么完成時(shí)態(tài)，由主句的謂語動(dòng)詞。至于用什么完成時(shí)態(tài)，由主句的謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)決定。如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，后面從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

16、態(tài)；如果的時(shí)態(tài)決定。如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，后面從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)；如果是一般過去時(shí)，后面從句則用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)。該結(jié)構(gòu)中是一般過去時(shí)，后面從句則用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)。該結(jié)構(gòu)中 that that 可以可以省去；省去；it it 有時(shí)用有時(shí)用 this this 替換，常譯為替換，常譯為“是第一（二）是第一（二）次次”。 It is the first time I have been here. It is the first time I have been here. = = This is the first time I have been here. This is the first time

17、 I have been here. 10. It is since . 該句型主要用作處理瞬間動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)，又要和表示一段時(shí)間該句型主要用作處理瞬間動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)，又要和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語連用的問題。主句中是時(shí)間作表語，其時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或的時(shí)間狀語連用的問題。主句中是時(shí)間作表語，其時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或完成時(shí)，完成時(shí)，since 引導(dǎo)的從句通常是引導(dǎo)的從句通常是一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，而且是瞬間動(dòng)詞一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，而且是瞬間動(dòng)詞。如果主句是一般過去時(shí)，從句則用過去完成時(shí)。如果主句是一般過去時(shí)，從句則用過去完成時(shí)。 It is ( has been ) 5 years since his father died.

18、 11. It is . when . 該句型中的該句型中的 when 引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句，主句中的引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句，主句中的 it 指時(shí)間，表語由具體的時(shí)間充當(dāng)。常譯為指時(shí)間，表語由具體的時(shí)間充當(dāng)。常譯為“當(dāng)當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候，的時(shí)候，是是”。 It was 5 oclock when he came here. 12. It be . before . 該句型主句中的該句型主句中的 it 指時(shí)間指時(shí)間, 主句中的時(shí)態(tài)常是將來一般時(shí)或過主句中的時(shí)態(tài)常是將來一般時(shí)或過去時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài)主句中的表語多是去時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài)主句中的表語多是long, not long , 3 days , 2 weeks

19、等表示時(shí)間段的詞或短語。常譯為等表示時(shí)間段的詞或短語。常譯為“之后之后”。 It was 3 days before he went to Beijing. It will be not long before he finishes his job. 13. It happens that. 該句型中該句型中it是形式主語，是形式主語，that 引導(dǎo)的是主語從句，主句中的引導(dǎo)的是主語從句，主句中的happen是不及物動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞 It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧碰巧 14. It t

20、akes sb. to do sth. 該句型中的不定式是真正的主語，該句型中的不定式是真正的主語，it是形式主語，句型中的直是形式主語，句型中的直接賓語是時(shí)間。常譯為接賓語是時(shí)間。常譯為“做做要花費(fèi)某人要花費(fèi)某人”。 It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. 15. It is no good (use ) doing sth. 該句型中的真正主語是動(dòng)名詞短語，主句中的表語可以是該句型中的真正主語是動(dòng)名詞短語，主句中的表語可以是no good , ( not any good ) , no use , (

21、not any use )。 It is no good learning English without speaking English. 該句型中該句型中whether 引導(dǎo)的從句是真正主語，該句型常譯為引導(dǎo)的從句是真正主語，該句型常譯為“不論（是否）不論（是否） 沒關(guān)系沒關(guān)系。 It doesnt matter whether they are old (or not). 該句型中的不定式短語是真正主語，如果不定式的邏輯主語是該句型中的不定式短語是真正主語，如果不定式的邏輯主語是由由 of 引起，主句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語特征的形容詞。引起，主句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語特

22、征的形容詞。常見的有常見的有: bad, brave, careless, clever, cruel, foolish, good (好好心的心的), honest, horrible, kind, lazy, modest, naughty, nice (有教有教養(yǎng)的養(yǎng)的), polite, rude, silly, stupid, wise, wrong (錯(cuò)誤的錯(cuò)誤的)等。等。 這個(gè)這個(gè)句型可以改寫為：句型可以改寫為：sb. is kind to do sth. It is kind of you to say so. You are kind to say so. 18. It is

23、 necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. 該句型與上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型。不定式的邏輯主語由該句型與上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型。不定式的邏輯主語由for 引起，引起，形容詞通常表示重要性，緊迫性，頻繁程度，難易，安全等情況。形容詞通常表示重要性，緊迫性，頻繁程度，難易，安全等情況。常見的形容詞有：常見的形容詞有： 如：如：It is important for her to come to the party. It is important that she (should ) come to the party 19. It seems/appears that 看來看來 I

24、t seems/appears that he will be back in a few days. It looks ( seems ) as if . 該句型中該句型中it 無意義。無意義。 as if 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)狀語從句。常譯為，引導(dǎo)一個(gè)狀語從句。常譯為，“看看起來好象起來好象 如果與事實(shí)不相符合，則用虛擬語氣如果與事實(shí)不相符合，則用虛擬語氣 It looks as if he is ill.（真的病了）真的病了） It seemed as if he were dying.(虛擬語氣虛擬語氣) 20. We think it important to learn a foreign language. 該句型中的該句型中的it 作形式賓語。為了記憶方便我們可稱該句型為：作形式賓語。為了記憶方便我們可稱該句型為： 【 】 We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. He felt it important learning English well. They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.