《高三英語二輪 三輪總復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)突破 第四節(jié) 動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)課件》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《高三英語二輪 三輪總復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)突破 第四節(jié) 動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)課件（67頁珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、第四節(jié)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)第四節(jié)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)考點(diǎn)分類突破考點(diǎn)分類突破 考點(diǎn)十九一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 【真題再現(xiàn)】 1(2010重慶) The palace caught fire three times in the last century, and little of the original building _ now. A. remains B. is remained C. is remaining D. has been remained 答案與解析：Aremain是不及物動(dòng)詞，故沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)，排除B、D兩項(xiàng)，表示“存在”意義的狀態(tài)性動(dòng)詞一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)，所以此處用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 2(2010遼

2、寧)I _ all the cooking for my family, but recently Ive been too busy to do it. A. will do B. do C. am doing D. had done 答案與解析：B句意：通常由我來為家人做飯，但是因?yàn)樽罱苊Γ晕覜]有時(shí)間做。第一句是陳述的事實(shí)，因此應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 【考點(diǎn)詮釋】 1基本概念： (1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一個(gè)習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的、現(xiàn)在反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作或者狀態(tài)。常與副詞always, every time, now and then, occasionally, often, seldom, some

3、times, usually等連用。 (2)表示客觀事實(shí)或者普遍真理。 2特殊用法： (1)在時(shí)間、條件、讓步狀語從句中，如果主句中的動(dòng)詞用一般將來時(shí)，從句中的動(dòng)詞通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，而不用將來時(shí)態(tài)。 (2)時(shí)間表、時(shí)刻表、日程表、節(jié)目單、課程表等按規(guī)定將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)。 考點(diǎn)二十一般過去時(shí) 【真題再現(xiàn)】 1(2010全國)Excuse me. I _ I was blocking your way. A. didnt realize B. dont realize C. havent realized D. wasnt realizing 答案與解析：A根據(jù)第二句后半

4、部分的內(nèi)容可知敘述的是過去的情況，此處表示的是說話之前沒有意識(shí)到擋住了對(duì)方的路，所以用一般過去時(shí)。 2(2010重慶)The book has been translated into thirty languages since it _ on the market in 1973. A. had come B. has come C. came D. comes 答案與解析：C主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，since所引導(dǎo)的從句通常用一般過去時(shí)。 3(2010安徽)Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he _. A. was busy B. is busy

5、C. had been busy D. will be busy 答案與解析：Awould have done表示本來要做某事，可是實(shí)際上并沒有做，是對(duì)過去事情的虛擬，所以這里用一般過去時(shí)。 【考點(diǎn)詮釋】 1基本概念：表示在過去某一時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，與現(xiàn)在沒有關(guān)系。常與yesterday, last year, last night, the other day, just now, then, two days ago, in 1999, at that time等表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。 2特殊用法： 有些情況發(fā)生的時(shí)間沒有具體表明，但實(shí)際上是“剛才、剛剛”發(fā)生的，要用一般過去時(shí)

6、態(tài)。常見的有“I didnt know.”或者“I forgot.”等，表示事先不知道或者不記得，但現(xiàn)在已知道或者記得的事情。這是高考的一個(gè)?？键c(diǎn)。 考點(diǎn)二十一一般將來時(shí) 【真題再現(xiàn)】 (2009江蘇)Ann is in hospital. Oh, really？I _ know. I _ go and visit her. A. didnt; am going to B. dont; would C. dont; will D. didnt; will 答案與解析：D第一空的“不知道”應(yīng)該是過去不知道，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)知道了，要用一般過去時(shí)表示，答案在A、D兩項(xiàng)中產(chǎn)生。be going to和wil

7、l都可以表示將來發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，用be going to往往表示計(jì)劃和打算，而用will則表示臨時(shí)作出的決定，因此這里選D項(xiàng)。 【考點(diǎn)詮釋】 1基本概念： (1)表示將來會(huì)出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作或者狀態(tài)，常與如this evening, tomorrow, next Monday, at the end of this term, in a few minutes等表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用。 (2)事物的固有屬性或者必然趨勢(shì)。 2特殊用法： (1)be going to do 表示“計(jì)劃、打算、即將做某事”，多用于口語中。也可以表示根據(jù)現(xiàn)在的跡象對(duì)未來進(jìn)行推斷。 (2)be about to do表示“正要做某

8、事，即將做某事”，不與具體的時(shí)間狀語連用，但可與when引導(dǎo)的從句連用。 (3)be to do表示“按計(jì)劃或者安排要做的事；說話人的意志、意圖、職責(zé)、命令、義務(wù)等；注定要發(fā)生的事”。 考點(diǎn)二十二現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 【真題再現(xiàn)】 1(2009江蘇)Hi, Torry, can I use your computer for a while this afternoon? Sorry. _. A. Its repaired B. It has been repaired C. Its being repaired D. It had been repaired 答案與解析：C由語境及Sorry一詞可知這

9、里表示“正在修理”，故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。句意：喂，泰銳，今天下午我可以用一下你的電腦嗎？對(duì)不起，它正在被修理。 2(2010北京)Im not finished with my dinner yet. But our friends _ for us. A. will wait B. wait C. have waited D. are waiting 答案與解析：D根據(jù)題干內(nèi)容可知，這里表示的是此時(shí)此刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，即“我們的朋友們正在等著我們”，因此用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。 【考點(diǎn)詮釋】 1基本概念： 表示現(xiàn)在(指說話人說話時(shí))正在發(fā)生的事情；表示長(zhǎng)期的或重復(fù)的動(dòng)作，說話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行。 2特殊用

10、法： (1)表示漸變，這樣的動(dòng)詞有g(shù)et, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。 (2)與always, constantly, forever, continually, all the time等詞連用，表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài)，往往帶有說話人的主觀色彩，表示不滿、抱怨或者贊賞等感情色彩。 (3)go, come, leave, arrive, return, stop, start, begin, die, lose等動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常常是不易改變的。 考點(diǎn)二十三過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 【真題再現(xiàn)】 1(2010湖南)I

11、walked slowly through the market, where people _ all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed. A. sell B. were selling C. had sold D. have sold 答案與解析：B表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)候正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。句意：我慢慢地在市場(chǎng)里逛，那里人們正在賣各種各樣的水果和蔬菜。我仔細(xì)察看了一下價(jià)格，買了我需要的東西。 2(2009山東)I was out of town

12、at the time, so I dont know exactly how it _. A. was happening B. happened C. happens D. has happened 答案與解析：A句意：那時(shí)我不在鎮(zhèn)上，因此我不知道那時(shí)候究竟發(fā)生了什么事情。由時(shí)間狀語at the time以及exactly可知這里強(qiáng)調(diào)“當(dāng)時(shí)”正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，要用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示，故選A項(xiàng)。 【考點(diǎn)詮釋】 1基本概念： 表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，常與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語從句以及at that time, at that moment, at this time yesterd

13、ay, at ten oclock yesterday等連用；表示過去某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 2考查重點(diǎn)： (1)把過去進(jìn)行時(shí)放在when, while, as等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中考查。一個(gè)長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作作為背景，被一個(gè)短動(dòng)作打斷，動(dòng)作時(shí)間長(zhǎng)的往往用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，動(dòng)作時(shí)間短的用一般過去時(shí)。 (2)把過去進(jìn)行時(shí)放在某特定的語境中考查。 考點(diǎn)二十四現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 【真題再現(xiàn)】 1(2010全國)When you are home, give a call to let me know you _ safely. A. are arriving B. have arrived C. had arrived

14、 D. will arrive 答案與解析：B句意：當(dāng)你到家時(shí)，給我打個(gè)電話，好讓我知道你平安抵達(dá)。由When you are home可知賓語從句中應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，因此答案為B項(xiàng)。 2(2010北京)Im sorry, but I dont quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20? Sorry, I _ myself clear. We want to return on October 20. A. hadnt made B. wouldnt make C. dont make

15、D. havent made 答案與解析：D根據(jù)題干內(nèi)容可知，答話者是說自己沒有把話說清楚從而導(dǎo)致“對(duì)方誤解”，即這一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了影響，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 3(2010山東)Up to now, the program _ thousands of children who would otherwise have died. A. would save B. saves C. had saved D. has saved 答案與解析：D由句中的時(shí)間狀語Up to now“到目前為止”可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 4(2010四川)When shall we restart our busine

16、ss? Not until we _ our plan. A. will finish B. are finishing C. are to finish D. have finished 答案與解析：D在時(shí)間狀語從句中，當(dāng)表示將來完成的意義時(shí)，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)代替將來完成時(shí)。 5(2010浙江)For many years, people _ electric cars. However, making them has been more difficult than predicted. A. had dreamed of B. have dreamed of C. dreamed of D

17、. dream of 答案與解析：B從For many years可知，此處謂語動(dòng)詞用完成時(shí)態(tài)，排除C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)；又因后一句用的是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，故排除A項(xiàng)。據(jù)此答案應(yīng)該選B項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)”。 【考點(diǎn)詮釋】 1基本概念： (1)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，但對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響，往往具有因果關(guān)系。 (2)表示過去發(fā)生過一次或者多次的動(dòng)作，已成為某種經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 (3)表示過去某時(shí)開始的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)至今并可能繼續(xù)下去，只能用于延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，常與for, lately, recently, in the past/last few days, since then, ever since, up to now, so far

18、等時(shí)間狀語連用。 2特殊用法： (1)在時(shí)間、條件、讓步狀語從句中，表示將來某時(shí)之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。 (2)終止性動(dòng)詞用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的肯定句時(shí)，不可與表示“一段時(shí)間”的狀語連用，但若用于否定句，則可以。 (3)用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的固定句式：This/That/It is the first/second/third.time(that)從句，從句中用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)；This/That/It is the形容詞的最高級(jí)名詞(that)從句，從句中用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。 考點(diǎn)二十五現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) 【真題再現(xiàn)】 1(2010重慶)Why do you want to work for our company

19、? This is the job that I _ for. A. looked B. am to look C. had looked D. have been looking 答案與解析：D現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作從過去開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，更強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性。 2(2010江西)Mother wanted to be a good provider, a role she _ since her marriage to Father. A. shoulders B. shouldered C. is shouldering D. has been shouldering 答案與解析：D句

20、意：母親想成為一名好的供養(yǎng)人一個(gè)自她嫁給父親以來一直在擔(dān)任的角色。因?yàn)橛衧ince而且是動(dòng)作的延續(xù)，所以用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，即she has been shouldering作定語，修飾a role。 3(2010遼寧)Joseph _ to evening classes since last month, but he still cant say “Whats your name？”in Russian. A. has been going B. went C. goes D. has gone 答案與解析：A句意：從上個(gè)月開始，Joseph一直在上夜校學(xué)俄語，但是他仍沒有學(xué)會(huì)用俄語說“你

21、叫什么名字？”。根據(jù)句意，表示自從過去到現(xiàn)在一直發(fā)生的事情且有可能持續(xù)下去，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，故選A項(xiàng)。 4(2010安徽)Weve spent too much money recently. Well, it isnt surprising. Our friends and relatives _ around all the time. A. are coming B. had come C. were coming D. have been coming 答案與解析：D此處表示的是從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，表示的是動(dòng)作的延續(xù)，故用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。 5(2010湖南)Im ti

22、red out. I _ all afternoon and I dont seem to have finished anything. A. shopped B. have shopped C. had shopped D. have been shopping 答案與解析：D此處用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性。句意：我很疲勞了。我整個(gè)下午一直在購物，好像還沒有購?fù)辍?6(2010天津)We _ on this project for four hours. Lets have a rest. A. are working B. have been working C. worked

23、D. had worked 答案與解析：B后面的Lets have a rest說明到現(xiàn)在為止我們一直在工作，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 7(2010陜西)I have to see the doctor because I _ a lot lately. A. have been coughing B. had coughed C. coughed D. cough 答案與解析：A句意：我得去看醫(yī)生，因?yàn)槲易罱恢笨人缘煤軈柡?。lately表示“最近”，與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)連用，因此答案選A項(xiàng)，此處表示在說話之前一直持續(xù)的動(dòng)作。 8(2010浙江)Why, Jack, y

24、ou look so tired! Well, I _ the house and I must finish the work tomorrow. A. was painting B. will be painting C. have painted D. have been painting 答案與解析：D答話人敘述的是現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)，再結(jié)合答語中的時(shí)間狀語可知答話人從過去到現(xiàn)在一直在粉刷房子，而且還要持續(xù)下去，所以用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。 【考點(diǎn)詮釋】 1基本概念： 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)是由“have/has been現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成，表示過去某一時(shí)刻發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且現(xiàn)在還在進(jìn)行。它具備“

25、未完成性、暫時(shí)性、感情色彩”等特點(diǎn)。 2與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別： (1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是動(dòng)作已完成，著重結(jié)果；現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)是持續(xù)了一段時(shí)間的動(dòng)作，這個(gè)動(dòng)作仍在繼續(xù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性。 (2)有些延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如：live, teach, work, study, learn, stay等用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)時(shí)差別不大。 3一般不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的常見動(dòng)詞有： (1)短暫動(dòng)作類：finish, marry, get up, come, go等。 (2)感覺類：hate, love, fear, like, want, wish, prefer, refuse, forgive等。 (3

26、)感官類：see, hear, smell, taste, feel, notice, look, seem, appear等。 (4)存在類：be, exist, remain, stay, obtain等。 (5)占有、從屬類：have, possess, own, contain, belong, consist of等。 (6)認(rèn)知類：understand, know, believe, think, doubt, forget, remember等。 考點(diǎn)二十六過去完成時(shí) 【真題再現(xiàn)】 1(2010安徽)Were you surprised by the ending of the

27、film? No. I _ the book, so I already knew the story. A. was reading B. had read C. am reading D. have read 答案與解析：B問句用的是一般過去時(shí)，答語的意思是在此之前已經(jīng)讀過了這本書，所以用過去完成時(shí)。 2(2010湖南)I was just going to cut my rose bushes but someone _ it. Was it you? A. has done B. had done C. would do D. will do 答案與解析：Bdo的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在was ju

28、st going to cut my rose bushes之前，即“過去的過去”，故用過去完成時(shí)。句意：我剛剛打算要修剪玫瑰花叢，但有人已做了。是你嗎？ 3(2010北京)It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they _ for me. A. had done B. did C. would do D. were doing 答案與解析：A根據(jù)題干內(nèi)容可知，do這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在句中took這個(gè)過去動(dòng)作之前，即是“過去的過去”，因此用過去完成時(shí)。 4(2010江蘇)Peter, where did y

29、ou guys go for the summer vacation? We _ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves. A. were B. have been C. had been D. will be 答案與解析：C結(jié)合問句中的時(shí)態(tài)以及答語后半句中的時(shí)態(tài)可知答語前半句表示的是過去的過去，所以用過去完成時(shí)。 【考點(diǎn)詮釋】 1基本概念： 表示在過去某一時(shí)間或某一動(dòng)作之前已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可以表示從過去某一時(shí)間開始的動(dòng)作或者狀態(tài)一直延續(xù)到過去的另一時(shí)間。常與by then, by th

30、at time, until, by the end of, before 2000, by the time句子等時(shí)間狀語連用。如果兩個(gè)動(dòng)作緊接著發(fā)生，只用一般過去時(shí)，特別是包含after, before, as soon as等連詞的復(fù)合句中，但也可以使用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)。 2特殊用法： (1)表示未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望、打算、意圖、諾言等，常用had hoped/planned/meant/intended/thought/wanted/expected等或者用上述動(dòng)詞的過去式動(dòng)詞不定式的完成式，即：hoped/planned.to have done。 (2)“時(shí)間名詞before”在句子中作狀語

31、，謂語動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)；“時(shí)間名詞ago”在句子中作狀語，謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)。 (3)hardly/scarcely.when., no sooner. than.句型中，主句中用過去完成時(shí)，從句中用一般過去時(shí)。 (4)It was一段時(shí)間since從句，從句中用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)。 (5)This/That/It was the first time/second. timethat從句，從句中用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)。 考點(diǎn)二十七過去將來時(shí) 【真題再現(xiàn)】 (2009湖南)When he _ the door, he found his keys were nowhere. A. would open B

32、. opened C. had opened D. was to open 答案與解析：D句意：當(dāng)他想開門的時(shí)候，他發(fā)現(xiàn)他的鑰匙不在了。這里用be to do sth.表示按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，故選D項(xiàng)。 【考點(diǎn)詮釋】 1基本概念 過去將來時(shí)表示過去將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 2表示方法： (1)would do, was/were going to do sth.表過去將來； (2)come, go, leave等動(dòng)詞的過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表過去將來時(shí)； (3)was/were to do sth.和was/were about to do sth.表過去將來。 考點(diǎn)二十八將來進(jìn)行時(shí) 【真題再現(xiàn)】 1(2

33、010福建)Guess what, weve got our visas for a shortterm visit to the UK this summer. How nice！You _ a different culture then. A. will be experiencing B. have experienced C. have been experiencing D. will have experienced 答案與解析：A句意：你猜怎么了，我們獲得了這個(gè)夏天到英國短期旅游的簽證。太好了，那你到時(shí)就可以體驗(yàn)一種不同的文化了。顯然應(yīng)用將來時(shí)，而且是將來一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的動(dòng)作，不側(cè)

34、重完成，故答案為A項(xiàng)。 2(2010浙江)If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring, you _ fresh watermelon in the fall. A. eat B. would eat C. have eaten D. will be eating 答案與解析：D從if條件句中謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)可以知道，主句應(yīng)該用將來時(shí)態(tài)，故排除A、B和C項(xiàng)。D項(xiàng)是將來進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)“將來某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作”，符合句意和語法。 【考點(diǎn)詮釋】 將來進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)或時(shí)間段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 考點(diǎn)二十九被動(dòng)語態(tài) 【真題再現(xiàn)】 1(2010

35、全國)The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune _. A. is made B. would make C. was to be made D. had made 答案與解析：C句意：(他們)在澳大利亞發(fā)現(xiàn)了金子，這使成千上萬的人相信他們就要發(fā)財(cái)了。主句的謂語動(dòng)詞為一般過去時(shí)，因此believe后的賓語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞用過去將來時(shí)表示過去即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。短語make a fortune意為“賺大錢”，結(jié)合句意，此處應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，因此答案為C項(xiàng)。 2(2010全國)Linda, make s

36、ure the tables _ before the guests arrive. A. be set B. set C. are set D. are setting 答案與解析：C在make sure后的賓語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且the tables與set之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。故選C項(xiàng)。 3(2010湖南)This coastal area _ a national wildlife reserve last year. A. was named B. named C. is named D. names 答案與解析：A根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語last year可知此處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。主語

37、This coastal area和name之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式。句意：這個(gè)海濱地區(qū)去年被命名為國家野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)區(qū)。 4(2010福建)Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the moneymaking jobs they _ before leaving their hometowns. A. promised B. were promised C. have promised D. have been promised 答案與解析：D句意：每年都有大批農(nóng)民到深圳打工賺錢，在離開家鄉(xiāng)之前他們已被承諾可以獲得這

38、些工作機(jī)會(huì)。本句中含有定語從句，修飾jobs。promise sb. sth.“答應(yīng)某人某事”，此處應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，并且動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句中的動(dòng)作發(fā)生之前，應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。 5(2010四川)Youve failed to do what you _ to and Im afraid the teacher will blame you. A. will expect B. will be expected C. expected D. were expected 答案與解析：D由句意“你沒有達(dá)到期望”可知，賓語從句中用一般過去時(shí)；從句中的主語you是動(dòng)詞expect的承受者，故謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)

39、語態(tài)。 6(2010北京)In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the “r” sounds at the end of the words _. Aare dropped Bdrop Care being dropped Dhave dropped 答案與解析：A句意：在美國一些地方的口語中，“r”這個(gè)音在單詞結(jié)尾被省略了。動(dòng)詞drop與句子主語是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，由此可以排除B、D兩項(xiàng)。另外，這里描述一種現(xiàn)象，因此用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 【考點(diǎn)詮釋】 被動(dòng)語態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞be及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞“構(gòu)成。英語中最常用的被動(dòng)語態(tài)有十種，各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成如下表(以do為例)：一般式一般式進(jìn)行式進(jìn)行式完成式完成式現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在時(shí)am/is/are doneam/is/are being donehas/havebeen done過去時(shí)過去時(shí)was/were donewas/were being donehad beendone將來時(shí)將來時(shí)shall/will be donewill/shallhave beendone過去將過去將來時(shí)來時(shí)should/wouldbe doneshould/would have been done