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1、考點(diǎn)之時(shí)態(tài) 1 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常與表示頻腮度的時(shí)間狀語連用。 時(shí)間狀語： every…, sometimes,　at…, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2) 客觀真理，客觀存在，科學(xué)事實(shí)。 The earth moves around the sun. 3) 表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall.　驕者必?cái)　? 4) 現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個(gè)性。 Ann Wang writes good Englis

2、h but does not speak well 考點(diǎn) 此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時(shí)，從句謂語也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.. 2 一般過去時(shí) 1）在確定的過去時(shí)間里所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 　 時(shí)間狀語有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 　 Where did you go just now? 2）表示在過去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。 　 When I was a chi

3、ld, I often played football in the street. 3一般將來時(shí) 1) will 在陳述句中用于各人稱，在爭(zhēng)求意見時(shí)常用于第二人稱。 　　Which paragraph shall I read first. 　　Will you be at home at seven this evening? 2)be going to +不定式，表示將來。 a. 主語的意圖，即將做某事。 What are you going to do tomorrow? b. 計(jì)劃，安排要發(fā)生的事。 The play is going to be pr

4、oduced next month。 c. 有跡象要發(fā)生的事 Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 考點(diǎn) 用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來意為： a) "意圖"、"打算"、"安排"、常用于人。常用詞為 come, go, start, arrive, leave, stay等。 I'm leaving tomorrow. Are you staying here till next week? b）在時(shí)間或條件句中。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來 When Bill comes (不是will com

5、e), ask him to wait for me. I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 4一般過去將來時(shí) 過去將來時(shí)表示從過去的某一時(shí)間來看將來要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。過去將來時(shí)常用于賓語從句和間接引語中。 結(jié)構(gòu)：would +do sth was/were going to do sth I didn’t know if he would come. =I didn’t know if he was going to come. 5現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用來表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，其結(jié)果

6、的確和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系。動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在；也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或　狀態(tài)。 其構(gòu)成： have (has) +過去分詞。 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語 for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always, I have seen this film. He has been a League member for three years. 比較since和for Since 用來說明動(dòng)作起始時(shí)間，后跟時(shí)間點(diǎn)，或從句，但時(shí)態(tài)必須是一般過去時(shí)；

7、 for用來說明動(dòng)作延續(xù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度，后跟時(shí)間段。 特別注意；兩者的謂語必須是持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。 I have lived here for more than twenty years. I have lived here since I was born.. My aunt has worked in this factory since 1949.　 考點(diǎn) 1，since的四種用法 1) since +過去一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)　(如具體的年、月、日期、鐘點(diǎn)、1980, last month, half past six)。 I have been here since 1989

8、. 2) since +一段時(shí)間+ ago I have been here since five months ago. 3) since +從句　 Great changes have taken place since you left. Considerable time has elapsed since we have been here. 4) It is +一段時(shí)間+ since從句 It is two years since I became a postgraduate student. 2,延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞及其轉(zhuǎn)換 1）? 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表示能夠延續(xù)

9、的動(dòng)作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞可以與表示時(shí)間段的狀語連用。 3）延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換： leave → be away (from), borrow --- keep, die → be dead， buy --- have,?? begin/start --- be on,?? die --- be dead,? finish --- be over,? join --- be in+組織機(jī)構(gòu)/ b

10、e a member of+組織機(jī)構(gòu),? get to know → know, open sth --- keep sth open,? fall ill ---? be ill,? get up---be up,?? catch a cold --- have a cold,? come here --- be here, go there ---be there,?? become --- be,?? come back --- be back,? fall asleep --- be asleep,? get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in),? go (ge

11、t) out →be out，? put on→ wear；catch a cold →have a cold, 例: 1，The old man died 4 years ago.? ----The old man has been dead for 4 years.??? ---- It is 4 years since the old man died.? ----Four years has passed since the old man died.?????? 2，He joined the Party 2 years ago.?? -----He ha

12、s been in the Party for 2 years.???? 3，I bought the book 5 days ago.? – --- I have had the book for 5 days. 3) has/have gone to 到…地方去了，人不在 has/have been to 去過…地方，人以回來 Where is Jim? He has gone to Wuhan. Jim has been to Wuhan twice. 6過去完成時(shí) 概念：表示過去的過去 構(gòu)成是had +過去分詞構(gòu)成 在told, said, knew

13、, heard, thought等動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句。 She said (that) she had never been to Paris. 7現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 表示現(xiàn)在( 指說話人說話時(shí)) 正在發(fā)生的事情。 結(jié)構(gòu)：be + v.ing 標(biāo)志：now, listen, look, at the moment We are waiting for you. 8過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 概念：表示過去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的狀態(tài)或動(dòng)作 結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were + v.ing He was watching TV at eight O’clock last night. 考點(diǎn)

14、 when，while “當(dāng)……時(shí)候”用法。 a) 在when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中，其謂語動(dòng)詞可以是延續(xù)性的，也可以是非延續(xù)性的，可與主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生，也可在其后發(fā)生。 例如： 1、I was just reading a book when she came into my room. 她走進(jìn)我房間時(shí)，我正在看書。 2、Were you writing when the teacher came in? 老師進(jìn)來的時(shí)候，你在寫信嗎？ b) while只能表示某一段時(shí)間，不能表示某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間。在while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中，其謂語動(dòng)詞只能是延續(xù)性的，而且也只能與主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生或存在。 例如： 1、While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him. 正當(dāng)吉姆修自行車時(shí)，林濤來看他。????? 2、You can’t do your homework while you’re watching TV. 你不能一邊看電視一邊做家庭作業(yè)。