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1、■定語從句（三要素：先行詞、引導(dǎo)詞、從句中成分） A. that 1. All can be done has been done. （先行詞為 all, much, little,anything,noihing 等不定代詞時(shí),用 thai 不用 which。注： 不定代詞something除外，兩者皆可。） 2. The people and places came to life in his vivid description left a deep impression on me. （先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)，只能用that） 3. It was the last enc

2、ounter was expected on such an occasion. （先行詞有最高級、序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，用that不用whiche ） B. which 4. The president found himself faced with some issues over there was a growing concern. （定語從句中，介詞后用which不用thato ） 5. In the past years, he has made great achievement, he attributes to his colleagues' assistance

3、. （非限制性定語從句中，用which不用that。） 6. Cultural heritages connect modern people with the historical past, allows them to acquire a cultural and historical identity. =Cultural heritages connect modem people with the historical past, allowing them to acquire a cultural and historical identity, （which引導(dǎo)非限制性

4、定語從句，指代整個(gè)主句。注意：表必然結(jié)果的非謂語動(dòng)詞， 與which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句的轉(zhuǎn)換。） C. as 7. is reported, China's efforts to battle against Covid-19 have got world-wide appreciation. =China's efforts to battle against Covid-19, is reported, have go（ world-wide appreciation. （as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代主句內(nèi)容，翻譯成“正如、正像''，位置非常靈活， 可以位于主句前，可以

5、插入主句中。） 對比：which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代主句內(nèi)容，翻譯成“這”，位置非常固定，只能位 于主句后。 8. He ranked among the lop three, had been expected by us. 他位列三甲，這我們早就料想到了。 9. He ranked among the lop three, was more than we had expected. 他位列三甲，這超出了我們的意料。 D. whose （先行詞既可以是人也可以是物） 10. Many Chinese like watching People Who Moved Chin

6、a, which honors those contributions should be remembered and learned from. 11. I owe a lot to him, without help I couldn't have made such great progress. 12. They trudged up to a house, on door was a sign saying "Home fbr The Homeless". （=on the door of which was a sign saying "Home fbr The Hom

7、eless".） 13. Last month, part of Europe was struck by snow storms, from effect the people are still suffering. （= from the effect of which the people are still suffering.） E. when & that/which 14. He didn't get his invention recognized until 2009, he succeeded in patenting it. 15. The Chinese

8、 Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005, the government started a soil-testing program which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers, and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7. 7 million （ons. 16. Those days he spent together with his best friends arc as fresh as yesterday. （引導(dǎo)詞在

9、定語從句中做"spent”的賓語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞 ° ） 17. Those days he stayed together with his best friends arc as fresh as yesterday. （引導(dǎo)詞在定語從句中做時(shí)間狀語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞 。） F. where & that/which 18. You'd better make a list of the places are to be visited. (引導(dǎo)詞在定語從句中做主語，應(yīng)甬關(guān)系代詞 。) 19. You'd better make a list of the places you

10、arc to go for a visit. (引導(dǎo)詞在定語從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞 o ) 20. She wants a job her management skills can be put to good use. (=in which) 21. Dancing is an activity sight matters more than hearing. (=in which) 22. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers consumer complaints have result

11、ed in changes in the law. (=in which) 23. In the cases will be introduced to readers later in this chapter, consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law. G. why & that/which 24. The reason for his coming late was that he was caught in the traffic. =The reason he came late was that he

12、 was caught in the traffic. =Thc reason for which he came late was that he was caught in the traffic. 25. The reason he gave/explained for his coming late was that he was caught in (he traffic. H. the way that/which... & the way that/in which... 26. They treat me in a way annoys me a lot. 27.

13、I don't like the way they treat me. 28. You'd better treat others the way you want to be treated. I. from where; since when 29. He stuck his head out of the window, from he got a full view of the lake. 30. The book was written in 1946, since the education system has witnessed great changes. 對比

14、： 31. He was educated at a local grammar school, after he went on to Cambridge. J. in that case/by that time => in which case/by which time 32. He won't come back until next Friday ; by time, we'll have completed the project. 33. He won't come back until next Friday , by time we'll have completed the project. 34. He won't come back until next Friday ; in case, we'll have to put off the conference. 35. He won't come back until next Friday , in case we'll have to put off the conference.