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閱讀理解+完形填空+語(yǔ)法填空+短文改錯(cuò) Ⅰ.閱讀理解 Runnersneedtomove15percentfasteronatreadmill(跑步機(jī)) toburnthesamenumberofcaloriesasjoggingoutdoors，researchreveals. ResearchersfromMilanUniversityanalyzedthedifferencebetweenrunningoutdoorsandonatreadmillin15physicallyfitmaleswithanaverageageof21.Theparticipantscompletedasprint(短距離快速跑) for30secondsfollowedby30secondsofrecoveryforatotalof15minutesbothoutdoorsandonatreadmill.Oxygenuseandexerciseintensity(強(qiáng)度) weremeasuredafterbothtypesofrunning. ThefindingswerepublishedinthejournalofAppliedPhysiology，NutritionandMetabolism.Resultsrevealedthatwhenonatreadmill，runnersusesignificantlyloweramountsofoxygen，suggestinglesseffortisrequired.Therefore，runnersmustmove15percentfasteronatreadmilltoburnthesameamountofcaloriesasexercisingoutdoors，thestudystated.Thestudyauthorswrote，“A15percentincreaseinrunningspeedduringaperiodofstoppingandstartingofteninhighintensitytreadmilltrainingsessionisthebestpossiblesolutiontoreachingthesamephysiologicalresponsesasanoutdoortrainingsession.” Althoughthestudydidnotspeculate(推測(cè)) whytreadmillrunningappearstobeneedinglesseffortandenergy，previousresearchsuggeststhemovingbeltofatreadmillmovesjoggersforward，causingthemtomovefaster.Exercisingindoorsalsomeansgymgoersdonothavetodealwithsteephillsorwindresistance. MichaelSilverman，directorofrehabilitationandwellness(康復(fù)科) atNorthernWestchesterHospital，said，“Outdoors，youarechangingsurfacesconstantly，fightingthewind，andmakingquickandsuddenstartsandstops，whichallleadtoincreasedcaloricburn，”Shapemagazinereported.“Andwhilewedon’trecommendrunninginextremetemperatures，itisworthnotingthatyourbodyburnsextracaloriestoregulateyourbodytemperature，”hesays. 1．Wherecanyoufindthespecificfindingsofthestudy? A．InParagraph2. B．InParagraph3. C．InParagraph4. D．InParagraph5. 2．Whatcanweknowaboutthestudy? A．Itsparticipantswereall21yearsold. B．Ittookoxygenuseandexerciseintensityintoconsideration. C．Itrevealedwhytreadmillrunningconsumeslesscalories. D．Michaelisoneoftheresearchers. 3．Whydoesrunningonatreadmillseemeasieraccordingtothestudy? A．Therunnersneedlessenergy. B．Therunnerscanusuallygetenoughoxygen. C．Theintensityofrunningonthetreadmillismorestable. D．Themovingbeltpushesjoggersforward. Ⅱ.完形填空 (2018山東濱州二模) IamsothankfulthatIhadtheopportunitytospreadalittleloveandkindnesstoday.Ihaddoctor’s4inatownthat’sabout45minutesfromwhereIlived.Afterbothmyappointmentswere5，Istartedwalkingawayfromthebuildingand6anelderlywomanstandingatthegateanxiously.I7myselfandaskedifshewaswaitingforsomeoneorsheneeded8. Asitturnedout，shewashaving9walkingthedistanceandhadaskedforawheelchairandastaffmemberto10herupbutnoonehadcomeyet.Virginiaheatwaskindtonoone，andIwas11forthisdearlady’shealth. Iaskedherto12whileIwenttogetherwheelchairmyself.Irantothehelpdeskandaskedfora13toassisttheladyoutside.Thereceptionistaskedme，“Isthelady14？”Iwasupsetatthequestionandanswered，“She’sabitlarge，Isuppose，butiftransportingherisa(n) 15foryou，Iamwillingtodoitmyself.” Shelookedsortofshockedbymy16，butthewomanoutsideneededhelp，nomatterher17.ThehelpdeskwomanandIwalkedtotheendofthepassage(走廊) tothenowseatedlady.Helpdeskperson18herhandtohelpthelady，butshesaid“No，I’mfine.Iwanttograbontoher19help.”Shewastalkingaboutme.Ihelpedthewomanintothewheelchairbutfirstlockedthebrakessothatshewouldbe20.Aftershewasseated，shesoftly21meformyhelp. WhenIreturnedhome，whathappenedtometodaykeptgoingthroughmymindandremindedmehowmuchI22theopportunitytohelpthelady.Itgavemeasenseoffulfillmentanda23heart. 4．A.calls B．orders C．examinations D．a(chǎn)ppointments 5．A.made B．done C．a(chǎn)rranged D．booked 6．A.recognized B．knocked C．noticed D．greeted 7．A.excused B．helped C．expressed D．a(chǎn)djusted 8．A.advice B．reference C．treatment D．a(chǎn)ssistance 9．A.pressure B．trouble C．danger D．fear 10．A.pick B．get C．make D．keep 11．A.ready B．responsible C．thankful D．concerned 12．A.help B．move C．wait D．stand 13．A.wheelchair B．car C．friend D．stranger 14．A.heavy B．sick C．old D．weak 15．A.business B．mistake C．issue D．choice 16．A.wisdom B．comment C．persuasion D．calmness 17．A.shape B．a(chǎn)ge C．character D．size 18．A.gaveup B．reachedout C．gaveout D．stuckto 19．A.with B．by C．for D．a(chǎn)bout 20．A.stronger B．steadier C．slower D．faster 21．A.called B．begged C．a(chǎn)sked D．thanked 22．A.appreciated B．needed C．expected D．found 23．A.enjoyable B．familiar C．peaceful D．needy Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空 (湖南三湘名校教育聯(lián)盟高三模擬) HutongisakindofancienttypicalcitystreetinBeijing.24.(surround) theForbiddenCity，manywerebuiltduringtheYuan，MingandQing25.(dynasty)．Inordertoestablishthestrongestpowerforemperors，theroyalfamilyplannedthecityandarrangedtheresidentialareas(住宅區(qū))．TheForbiddenCity—26.centeroftheBeijingcity，wastheroyalpalace. AttheendoftheQingdynasty，after27.(close) Chinacameundertheinfluencefromabroad，manyoldhutongslosttheirformerneat28.(arrange)． AfterthefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChinain1949，theconditionsofhutong29.(improve)．Butinrecentyears，thehousesinmanyhutongshavebeenpulleddownandthenreplaced30.modernbuildings.Andthehutongstodayarefadingintotheshadeforbothtourists31.localpeople. However，intheurbandistrictofBeijing，hutongsstilloccupyonethirdofthetotalarea,32.(provide) housingforhalfpopulation，somanyhutongs33.(survive) theseyears.Inthisrespect，weseeBeijingasanancientyetmoderncity. Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò) (2018山東濟(jì)南二模) ThiswinterholidaymyclassmatesandIgototheSunshineWelfareHouseforvoluntarywork.Afterwewentthere，wetalkedabouthowwecoulddoforthekidsoverthephone.Thenextday，wearrivedattherewithgiftswehadprepared，andwereceivedawarmlywelcome.Thenwebegantoplaywiththem.Idrewpicturewiththeolderkids，andmyclassmatestoldstoriestotheyoungones.Wespentthewholeafternoonwiththem，talkedandlaughing.Itwasgettinglate.Wewavedgoodbyetohimandfeltdelightedtoabletoaccompanythosechildren. 答案解析 Ⅰ. 語(yǔ)篇解讀　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了在跑步機(jī)上跑步比在戶外跑步更省力，因此其健身效果不如在戶外跑步好。 1．B　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干問(wèn)及你能在哪里找到這項(xiàng)研究的具體發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)第三段第一句可知，研究成果發(fā)表在加拿大的《應(yīng)用生理學(xué)、營(yíng)養(yǎng)與代謝》雜志上；而第三段后邊的內(nèi)容講述的正是這項(xiàng)研究的具體發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選B。] 2．B　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Oxygen use and exercise intensity(強(qiáng)度) were measured after both types of running.”可知，在這項(xiàng)研究中，氧氣使用量和運(yùn)動(dòng)強(qiáng)度都被考慮在內(nèi)。故選B。] 3．D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干中的“running on a treadmill seem easier”定位到倒數(shù)第二段的“the moving belt of a treadmill moves joggers forward，causing them to move faster”，由此可知，跑步機(jī)的傳送帶帶動(dòng)慢跑者向前移動(dòng)，從而使他們跑得更快、更省力。故選D。] Ⅱ. 語(yǔ)篇解讀　本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是作者在醫(yī)院幫助一位老人的故事。作者很感激有機(jī)會(huì)傳遞一點(diǎn)愛(ài)和善良。 4．D　[call電話；order命令；examination檢查；appointment約定。根據(jù)“I had doctor’s in a town that’s about 45 minutes from where I lived.”可知，我在一個(gè)離我住的地方大約45分鐘車程的小鎮(zhèn)上預(yù)約了醫(yī)生。故選D。] 5．B　[make制造；do做，完成；arrange安排；book預(yù)定。根據(jù)“After both my appointments were ，I started walking away from the building...”可知，在預(yù)約結(jié)束后，我開始從大樓里走出來(lái)……。故選B。] 6．C　[recognize認(rèn)識(shí)；knock敲，碰擊；notice注意到；greet問(wèn)候。我開始從大樓里走出來(lái)，注意到一位老婦人焦急地站在門口。故選C。] 7．A　[excuse原諒；help幫助；express表達(dá)；adjust調(diào)整。根據(jù)“I myself and asked if she was waiting for someone or she needed .”可知，我說(shuō)打擾了，問(wèn)她是否在等人……。故選A。] 8．D　[advice建議；reference參考；treatment治療，對(duì)待；assistance幫助。我問(wèn)她是否在等人，或者她需要幫助。故選D。] 9．B　[根據(jù)該空后的“...had asked for a wheelchair...”可知，她走這段路有困難，所以要求坐輪椅。故選B。] 10．A　[pick sb.up接載某人。根據(jù)該空前的a staff member可知，老婦人要坐輪椅，所以還需要一名工作人員來(lái)接她。] 11．D　[ready準(zhǔn)備好的；responsible負(fù)責(zé)任的；thankful感謝的；concerned牽掛的。根據(jù)“Virginia heat was kind to no one，and I was for this dear lady’s health.”可知，弗吉尼亞州的炎熱對(duì)任何人都不友好，我很擔(dān)心這位親愛(ài)的女士的健康。故選D。] 12．C　[help幫助；move移動(dòng)；wait等待；stand站立。根據(jù)“I asked her to while I went to get her wheelchair myself.”可知，我請(qǐng)她等著，我去給她要輪椅。故選C。] 13．A　[wheelchair輪椅；car小汽車；friend朋友；stranger陌生人。根據(jù)“I ran to the help desk and asked for a to assist the lady outside.”可知，我跑到服務(wù)臺(tái)，要了一個(gè)輪椅來(lái)幫助外面的女士。故選A。] 14．A　[heavy重的；sick生病的；old老的；weak虛弱的。根據(jù)常識(shí)以及作者的回答“She’s a bit large，I suppose，but if transporting her is a(n) for you，I am willing to do it myself.”可知，接待員問(wèn)的是“那位女士重嗎？”故選A。] 15．C　[business生意；mistake錯(cuò)誤；issue問(wèn)題；choice選擇。根據(jù)下文的“I am willing to do it myself.”可知，作者說(shuō)的是：如果運(yùn)送她對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)是個(gè)問(wèn)題的話，我愿意自己去做?？芍xC。] 16．B　[wisdom智慧；comment評(píng)論；persuasion勸說(shuō)；calmness冷靜。根據(jù)上文和常識(shí)可知，作者這樣說(shuō)，讓對(duì)方感到很吃驚。故選B。] 17．D　[shape形狀；age年齡；character性格；size大小。根據(jù)上文可知，對(duì)方詢問(wèn)女士的體重，作者說(shuō)她體形有點(diǎn)大?？芍颂幹杆捏w形大小。故選D。] 18．B　[give up放棄； reach out伸出；give out分發(fā)；stick to堅(jiān)持。根據(jù)“Help desk person her hand to help the lady，”可知，是伸手去幫助那位女士，故選B。] 19．C　[根據(jù)“but she said ‘No，I’m fine.I want to grab on to her help.’”可知，咨詢臺(tái)的人伸出手去幫助那位女士，但那位女士不想讓作者幫忙而是想抓住作者的手讓她幫忙。故選C。] 20．B　[stronger更強(qiáng)壯的； steadier更穩(wěn)定的；slower更慢的；faster更快的。根據(jù)“I helped the woman into the wheelchair but first locked the brakes so that she would be .”可知，我?guī)椭俏慌孔狭溯喴?，但首先鎖住了剎車，這樣她就能更穩(wěn)當(dāng)了。故選B。] 21．D　[call打電話；beg祈求；ask問(wèn)；thank感謝。根據(jù)“After she was seated，she softly me for my help.”可知，在她坐好后，她溫柔地感謝我的幫助。故選D。] 22．A　[appreciate欣賞，感激；need需要；expect期盼；find發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)下文的描述可知，此處表示作者感激有機(jī)會(huì)幫助這位女士。故選A。] 23．C　[enjoyable快樂(lè)的；familiar 熟悉的；peaceful和平的，平靜的；needy貧窮的。根據(jù)“It gave me a sense of fulfillment and a heart.”可知，它給了我一種成就感和一顆平靜的心。故選C。] Ⅲ. 24．Surrounding　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。many和surround之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。] 25．dynasties　[考查名詞的用法。根據(jù)句意可知，此處指元、明、清三個(gè)朝代，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式。] 26．the　[考查冠詞的用法。此處特指“北京市的中心”，故用定冠詞the。] 27．closed　[考查形容詞作定語(yǔ)。此處是說(shuō)封閉的中國(guó)受到外國(guó)的影響。修飾名詞China，所以要用其形容詞形式closed。] 28．a(chǎn)rrangement　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處缺少賓語(yǔ)，所以填其名詞形式arrangement。] 29．wereimproved　[考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)句中的in 1949可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；此處意為：胡同的狀況得到了改善。故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。] 30．by　[考查介詞的用法。be replaced by被……所取代，故用介詞by。] 31．a(chǎn)nd　[考查連詞的用法。此處是both...and...結(jié)構(gòu)，表示并列關(guān)系。] 32．providing　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。hutongs與provide之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。] 33．havesurvived　[考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：這些年，很多胡同已經(jīng)幸存下來(lái)了。根據(jù)該空后的these years可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。] Ⅳ. ThiswinterholidaymyclassmatesandItotheSunshineWelfareHouseforvoluntarywork.wewentthere，wetalkedaboutwecoulddoforthekidsoverthephone.Thenextday，wearrivedat therewithgiftswehadprepared，andwereceivedawelcome.Thenwebegantoplaywiththem.Idrewwiththeolderkids，andmyclassmatestoldstoriestotheones.Wespentthewholeafternoonwiththem，andlaughing.Itwasgettinglate.Wewavedgoodbyetoandfeltdelightedtoabletoaccompanythosechildren.