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1、人教版精品英語(yǔ)資料（精校版） B卷　能力素養(yǎng)提升 【說明】　本試卷滿分120分，考試時(shí)間100分鐘 Ⅰ.閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分) A “Have a nice day！” may be a pleasant gesture or a meaningless expression. When my friend Maxie says “Have a nice day” with a smile, I know she sincerely cares about what happens to me. I feel loved and secure since a

2、nother person cares about me and wishes me well. “Have_a_nice_day. Next！” This version of the expression is spoken by a salesgirl at the supermarket who is rushing me and my groceries out the door. The words come out in the same tone (腔調(diào)) with a fixed procedure. They are spoken at me, not to me. Ob

3、viously, the concern for my day and everyone else’s is the management’s attempt to increase business. The expression is one of those behaviors that help people get along with each other. Sometimes it indicates the end of a meeting. As soon as you hear it, you know the meeting is at an end. Sometime

4、s the expression saves us when we don’t know what to say. “Oh, you just had a tooth out? I’m terribly sorry, but have a nice day.” The expression can be pleasant. If a stranger says “Have a nice day” to you, you may find it heart-warming because someone you don’t know has tried to be nice to you.

5、Although the use of the expression is an insincere, meaningless social custom at times, there is nothing wrong with the sentence except that it is a little uninteresting. The salesgirl, the waitress, the teacher, and all the countless others who speak it without thinking may not really care about my

6、 day. But in a strange and comfortable way, it’s nice to know they care enough to pretend they care when they really don’t care all that much. While the expression may not often be sincere, it is always spoken. The point is that people say it all the time when they like. 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文主要探討了人們見面時(shí)的常用語(yǔ)“Hav

7、e a nice day”的社會(huì)意義。通過簡(jiǎn)單的一句“Have a nice day”，人們可以為彼此帶來歡樂，這也已經(jīng)成為一種社會(huì)習(xí)慣。 1．How does the author understand Maxie’s words? A．Maxie shows her anxiety to the author. B．Maxie really wishes the author a good day. C．Maxie encourages the author to stay happy. D．Maxie really worries about the author’s secu

8、rity. 解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段的第二句可知Maxie在祝愿作者一天開心。 2．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean? A．The salesgirl is rude. B．The salesgirl is bored. C．The salesgirl cares about me. D．The salesgirl says the words as a routine. 解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中“The words come out in the same tone (腔調(diào)) wit

9、h a fixed procedure.”一句可知女銷售員說“Have a nice day”是一種形式。 3．By saying “Have a nice day”， a stranger may ________. A．try to be polite to you B．express respect to you C．give his blessing to you D．share his pleasure with you 解析：選A　推理判斷題。由第四段中“someone you don’t know has tried to be nice to you”可知陌生人是在

10、盡量禮貌地對(duì)待你。 4．What is the best title of the passage? A．Have a Nice Day — a Social Custom B．Have a Nice Day — a Pleasant Gesture C．Have a Nice Day — a Heart-warming Greeting D．Have a Nice Day — a Polite Ending of a Conversation 解析：選A　標(biāo)題歸納題。通覽全文及結(jié)合文章最后一段的第一句中“Although the use of the expression is

11、an insincere, meaningless social custom at times”，可知簡(jiǎn)單的一句“Have a nice day”已經(jīng)成為一種交際習(xí)慣。 B “Friendly doctors are bad for their patients’ health，” researchers have warned as a new study revealed two thirds of young doctors struggle to be truthful with patients they like. Blurring (使……變得模糊不清) the line

12、s between social and professional relationships can affect the level of care offered and prevent patients from being honest about important side effects. “Doctors should avoid adding patients as friends on , and they should not hug or allow patients to call them by their first names，” regulators ha

13、ve warned. “Those who break the boundaries will face some punishment.” It comes as a survey of 338 oncologists (腫瘤學(xué)家) under the age of 40, finding 59 per cent said they found it difficult to tell the truth to those patients they like. Sixty per cent of respondents said if doctors felt too close to

14、their patients, it could prevent them from making objective decisions about a person’s care. Lesley Fallowfield of Brighton and Sussex Medical School said：“Oncology is a profession that can be enormously rewarding but is filled with many challenges. Young oncologists have to master the means of dea

15、ling with anxious patients who are facing a life-threatening disease, conveying the true prognosis (預(yù)斷), discussing the complexity of modern treatments, and explaining the unavailability of some drugs, the side effects of treatments, and likely treatment aims.” But she also said, “Those doctors who

16、 have entered the profession in the age of ’the Internet world’ are more likely to fall victim to blurring the professional boundaries with patients.” She said，“The difficulty, if you hug and kiss patients, if you allow them to call you by your first name, is that quickly the relationship can becom

17、e confusing as a social one rather than a professional one. Doctors become confused, ’I really like these people, how can I bear to tell them that they’re going to die？’ They find it more difficult to be objective.” 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。最新研究表明，醫(yī)生的態(tài)度友善反而對(duì)患者的治療不利，因此醫(yī)生和患者之間需要保持適當(dāng)?shù)木嚯x。 5．Why are friendly doc

18、tors bad for their patients’ health? A．Because they don’t like to cheat patients. B．Because they are not good at treating patients. C．Because they find it not easy to be objective to the patients. D．Because they seldom blur the relationship with patients. 解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“two thirds of you

19、ng doctors struggle to be truthful with patients they like”及最后一段中的“They find it more difficult to be objective.”可知，三分之二的年輕醫(yī)生很難對(duì)他們喜歡的病人講實(shí)話，他們很難客觀地對(duì)待病人，這樣對(duì)患者的治療不利，故選C項(xiàng)。 6．What should doctors do according to the regulators? A．Add patients as friends on . B．Have a close connection with patients in li

20、fe. C．Always be cold to patients. D．Keep patients at a proper distance. 解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章的第三段可知，醫(yī)生應(yīng)該避免在臉譜網(wǎng)上添加患者為朋友，他們也不應(yīng)該擁抱病人或讓病人直呼他們的名字，即醫(yī)生應(yīng)該和病人保持適當(dāng)?shù)木嚯x，故選D項(xiàng)。 7．Young oncologists will face the following challenges EXCEPT ________. A．dealing with a lot of life-threatening diseases B．discussing d

21、ifficulties of treatments with patients C．explaining the unavailability of some medicines D．informing patients of the possible results of the treatments 解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“Young oncologists have to master ... and likely treatment aims.”可知，B、C、D三項(xiàng)表述正確；年輕的腫瘤學(xué)家需要掌握如何對(duì)待面臨生命威脅的焦慮病人，A項(xiàng)“處理很多威脅生命的疾病”表

22、述錯(cuò)誤。故選A項(xiàng)。 8．Which opinion will Lesley Fallowfield agree with? A．Oncology is a rewarding profession without challenges. B．The Internet makes it easier for young doctors to break the boundaries. C．It’s not the doctors’ duty to deal with patients’ anxiety. D．Becoming friends with patients will hel

23、p them recover soon. 解析：選B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Those doctors who have entered ... boundaries with patients.”可推知，網(wǎng)絡(luò)使得醫(yī)生更容易模糊與病人之間的職業(yè)分界線，故選B項(xiàng)。 C Tina Rees, 50 English teacher (Canadian) I wanted to be a doctor and help people. I was always playing doctor with dolls, wrapping their arms and legs in ti

24、ssues! My mom was a nurse, and my two sisters are now nurses, but I went into finance. The educational requirements to be a doctor are too much for me now, but I feel I’m helping people and contributing to society as a teacher. John Podeszwa, 45 English school owner (American) I’ve always loved a

25、nimals, and as a little boy I first wanted to be a frog, then a chimp. When told I had to be something human, I chose zookeeper. I worked at a zoo in high school, but I wouldn’t want to do that job now, although I am fulfilling my dream of helping rescued animals, since I own a honey bear, an albin

26、o snake (患白化病的蛇), a dog and some cats! Miwa Gilligan, 48 Part-time worker (Japanese) As a little girl I wanted to be many things, and when my grandmother suggested that as an actress I could play various roles, that stuck with me. The Takarazuka Revue (寶冢歌劇團(tuán)) was popular during my childhood, so t

27、hat also inspired me. Of course I would still like to become an actress. Hiromitsu Tokunaga, 55 Sewage worker (Japanese) My dream job both as a child and now is to be an astronaut. I grew up during the “Space Race” era and remember well the first moon landing, the famous sci-fi movie 2001, and al

28、l the rest. I still have a strong dream of going into space, and in my lifetime hope to see regular affordable space tours for people like me! 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇告白類的記敘文。四個(gè)人分別講述了自己兒時(shí)的夢(mèng)想職業(yè)、工作的現(xiàn)狀以及對(duì)未來的憧憬。 9．We know from the text that ________. A．Tina Rees is satisfied with her present job B．Tina Rees once

29、received medical education C．Tina’s two sisters do the same job as their mother does D．their mother’s preference to Tina’s sisters disappointed Tina 解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Tina Rees部分中的“I feel I’m helping people and contributing to society as a teacher”可知，她對(duì)于自己目前老師的工作很滿意。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中C項(xiàng)最具有干擾性，但根據(jù)“My mom was a nur

30、se, and my two sisters are now nurses”可知，Tina Rees的母親曾經(jīng)是名護(hù)士，而她的兩個(gè)姐妹現(xiàn)在是護(hù)士，故排除C項(xiàng)。故A項(xiàng)正確。 10．Who would still like to do their childhood dream jobs if they could? A．Miwa Gilligan and Tina Rees. B．Tina Rees and John Podeszwa. C．John Podeszwa and Hiromitsu Tokunaga. D．Hiromitsu Tokunaga and Miwa Gilli

31、gan. 解析：選D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)Miwa Gilligan部分可知，孩提時(shí)夢(mèng)想當(dāng)演員，她現(xiàn)在依然樂意當(dāng)演員；根據(jù)Hiromitsu Tokunaga部分可知，從兒時(shí)到現(xiàn)在，他依然樂意做宇航員。故D項(xiàng)正確。 11．What can we infer from the text? A．People like Hiromitsu Tokunaga can go on regular affordable space tours. B．In John Podeszwa’s school, students are encouraged to help rescued animals.

32、C．At least two of the people were influenced by others in their dream job choice. D．The requirements didn’t stop Tina Rees from realizing her doctor dream. 解析：選C　推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，在選擇夢(mèng)想的職業(yè)時(shí)，Tina Rees受母親和兩個(gè)姐妹的影響，Miwa Gilligan受祖母的影響，Hiromitsu Tokunaga受生活的時(shí)代、人類首次登上月球等的影響。故C項(xiàng)正確。 12．Which would be the best

33、 title for the text? A．Children from Different Countries Share Dreams B．What Was Your Dream Job as a Child? C．How Was Your Dream Realized? D．Children Have Different Dream Jobs 解析：選B　標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，整篇文章介紹了四個(gè)人回憶兒時(shí)的夢(mèng)想職業(yè)分別是什么、目前的職業(yè)以及對(duì)未來的憧憬。 D A former RAF (Royal Air Force) Spitfire pilot Peter Proc

34、tor, who fought in the World War Two, parachuted (跳傘) for the first time — at the grand old age of 92. Mr. Proctor jumped out of a plane for the first time at Sibson Airfield, Peterborough, more than 70 years after he joined the RAF. Mr. Proctor, who has two artificial hips (臀部) and a false knee, j

35、umped more than 13,000 feet to successfully complete his first ever freefall jump.He said, “I’ve spent a lot of my life up in the air but this was a completely different experience. It was a nightmare trying to open up the hatches (艙口) and jump out of the plane back then, but I am so glad I have ma

36、naged to complete the jump and I would love to do it again in the near future.” Mr. Proctor joined the RAF in 1942 and he was stationed in Durban, South Africa, to do his training before being sent to Zimbabwe where he earned his wings. He went on to become a fighter pilot in Egypt, India and went

37、on a jungle self-preservation course before being sent to Burma in 1945. He ended his career in the armed forces in 1946 to return to his job as a store keeper in a shoe factory and went on to become a lorry driver for 33 years. His wife, Olive, passed away eight years ago, but Mr. Proctor has been

38、 determined to continue traveling around the world. He said, “Olive died eight years ago and it was absolutely upsetting. But I’ve had great support from my family and friends who always encourage me to enjoy life.” Mr. Proctor did the jump with the RAF Falcons and raised D|S3,000 for the Royal Ai

39、r Force Association which provides support for servicemen and their families. 語(yǔ)篇解讀：Peter Proctor曾經(jīng)是一個(gè)戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)飛行員，而如今，92歲高齡的他第一次從13 000多英尺的高度騰空而下，完成了生命中第一次跳傘。 13．How long did Mr. Proctor serve in RAF? A．About 3 years.　　　 　B．About 4 years. C．About 8 years. D．About 33 years. 解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段“Mr. Proc

40、tor joined the RAF in 1942”和“He ended his career in the armed forces in 1946”可知Mr. Proctor在RAF待了大約4年的時(shí)間。 14．What’s the purpose of Mr. Proctor’s jump? A．To break the record of a parachute jump. B．To encourage young people to enjoy life. C．To raise money for servicemen and their families. D．To ch

41、allenge himself and realize his value of life. 解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段的“...and raised D|S3,000 for the Royal Air Force Association which provides support for serviceman and their families.”可知答案。 15．What can be the best title for the text? A．A former pilot’s first parachute jump B．A newly-set Guinness

42、record C．The oldest parachute jumper D．A pilot’s colorful whole life 解析：選A　標(biāo)題歸納題。由文章第一段可知，本篇文章主要講的是曾經(jīng)任職飛行員，現(xiàn)今92歲的老人的第一次高空跳傘。 Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分) Different Cultures The cultures of the East and the West really distinguish each other a lot. __16__ The origin of the eastern cultures is m

43、ainly from two countries: China and India. Both of the two cultures are developed by rivers — the Yellow River in China and the Hindu River in India. __17__ When the two mother rivers gave birth to the Eastern culture, another famous culture was brought up on the Mesopotamian Plain — the Mesopotami

44、an Civilization. This civilization later on developed into the cultures of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. __18__ Like the Chinese culture, the European culture also crossed waters. When the British settled down in America, their culture went with them over the Atlantic Ocean. So the American c

45、ulture doesn’t distinguish from the European culture a lot. __19__ Take the language system for example. In the East, most languages belong to the pictographic language while the Western languages are mostly based on the Latin system. Other causes like human race difference counts as well. But

46、 what’s more, due to the far distance and the steep areas between the East and West, the two cultures seldom communicate until recent centuries. So they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no interference (干擾) from the other. The differences are everywhere. __20__ But different cultures

47、 make the world of 21st century more colorful. The cultural gap should not be the obstacle (障礙) to the civilization of human being. It ought to be the motivation of our going farther. A．Let us work together to keep a variety of culture. B．One important thing is to learn about other cultures. C

48、．And these two are well known as the base of the European culture. D．At the same time, some other differences add to the cultural differences. E．This is because the culture systems are two separate systems on the whole. F．They helped the two cultures develop for centuries and form their own style

49、s. G．They are obvious and affect people’s ways of thinking and their views of the world. 答案：16～20　EFCDG Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分) Do you know that body language accounts for over 90% of a conversation? That’s why communicating face to face is always better than a telephone conversation — __21_

50、_ if you are trying to sell something! Your body language will give others a general __22__ of you and it will also show your emotions. It’s very difficult to make your body __23__. It’s easy to tell the difference between a __24__ smile of pleasure and a false smile. So if you understand body lang

51、uage codes (密碼), it is usually possible to know what someone really __25__， whatever they may be saying with __26__. Although much of our body language is universal, a lot is also __27__. Culture codes vary from one country to another and they can __28__ misunderstandings. Even simple gestures may

52、have a completely different meaning in other parts of the world. For example, the circle __29__ made with three raised fingers means “OK” in the United States. But it is not universal. In Brazil, Greece and Germany it is a __30__ gesture showing disrespect and in Japan it means “money”！ In many Asi

53、an cultures, it is not appropriate for men and women to touch in public. Therefore, displays of affection such as __31__ hands or kissing are not __32__. In some parts of Asia, __33__， it is common for people of the same sex to hold hands as a sign of __34__. Greetings vary according to the country

54、 and the sex of the people involved. In the west, it is appropriate to shake hands when you __35__ someone for the first time and both men and women can __36__ a handshake. In Indonesia, for example, a man will not offer a handshake to an Indonesian woman __37__ they are in a business situation. If

55、 you want to avoid making __38__ mistakes when you travel to other countries, you should __39__ their basic cultures before you leave. If you do this, you are less likely to __40__ people. 21．A.namely　　　　　　 　B．particularly C．importantly D．practically 解析：選B　particularly“尤其，特別”。由語(yǔ)境可知，肢體語(yǔ)言在交流中非常

56、重要，因此面對(duì)面交流往往比通過電話交流要好，尤其是當(dāng)你要設(shè)法推銷東西時(shí)。故B項(xiàng)正確。 22．A.imagination B．description C．expression D．impression 解析：選D　根據(jù)下文“it will also show your emotions”可知，肢體語(yǔ)言不僅可以給他人留下總體印象(impression)，還可以傳達(dá)你的情感。故D項(xiàng)正確。 23．A.lie B．talk C．a(chǎn)ct D．conduct 解析：選A　由下文“a false smile”以及“it is usually possible to know wha

57、t someone really ...”可推知，讓肢體撒謊(lie)是件很困難的事情。故A項(xiàng)正確。 24．A.polite B．shy C．sincere D．ready 解析：選C　sincere“真誠(chéng)的”。根據(jù)句中“between ... and a false smile”可知，空格處應(yīng)為與“false”詞義相反的單詞。故C項(xiàng)正確。 25．A.cares B．means C．shows D．considers 解析：選B　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，如果掌握了肢體語(yǔ)言的密碼，那么就很有可能知道一個(gè)人的真實(shí)用意。故B項(xiàng)正確。 26．A.words B．examples

58、 C．feelings D．movements 解析：選A　聯(lián)系上下文可知，無(wú)論他們用言語(yǔ)說什么，你都可以通過肢體語(yǔ)言來了解其真實(shí)用意。故A項(xiàng)正確。 27．A.exact B．foreign C．cultural D．similar 解析：選C　根據(jù)下文“Culture codes vary from one country to another”可知，盡管大多數(shù)肢體語(yǔ)言都是通用的，但由于國(guó)家之間存在著文化(cultural)差異，因此還有許多肢體語(yǔ)言具有文化特色。故C項(xiàng)正確。 28．A.clear up B．cut down C．refer to D．lea

59、d to 解析：選D　clear up“清理”；cut down“削減，砍倒”；refer to“參考，涉及”；lead to“導(dǎo)致”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，文化差異的存在往往會(huì)導(dǎo)致誤解的產(chǎn)生。故D項(xiàng)正確。 29．A.sign B．mark C．shape D．figure 解析：選A　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，在美國(guó)，三根伸出的手指構(gòu)成的圓圈手勢(shì)表示贊同?！皊ign”與“gesture”詞義相近。故A項(xiàng)正確。 30．A.helpless B．rude C．dangerous D．casual 解析：選B　根據(jù)句中的“showing disrespect”可知，在巴西、希臘和德國(guó)該手

60、勢(shì)表示粗魯(rude)。故B項(xiàng)正確。 31．A.shaking B．touching C．raising D．holding 解析：選D　shake“握手”；touch“接觸”；raise“提升”；hold“持有”。句意：異性之間通過手拉手或親吻來表達(dá)愛意是不被接受的。下文的“hold hands”是提示，故D項(xiàng)正確。 32．A.comfortable B．suitable C．a(chǎn)cceptable D．reasonable 解析：選C　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，男女之間在公眾場(chǎng)合表達(dá)愛意，如手拉手或親吻是不被接受的(acceptable)。故C項(xiàng)正確。 33．A.there

61、fore B．otherwise C．however D．besides 解析：選C　聯(lián)系上文可知，在許多亞洲文化中，異性之間在公眾場(chǎng)合手拉手或親吻是不被接受的，然而在亞洲的一些地方，同性之間的這些舉動(dòng)卻是很普遍的。兩句間構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故C項(xiàng)正確。 34．A.friendship B．love C．a(chǎn)dmiration D．concern 解析：選A　根據(jù)上文“displays of affection”可知，在一些亞洲國(guó)家，同性之間用來表達(dá)友情的手拉手是很普遍的。故A項(xiàng)正確。 35．A.know B．introduce C．a(chǎn)pproach D．meet

62、 解析：選D　根據(jù)生活常識(shí)可知，人們?cè)诔醮我娒?meet)時(shí)往往會(huì)握手。故D項(xiàng)正確。 36．A.suggest B．start C．demand D．follow 解析：選B　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，由于初次見面時(shí)握手是恰當(dāng)?shù)?，因此男女見面都可以主?dòng)握手。start a handshake“主動(dòng)伸手”，符合語(yǔ)境。 37．A.unless B．until C．if D．while 解析：選A　由語(yǔ)境可知，在印度尼西亞，除非在生意場(chǎng)合，否則男性不能主動(dòng)和女性握手。unless“除非”，符合語(yǔ)境。故A項(xiàng)正確。 38．A.surprising B．disappointing

63、 C．embarrassing D．laughing 解析：選C　聯(lián)系上文中提及的一些肢體語(yǔ)言在不同文化中的不同含義可知，當(dāng)你去國(guó)外旅游時(shí)，為了避免出現(xiàn)一些令人尷尬的(embarrassing)錯(cuò)誤，應(yīng)該在出發(fā)前了解一些當(dāng)?shù)氐幕疚幕ＷR(shí)。故C項(xiàng)正確。 39．A.experience B．develop C．respect D．understand 解析：選D　句意同上。experience“經(jīng)歷”；develop“形成，發(fā)展”；respect“尊重”；understand“明白，獲悉，理解”。故D項(xiàng)正確。 40．A.worry B．hurt C．a(chǎn)ffect

64、D．disturb 解析：選B　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，如能事先了解不同國(guó)家的文化習(xí)俗，就能減小傷害(hurt)他人的可能性。故B項(xiàng)正確。 Ⅳ.語(yǔ)法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分) Many people travel during the holiday season but do not make sure that their houses and homes __41__ (protect). Crime goes up __42__ (rapid) during the winter and summer holiday seasons. Here are some thi

65、ngs that you should keep in mind when you go on a holiday. Always give __43__ (strange) the feeling that you are at home. Have the snow __44__ (clean) off your stairs or out of your driveway during the winter season. You might ask someone to park __45__ car in your driveway. Tell your newspaper de

66、liverer that you are not at home. __46__ (have) a pile of newspapers and other mail on your doorsteps tells people that you are not at home, so you could also have a neighbor __47__ a relative get your mail every day. Fix a timer in some of your rooms __48__ turns lights on and __49__ during different time of the day. Some TVs also come with a timer that you could set to be turned on during certain time. Have motion (運(yùn)動(dòng)) sensitive lights outside your house that __50__ (keep) t