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1、人教版英語精品資料（精修版） GRAMMAR 情態(tài)動詞（二） 【語境展示一】 觀察下面圖畫，并試著歸納ought to與should的用法。 【自我歸納一】 ought to 與should的意思大致相同，都表示 “義務、要求或勸告”，只是ought to比should的語氣稍重一些。 【拓展一】 ought to的否定結構是oughtn’t to或ought not to。如： You oughtn’t / ought not to leave in such a hurry. 【語境展示二】 觀察下面圖畫，并試著歸納must與have to的用法。 【自

2、我歸納二】 must 與have to 都表示“必須”，但must表示的是說話人的主觀看法，而have to 表示的是客觀需要，有“不得不”的含義。 【拓展二】 must的否定形式must not / mustn’t 表示“不應該，不可以，不準，禁止”在回答must的問句時，否定式常用need not / needn’t或don’t have to 表示“不必”。如： You must not drive without a license. It’s against the law. —Must I eat here? —No, you needn’t. / No, yo

3、u don’t have to. 【語境展示三】 觀察下面圖畫，并試著歸納“情態(tài)動詞+have done”結構的用法。 【自我歸納三】 should have done 表示“本應該做而實際上沒做”，其否定形式shouldn’t have done表示“________”；needn’t have done表示“過去不必做而實際上已經(jīng)做了”；must have done 表示“過去一定做了”。 【拓展三】 1. could have done表示“過去本來能夠做某事而實際上沒有做”。如： He could have escaped, but he chose to

4、 stand and fight. 2. may / might have done表示對已經(jīng)發(fā)生過的情況的肯定推測，語氣稍弱。might have done還可表示“本可能做某事而實際上沒有做”。如： Jane didn’t come on time. She may / might have missed the bus. He might have given you more help, but he was very busy then. 【即學即練】 I. 選用方框內所給的情態(tài)動詞填空。 must; oughtn’t to; don’t have to; couldn

5、’t; mustn’t; needn’t; can’t; have to 1. You ________ go on working because you look so tired now. 2. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I ________ have taken the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. 3. Li Hua ________ pass an examination before he can start work. 4. You ________ com

6、e to the meeting if you’re too busy. 5. You ________ play now! You shall finish your homework first! 6. I know things are hard with you, but you ________ try to get over the difficulties. 7. I didn’t see her at the meeting this morning; she ________ have spoken at the meeting. 8. You ________ i

7、magine what difficulty we had walking home in the snowstorm. II. 根據(jù)漢語提示，將下列句子補充完整。 1. We ________ ________ ________ (本應該到達) at lunchtime but our flight was late. 2. Mark ________ ________ ________ (本不需要著急). After running all the way, he arrived ten minutes early. 3. The teacher did not regret sa

8、ying what he did but felt that he ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (本可以用不同的方式表達). III. 從括號內選擇合適的內容完成下面對話。 A husband (H) and wife (W) are driving to a party and are lost. W: We’re lost. And we don’t even have a map. You 1. ________ (should take / should have taken) a map. H: I didn’

9、t think we were going to need one. I 2. ________ (must have made / should have made) a wrong turn. W: Do we need to stop and ask for directions? H: No, we 3. ________ (mustn’t / don’t have to). We 4. ________ (can / must) use the cell phone and call the Allens and ask them how to get to their hou

10、se. W: OK. H: Let’s see. I thought I had the cell phone in my pocket. I 5. ________ (can’t / ought to) find it. I 6. ________ (must leave / must have left) it at home. W: No, You didn’t leave it at home. I’ve got it here in my purse. Oh, no. It is out of power. We 7. ________ (have to / may) loo

11、k for a pay phone. Do you have any change? H: I just have dollar bills. W: You 8. ________ (should have taken / must have taken) some change with you. H: Oh, it’s my fault. W: Watch out! You 9. ________ (might have hit / must have hit) that car. H: I wasn’t going to hit that car. I didn’t co

12、me anywhere close to it. W: Anyway we 10. ________ (ought to / can) be careful. 參考答案 【自我歸納三】本不應該做而實際上做了 【即學即練】 I. 1. oughtn’t to ? 2. needn’t?? ? 3. has to? 4. needn’t / don’t have to 5. mustn’t / oughtn’t to??? ? 6. must???? ? 7. couldn’t / can’t??? ? 8. can’t II. 1. should have arrived? 2. needn’t have hurried? 3. could have expressed it differently III. 1. should have taken 2. must have made 3. don’t have to 4. can 5. can’t 6. must have left 7. have to 8. should have taken 9. might have hit 10. ought to