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1、GrammarI. LEARNING ABOUT LANGUAGE1. Sara _ ( acknowledge / acknowledgement ) her mistake and made an apology immediately.2. The report _ (contradict / contradiction ) what we saw in our physics lesson yesterday.acknowledgedcontradicts3. The _ (recommend / recommendation) I would make is that you app

2、ly for a passport and then arrange to get your visa to England as soon as possible.4. I am too _ (occupy / occupation) with my own essay for this seminar to help you with yours.recommendationoccupied5. This new videophone will meet almost all our _ (require / requirement).6. The chemist _ (analyse /

3、 analysis) the coffee and found it contained poison.requirementanalysed7. Watching Rugby matches gave me much _ (comfort / comfortable) after I broke my leg and missed playing the game for four months.8. After four years of study, you will gain _ (qualified / qualification) in marketing and have a b

4、achelors fortqualification9. Ive got lots of _ (prepare / preparation) to do for the dinner party tonight.10. Xie Lei found she could _ (adjust / adjustment) to the routine of life in England because her host family were so helpful.adjustpreparation. GRAMMARFinish the following sentences.1. He has t

5、wo sons _ work in the same place. 2. He has two sons, _ work in the same place. whowho3. They gave up the plan _ they worked out yesterday. 4. They gave up the plan, _ was a very good one. that/whichwhichRestrictive Attributive Clause1. We will always remember the days that we spent in the village.2

6、. Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句 IINon-restrictive Attributive Clause1. John, who was sitting on my left, said that this meal was the best he had ever had.2. He was late again, which made his teacher very angry. . GRAMMAR POINTS非限制性定語(yǔ)從句非限制性定語(yǔ)從句1. 限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

7、: 限制性定語(yǔ)從句限制性定語(yǔ)從句:所謂限制性定語(yǔ)從句所謂限制性定語(yǔ)從句就是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語(yǔ)就是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語(yǔ),如果去掉如果去掉, 主句就會(huì)失去意義或意義不主句就會(huì)失去意義或意義不完整。這種從句和先行詞的關(guān)系十分完整。這種從句和先行詞的關(guān)系十分密切密切,寫(xiě)時(shí)不用逗號(hào)和主句分開(kāi)。寫(xiě)時(shí)不用逗號(hào)和主句分開(kāi)。I was the only person in my office who was invited. 我是我們辦公室唯一被邀請(qǐng)的人。我是我們辦公室唯一被邀請(qǐng)的人。 (如果把從句部分去掉如果把從句部分去掉, 整個(gè)句子的含義整個(gè)句子的含義就變了就變了)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句非限制性

8、定語(yǔ)從句:非限制性定語(yǔ)從非限制性定語(yǔ)從句和主句的關(guān)系并不十分密切句和主句的關(guān)系并不十分密切,只是只是對(duì)先行詞做些附加說(shuō)明對(duì)先行詞做些附加說(shuō)明,如果去掉如果去掉,主主句的意思仍然清楚。這種從句和主句句的意思仍然清楚。這種從句和主句之間往往用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。在講話時(shí)語(yǔ)調(diào)之間往往用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。在講話時(shí)語(yǔ)調(diào)上須停頓上須停頓, 一般不用一般不用that引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)。1) His dog, which was now very old, became ill and died. 他的狗當(dāng)時(shí)很老了他的狗當(dāng)時(shí)很老了, 生病后就死了。生病后就死了。(去掉從句去掉從句, 主句的意義仍然完整主句的意義仍然完整:他他的狗生病死

9、了。的狗生病死了。) 2) Yesterday I met Li Lei, who seemed to be very busy. 昨天我碰上李雷了昨天我碰上李雷了,他好象很忙。他好象很忙。 (去掉從句去掉從句, 主句的意義仍然完整主句的意義仍然完整:昨天昨天我碰上李雷了。我碰上李雷了。)2. 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中的一些問(wèn)題：非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中的一些問(wèn)題：a. 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中, 指物時(shí)指物時(shí), 用用which而不用而不用that。1) Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the wor

10、ld.2) All the books there, which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him.Tipsb. 指人時(shí)主格用指人時(shí)主格用who,賓格用賓格用whom,物主格用物主格用whose(也可指物也可指物)。1) Miss Howe, whom you met in the library, is our new teacher.2) The Arabs, who are famous for their horses and camels, use these animals for work and in sp

11、orts.3) Li Ming, whose mother has been ill for two days, is absent from school today.c. 另外關(guān)系副詞另外關(guān)系副詞when(指時(shí)間指時(shí)間), where (指地點(diǎn)指地點(diǎn))也可以引導(dǎo)非限制也可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句性定語(yǔ)從句(注意關(guān)系副詞注意關(guān)系副詞why不能不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。4) He lives in the city, where there is a high tower.5) The Peoples Republic of China was founded in 194

12、9, when he was born.d. 介詞加關(guān)系代詞也可以引導(dǎo)非限介詞加關(guān)系代詞也可以引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。定性定語(yǔ)從句。6) Wu Dong, with whom I went to see the film, enjoyed it very much.7) Her bag, in which she put all her books, has not been found.8) The story about the Long March, of which this is an example, are well written.3. as, which 非限定性定語(yǔ)從句非限定

13、性定語(yǔ)從句 由由as, which 引導(dǎo)的非限定性定引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)從句, as和和which可代整個(gè)主句，可代整個(gè)主句，相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于and this或或and that。As一般放在句首一般放在句首, which在句中。在句中。 As we know, smoking is harmful to ones health. The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.Suggested answers to Ex3 on Page 41. 1. Peter danced and sang all evening. Peo

14、ple used to think Peter was quiet. Peter, who people used to think was quiet, danced and sang all evening.練一練！練一練！2. Sharon gave me a picture for my birthday. She had painted it especially for me. For my birthday, Sharon gave me a picture (which) she had painted especially for me.3. THE OPERATION WA

15、S PERFORMED IN A FAMOUS HOSPITAL. MY GRANDFATHERS HEARING IMPROVED. The operation, which improved my grandfathers hearing, was performed in a famous hospital.4. When I went on a tour round China, I saw many historical sites. It was very exciting. I saw many historical sites when I went on a tour aro

16、und China, which was very exciting.5. The two traffic accidents happened on the same morning. Then there was a heavy fog. The two traffic accidents happened on the same morning, when there was a heavy fog.6. Tang Ling volunteered to help the welfare house. There she teaches the homeless children. Ta

17、ng Ling volunteered to help the welfare house, where she teaches the homeless children.7. As far as Im concerned, Anne should not be going to America next year. Her daughter is in my class. As far as Im concerned, Anne, whose daughter is in my class, should not be going to America next year.8. He we

18、nt on a bus tour with a group of people. Most of them had never traveled before. He went on a bus tour with a group of people, most of whom had never travelled before. 1. Alice received an invitation from her boss, _came as a surprise. A. it B. that C. whichD. he 此為非限定性從句此為非限定性從句,不能用不能用 that修修飾飾,而用而

19、用which. it 和和he 都使后句成為都使后句成為句子句子,兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子不能單以逗號(hào)連兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子不能單以逗號(hào)連接。況且選接。況且選he句意不通。句意不通。CI. Choose the best answer.2. As announced in todays papers, the Shanghai Export Commodities Fair is also open on Sundays. A. being B. is C. to be D. been注意兩個(gè)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞：注意兩個(gè)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞：as, which, which在做非限定性定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞

20、在做非限定性定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞時(shí)有兩個(gè)特點(diǎn)：時(shí)有兩個(gè)特點(diǎn)：1 which前要有逗號(hào)與前面前要有逗號(hào)與前面句子分開(kāi)；句子分開(kāi)； 2 which引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句指的是前面整句話的內(nèi)容。只要引導(dǎo)非限指的是前面整句話的內(nèi)容。只要引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句定性定語(yǔ)從句 as 和和 which 都指一句話內(nèi)容，都指一句話內(nèi)容，區(qū)別在于區(qū)別在于which只能放在它所指那句話的后只能放在它所指那句話的后面，而面，而as可以在前面也可以在后面?？梢栽谇懊嬉部梢栽诤竺?。B3. It rained hard yesterday, _ prevented me from going to the par

21、k. A. that B. which C. as D. it 4. She is a teacher of much knowledge, _ much can be learned. A. who B. that C. from which D. from whomBD5. China has many rivers, _the Changjiang River is the longest. A. which B. in which C. among which D. one of whichC6. A. Pisa is a city, _ has a leaning tower. B.

22、 Pisa is a city, _there is a leaning tower. A. which B. that C. where D. thereAC7. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play,_ ,of course, made the others unhappy. A. who B. which C. this D. what 8. Do you know the reason _ he was late? A. that B. which C. for what D. for whichBD9.

23、I have bought two ball pens , _ writes well. A. none of which B. neither of which C. none of them D. neither of themB10. The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success. A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which C11. This is the very knife _ I used to cut apple

24、s yesterday. A. that B. by which C. which D. with whichD1. It surprised everyone that Jim passed the college entrance exams. Jim passed the college entrance exams, _ surprised everyone.II. 每空填一詞，使該句與所給句子的意每空填一詞，使該句與所給句子的意思相同。思相同。which2. I might work late into the night. If so, I will ring you up. I

25、might work late into the night, in _ case, I will ring you up.3. He made another discovery. And we think it is of great importance. He made another discovery, _ we think is of great importance.whichwhich4. This is Mr. Li. We came to the exhibition in his car. This is Mr. Li, in _ car we came to the

26、exhibition.5. We walked down the village street. There the villagers were having market day. We walked down the village street, _ the villagers were having market day.whosewhere III. 將下列句子翻譯成英語(yǔ)。將下列句子翻譯成英語(yǔ)。1. 那個(gè)女孩是我們學(xué)校最優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生，那個(gè)女孩是我們學(xué)校最優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生，她的名字叫凱特。她的名字叫凱特。 2. 運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將被推遲到下個(gè)月，那時(shí)我們運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將被推遲到下個(gè)月，那時(shí)我們將做好一切準(zhǔn)備。

27、將做好一切準(zhǔn)備。 The girl, whose name is Kate, is the top of the students in our school.The sports meeting will be put off till next month, when we will have made all the preparations. 3. 第二天我們到達(dá)紐約第二天我們到達(dá)紐約, 在那里我們接受了在那里我們接受了電臺(tái)的采訪。電臺(tái)的采訪。4. 那座房子在地震中依然聳立那座房子在地震中依然聳立, 它是一百多它是一百多年前建造的。年前建造的。5. 約翰有音樂(lè)天賦約翰有音樂(lè)天賦, 他是

28、一個(gè)他是一個(gè)5歲大的孩子。歲大的孩子。The next day we arrived in New York, where we were interviewed on the radio.The house, which was built a hundred years ago, stood still in the earthquake.John, who is five, has a talent for music.HOMEWORK1. Finish Ex1 and Ex3 on Page 81. 2. Remember the usage of non-restrictive attributive clause 3. Go over the Reading on Page 38, think about what kind of difficulties you would meet while traveling.