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1、【1】 stand n. 站，立，停止；立場；地位；臺；壇；攤 v(stood，stood)站；立；起立；坐落；經受；持久He was criticized for his tough stand on immigration.他因在移民問題上立場強硬受到批評。There stand some skyscrapers along the foot of the mountain.山下有一些高樓大廈。Standing at the top of the hill, we can see the whole village.站在山頂，我們可以看到整個村莊。Nobody can stand bein

2、g laughed at in public.沒有人能受得了在公眾場合被人嘲笑。stand by 站在旁邊stand for 代表stand on ones feet 自主，自助stand at attention 立正stand, tolerate, bear, put up withstand指忍受某事物；容忍某人的行為；經受得起。不用被動語態(tài)，尤其用于否定句和疑問句中，與can/could連用，不用于進行時態(tài)，后跟名詞、代詞、動名詞或不定式。tolerate忍受令人生厭的事，隱含為了和平和融洽，而不反對的意思。與put up with意思相近，均指耐心忍受，含有寬恕，不計較之意。Ther

3、e is a limit to what one person can tolerate.一個人的容忍是有限度的。I dont know how she puts up with him.我不明白她怎么受得了他。bear忍受，忍耐，指可以忍受饑寒、痛苦、困難、不幸、侮辱，與stand意義相近，在否定句和疑問句中與can/could連用。The pain was almost more than he could bear.這種痛苦幾乎使他無法忍受。If we dont take measures to reduce noise pollution, one day we can not _ i

4、t.A. put off B. put forward C. put up with D. put up forConsidering his home situation, he had to _ his wife in many aspects.He can _ more pain than anyone else I know.She had to _ many inconvenience while studying abroad.C此處的詞義是“忍受”。D項不是一個固定的搭配；A項表示“推遲”；B項表示“提出”。tolerate/put up withstand/bearput up

5、 with/tolerate【2】 doubt n. & v. 懷疑， 疑惑doubt接賓語從句，在否定句和疑問句中，doubt后面需接that引導的賓語從句；如用于肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引導的賓語從句。在肯定句中，doubt后面也可以接that引導的賓語從句，但表示疑慮較大或不相信。We dont doubt that he can deal with the accident.我們相信他能處理這個事故。I doubt whether Tom has taken my watch.我不太相信湯姆拿了我的手表。I doubt that he has stolen m

6、y watch.我懷疑他偷了我的手表。doubt接同位語從句。doubt用在否定句中，后面接that 引導的同位語從句；doubt用在肯定句中，后面接whether 引導的同位語從句，注意不可以用if替換whether。如：There is no doubt that he can do a good job of it.毫無疑問，這件工作他會干得很出色。There is some doubt whether she can win the match.她能否贏得這場比賽還有些疑問。作名詞時常與about/of/as to/on等介詞連用。Ive no doubt of your abilit

7、y. 我肯定你有能力。People have no doubt about it.對此人們堅信不疑。There is no doubt about對毫不懷疑There is no doubt that毫無疑問no doubt肯定的，毫無疑問的without/beyond doubt無疑；當然in doubt懷疑，不肯定make no doubt of對毫不懷疑throw/cast doubt on對產生懷疑clear up all doubts 消除一切疑慮have doubt about 對有疑問 Do you think that Mary will win the speech cont

8、est this weekend? _. She is said to have won several big prizes already.A. No doubt B. No wayC. No wonder D. No surpriseI had _ whether or not I should attend the meeting.A. expected B. supposedC. imagined D. doubtedKate paid him in advance, which _ was a mistake.A. no more B. no doubtC. no wonder D

9、. no luck A后句說明了她的實力，這里應該是說“毫無疑問”。 D句意：我懷疑我是否應該參加這個會議。根據(jù)后面賓語從句的連接詞whether及句子意義，用doubt表示“懷疑”。 Bno doubt毫無疑問，無疑。no more不再；no wonder不出奇。運氣不好應用bad luck。【3】 focus v. 集中，聚集，調整 n焦點The discussion focused on three main problems.討論集中在3個主要問題上。Bring the object into focus if you want a sharp photograph.要照出清晰的照片，

10、就要把焦點對準物體。He always wants to be the focus of attention.他總想成為注意力的焦點。focus () on (注意力，時間等)集中于You should focus your attention on your work.你應該把注意力放到工作上。All our efforts are focused on bringing everything in the floodstricken areas back to normal.目前我們的工作重點是使遭受洪災的地區(qū)一切恢復正常。另外，center () on， concentrate () o

11、n， keep/fix ones concentration on與focus () on的詞義基本一致。With all their attention _ on the program on TV, no one could even notice that someone was crawling into the house.A. to focus B. focusingC. focused D. to be focused C 句型withO.O.C.中，attention與focus之間為被動關系，且根據(jù)時態(tài)可知，事情已經發(fā)生，所以不選D?！?】 admit vt. 準許進入；錄取

12、，接受；承認；容納The auditorium admits 5,000 persons.這座禮堂可容納5000人。admitto/into 允許進入be admitted to/into 被錄取，被接受David was admitted into the club in 2005.大衛(wèi)在2005年被俱樂部接納。admit (doing) sth./that承認The child admitted that he had broken the glass.小孩承認他打碎了玻璃杯。admission n準入，接納Last admissions to the park are at 4 pm.公

13、園最晚的入園時間是下午4點。 Did Jack _ having taken some books without telling anyone? Yes. He said he took 4 books.A. imagine B. admitC. attempt D. allow Badmit doing sth. 承認做了某事?！?】 blame v. 責備；譴責；歸咎于 n. 責怪；(過失、過錯等)責任sb. be to blame for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事某人應該受到譴責The careless driver is to blame for the traffic

14、 accident happening yesterday.那個粗心的司機該為昨天發(fā)生的交通事故負責。The student blamed the teacher for his failure.學生因他的失敗而怪老師。bear/take/accept/get the blame for sth. 對某事承擔責任Why do I always get the blame for everything that goes wrong?為什么出了事總是讓我背黑鍋？If you fail the exam, youll only have yourself to blame.你若考試不及格，只能怪自

15、己。blame sth. on sb. 因某事而指責某人lay/put the blame for sth. on sb. 把某事歸咎于某人【注意】be to blame為不及物動詞短語，應負責，該受責備(無被動形式)。句型轉換A: She blamed the failure of their marriage on him.B: She _ _ _ the failure of their marriage.The continuous rain was _ for the exceptional poor harvest.A. blamed B. condemnedC. accused

16、D. chargedblamed him forAblame sb./sth. for因埋怨、責怪；condemn 譴責、判刑；accuse sb. of/charge sb. with控告某人犯有【6】 discourage vt. 打消(做的念頭)，使氣餒discourage sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事Our teacher discourages us from speaking in class.老師不允許我們在課堂上講話。We ought to be focusing on discouraging the kids from smoking.我們應該把重

17、點放在勸阻孩子吸煙的問題上。“阻止某人做某事”還有以下表達：stop sb. from doing sth.prevent sb. from doing sth.keep sb. from doing sth.The storm prevented/stopped/kept him from going to work on time.暴風雪使他不能按時上班。 【注意】在上面的幾個結構中，只有keep sb. from doing sth.結構中的from不能去掉。 His parents _ him from playing basketball because he didnt do we

18、ll in his subjects recently.A. discouraged B. attracted C. disturbed D. distractedSome parents in the countryside keep their children _ in the fields instead of going to school, but now some policies are being made to keep the parents _so.A. from working; from doing B. working; doingC. working; from

19、 doing D. from working; doingA本題考查固定搭配discourage sb. from doing sth.，意為“阻止某人做某事”。B、C、D項與題意不符。C第一空是keep sb. doing讓某人(一直)做；第二空是keepfrom doing阻止做【7】 be determined to do “堅定/堅決地要做”，強調狀態(tài)。比較：determine to do decide to do，“堅決/決定要做”，強調動作。We are determined to finish the task by Friday.我們決心在周五前完成工作。They determ

20、ined to help the old man the moment they saw him lying by the roadside.他們一看到躺在路邊的老人就決定要幫助他。表示“決心做”常用以下方式表達：make up ones mind to dobe determined to dodecide to dodetermine to do_ to win the gold medal, the athlete has been making preparations for more than three years.A. Be determined B. DeterminedC.

21、 Determine D. To determineBbe determined to do中的determined事實上已轉換成形容詞，這里為形容詞短語充當狀語。【2】 make it 成功，做到Though there is much difficulty, I believe we will make it.盡管有些困難，但我相信我們能做到。The train leaves at 6：45 and I think we can make it.這趟火車6：45開，我認為我們能趕得上。When I am out, would you please _ that my garden is t

22、aken good care of?A. see to itB. make itC. appreciate itD. take it for grantedAsee to it that確保。B項表示“成功，做到”。C項表示“感激”；D項表示“想當然”，均不合題意?！?】 rather than 而不是。接動詞時常用動詞原形。These are political problems rather than social problems.這些是政治問題而不是社會問題。The parents should be blamed rather than the children.應該受到責備的是父母

23、而不是孩子 other than, or rather, would rather(1)other than 除了How can you say that religion is anything other than a way of controlling people?你怎么能說宗教只是一種控制人的手段呢？(2)or rather 更確切地說He had to run or rather rush to the office.他得跑，更確切地說，是沖進了辦公室。(3)would rather 寧愿On such a cold day, Id rather stay at home.天這么

24、冷，我寧愿待在家里。This new product, _， this new style of shirt, is not attractive.A. would rather B. rather thanC. other than D. or ratherD后面的this new style of shirt是對前面的this new product進行更進一步的說明，所以選擇“更確切地說”。【4】 be absorbed in (doing)沉浸于/專注于做中My parents are absorbed in making preparations for my journey to

25、the west.我父母正忙于為我去西部做準備。absorb v. 吸收，使全神貫注The clever boy absorbed all the knowledge his teacher could give him.這個聰明的男孩吸收了老師能教給他的所有知識。表示“沉浸于”、“全神貫注于”、“沉迷于”等意思的短語還有：be concentrated on, be focused on, be engaged in, be addicted to等。_ in surfing the Internet to get information about the event, Mr. Smith

26、 didnt even know somebody was stealing something in his room.A. Absorbing B. To be absorbedC. Absorbed D. Being absorbedI found him sitting in his chair, completely _ a magazine. (2010山東兗州檢測)A. absorbing B. being absorbed inC. absorbed in D. absorbing inC過去分詞用作形容詞在句中充當狀語。完整表達為Because he was absorbed

27、 inCsb. be absorbed in (doing) sth.為固定短語。absorbed為形容詞，作狀語?！?】 in the world/on earth 用來表示“究竟”、“到底”，以加強語氣。Where in the world have you been all these days?這些天你到底去了哪里？If you dont like the beauty of this place, what _ do you think is a place worth seeing?A. in the world B. the whole worldC. on the earth

28、D. in earthA表示“究竟”、“到底”。其中C、D兩項搭配是不存在的。B項表示“全世界的人”。 【1】 It is (un)likely that很(不)可能。句中的it為形式主語，that引導的是主語從句。這一句型也可改為Sb./Sth. is (un)likely to do。這兩個句型中的(un)likely為形容詞。It is likely that the fine weather will last for another few days. Such fine weather is likely to last for another few days.這種好天氣很可能還

29、會持續(xù)幾天。這種用it充當形式主語后接從句，而某人/某物充當主語后接不定式的句型還有：It is said/ believed/ thought/ supposed/ showed/ hoped, etc. that Sb./ Sth. is said/ believed/ thought/ supposed/ showed/ hoped, etc. toIt appears/happens/seems that Sb./Sth. appears/happens/seems to同時要注意不定式有自己的時態(tài)與語態(tài)的變化。_ is universally acknowledged that Ch

30、ina is the third country that can send astronauts into space in the world.A. As B. WhatC. It D. WhichC句型It is pp. that【2】 if so if it is so 英語中有些連詞可直接接一個形容詞充當狀語，這時一般是省略了it is。Have you prepared everything? If so, lets start out.都準備好了嗎？如果是這樣，那就出發(fā)吧。When necessary, I will give you some suggestions.必要時我會

31、給你提些建議的。當狀語從句的主語與主句的主語一致時，我們常?？梢允÷詮木涞闹髡Z和謂語的一部分，從而構成“連詞分詞”充當狀語的形式。While waiting for the bus, he listened to some music.等車的時候，他聽了一些音樂。_ what to do next, the boy just kept silent.A. When was asked B. When askingC. When asked D. When to be asked C連詞p.p.充當狀語，ask與邏輯主語the boy之間為被動關系，直接用過去分詞。 【3】 boys share

32、 activities, while girls share feelings.男孩子共享活動，而女孩子分享情感。while conj. 然而，表示意義的對比。Once people thought that heavy objects fell faster while light objects fell slower.以前人們認為重的物體下落得快而輕的下落得慢。while還可以引導時間狀語從句，表示“當時”，從句的謂語一般為狀態(tài)動詞；引導讓步狀語從句，表示“盡管”、“雖然”。另外，在短語after a while, in a while, for a while中，while是名詞，表示

33、“一會兒”。The opening ceremony was over _ we arrived at the spot.A. while B. as C. when D. sinceIt is commonly believed that boys are good at maths _ girls enjoy literature.A. when B. while C. as D. however_ my father doesnt like watching football games, he accompanied me to the gym last weekend.A. When B. Since C. While D. AsC這是時間狀語從句，但因為從句用的是動作動詞，when從句的動詞既可為動作動詞，也可為狀態(tài)動詞。B表示意義的對比。C引導讓步狀語從句。