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1、一、賓語從句（一、賓語從句（二二） (一)由特殊引導詞引導的賓語從句 引導詞引導詞的作用例句 that that本身無意義,只起連接作用,在口語中可以省略。I think (that) theyre fun to watch.我想它們看起來很有趣。引導詞引導詞的作用例句 what,which,who,whose,whom等連接代詞 這些連接詞在 賓語從句中作一定的成分,如主語、賓語、定語等。I dont know what I can do to help him.我不知道怎樣幫助他。(賓語) She will never forget who has helped her.她不會忘記幫助過她

2、的人。(主語)I wonder whose hair is the longest of all the girls.我想知道所有女孩中誰的頭發(fā)是最長的。(定語) when (表時 間),where (表地點),why (表原因),how (表方式) 等連接副詞 這些連接副詞 在從句中作狀 語。He asked me when I could come.他問我什么時間能來。(時間狀語) We dont know where he lives.我們不知道他住哪兒。(地點狀語) (一一)由特殊引導詞引導的賓語從句由特殊引導詞引導的賓語從句 (二二) 賓語從句的語序賓語從句的語序1.賓語從句應該用陳

3、述語序賓語從句應該用陳述語序,即按即按“主語主語+謂語謂語+賓語賓語”的順序排列。的順序排列。 Can you tell me what he wants? 你能告訴我他想要你能告訴我他想要什么嗎什么嗎? 2.當當who,whose或或which對主語提問時對主語提問時,語序不變語序不變;變變?yōu)橘e語從句時為賓語從句時,語序依然不變。語序依然不變。 She asked who would answer those questions.她問她問誰準備回答那些問題。誰準備回答那些問題。(三三) 賓語從句的時態(tài)賓語從句的時態(tài)1.若主句為現(xiàn)在時態(tài)若主句為現(xiàn)在時態(tài),從句的謂語動詞可根據(jù)具體情況選用所需要的

4、從句的謂語動詞可根據(jù)具體情況選用所需要的時態(tài)。時態(tài)。 We hope youll have a very happy year in our class.我們希望你在我們希望你在我們班能度過快樂、幸福的一年。我們班能度過快樂、幸福的一年。 2.若主句為過去時態(tài)若主句為過去時態(tài),則賓語從句通常選用過去時態(tài)中的某一種形則賓語從句通常選用過去時態(tài)中的某一種形式。式。 He said he was doing his homework then.他說他那時在做作業(yè)。他說他那時在做作業(yè)。3.若從句是客觀真理、一種現(xiàn)象、科學原理、現(xiàn)階段存在的客觀若從句是客觀真理、一種現(xiàn)象、科學原理、現(xiàn)階段存在的客觀事實、

5、經常性、習慣性動作事實、經常性、習慣性動作,或是諺語、格言等或是諺語、格言等,其時態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)其時態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時。在時。 The scientists said the sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.科學家們說太陽從東方升起科學家們說太陽從東方升起,西方落下。西方落下。 (四四) 否定轉移否定轉移主句為主句為I/We think/believe/guess/suppose時時,從句若表示否定從句若表示否定,一般將否定詞一般將否定詞not轉移到主句的轉移到主句的謂語中謂語中,這種現(xiàn)象叫作這種現(xiàn)象叫作“否定轉移否定轉移”。 I d

6、ont think he will come.我認為他不會來我認為他不會來了。了。(五五) 賓語從句的反意疑問句賓語從句的反意疑問句 含有賓語從句的復合句在構成反意疑問句時含有賓語從句的復合句在構成反意疑問句時,應應根據(jù)主句的主語和謂語來確定根據(jù)主句的主語和謂語來確定,但對于含有否定但對于含有否定轉移的賓語從句轉移的賓語從句,必須根據(jù)從句來確定。必須根據(jù)從句來確定。 Jim told us (that) they would leave this school,didnt he?吉姆告訴我們他們將離開這個學校吉姆告訴我們他們將離開這個學校,不是嗎不是嗎? I dont think (that)

7、 he is right,is he? 我認為我認為他不對他不對,是嗎是嗎?(六六) 賓語從句與簡單句的相互轉換賓語從句與簡單句的相互轉換當賓語從句是由當賓語從句是由when,where,why,who,which,what,whose等引導時等引導時,有有時可以轉換為由時可以轉換為由“疑問代詞疑問代詞/疑問副詞疑問副詞+不定式不定式”結構作賓語的形式結構作賓語的形式,從從而句子便由一個主從復合句變?yōu)榱撕唵尉?。而句子便由一個主從復合句變?yōu)榱撕唵尉洹?.當主句的主語與賓語從句的主語一致時當主句的主語與賓語從句的主語一致時,可以將其改為簡單句?？梢詫⑵涓臑楹唵尉洹?I dont know what

8、 I shall do next.=I dont know what to do next.我不知道下一步做什么。我不知道下一步做什么。2.當主句中含有雙賓語時當主句中含有雙賓語時,如果間接賓語與賓語從句的主語一致時如果間接賓語與賓語從句的主語一致時,也可以將這個主從復合句變?yōu)楹唵尉?。也可以將這個主從復合句變?yōu)楹唵尉洹?Can you tell me how I can get to the police station?=Can you tell me how to get to the police station?你能告訴我怎樣你能告訴我怎樣到達警察局嗎到達警察局嗎? .單項填單項填空空

9、1.(20151.(2015泰安中考泰安中考) Could you please tell me) Could you please tell me you will go to Hong Kong on you will go to Hong Kong on business?business? Sure.I prefer to take a plane. Sure.I prefer to take a plane. A.whether A.whether B.why B.why C.when C.when D.howD.how提示:考查賓語從句的連接詞。句意為“請你告訴我你將怎樣去香港做生

10、意好嗎?”“當然可以。我更喜歡乘飛機”。 whether是否;why為什么;when什么時候;how如何,怎樣。根據(jù)“我更喜歡乘飛機”可知問句是問如何去香港,故選D。.單項填單項填空空2.(20152.(2015南充中考南充中考) We dont know when ) We dont know when next week.Please call me when he arrives.next week.Please call me when he arrives. A.will he arrive A.will he arrive B.does he arrive B.does he ar

11、rive C.he will arrive D.he arrives C.he will arrive D.he arrives提示:考查賓語從句。前句意為“我們不知道他下周什么時候到”。賓語從句用陳述語序,故排除A、B兩項;再由時間狀語next week可知,從句需用一般將來時,故選C。.單項填單項填空空3.(20153.(2015煙臺中考煙臺中考) My deskmate asked me ) My deskmate asked me . .A.when would I go to the zoo A.when would I go to the zoo B.whom I would pl

12、ay tennis withB.whom I would play tennis withC.how did I get home that eveningC.how did I get home that eveningD.whether I have been to SingaporeD.whether I have been to Singapore提示:考查賓語從句。賓語從句應該用陳述語序, 故A, C都不對, D項 時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時,而主句謂語動詞為一般過去時, 故選B。.單項填單項填空空4.(20154.(2015常德中考常德中考)Could you tell me )Could

13、you tell me ?Sure.Sure.A.where the restrooms are A.where the restrooms are B.where are the restrooms B.where are the restrooms C.where is the restroomC.where is the restroom提示:考查賓語從句。疑問句作賓語從句時原來的疑問語序要改為陳述語序,故選A。.單項填單項填空空5.(20155.(2015黔西南中考黔西南中考) My mother asked me ) My mother asked me this this morn

14、ing.morning. A.why did I get up late A.why did I get up late B.why I got up lateB.why I got up lateC.why do I get up late C.why do I get up late D.why I get up lateD.why I get up late提示:考查賓語從句的用法。句意為“我媽媽問我為什么今天早上起晚了”。賓語從句應用陳述語序,主句為一般過去時,從句用與過去有關的時態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知,選B。.單項填單項填空空6.(20156.(2015云南中考云南中考) I wonder

15、) I wonder at 6:00 yesterday at 6:00 yesterday afternoon.afternoon. I was doing my homework in the reading room. I was doing my homework in the reading room. A.what were you doing A.what were you doing B.what did you doB.what did you doC.what you were doing C.what you were doing D.what you are doing

16、D.what you are doing提示:考查賓語從句。句意為“我想知道昨天晚上六點你正在做什么?！薄拔艺陂営[室做作業(yè)”。從答句可知用過去進行時,排除B,D。又因賓語從句中疑問詞后應接陳述語序,故選C。.單項填單項填空空7.(20157.(2015桂林中考桂林中考)Sir,do you know)Sir,do you know? Im not very sure.Please ask the worker over there. Im not very sure.Please ask the worker over there. A.when will the next train st

17、art A.when will the next train start B.when the next train will start B.when the next train will start C.when did the next train startC.when did the next train start提示:考查賓語從句。賓語從句應為陳述語序,故選B。.單項填單項填空空8.(20158.(2015黔南州中考黔南州中考)Do you know)Do you knowthe meeting?the meeting? Tomorrow morning. Tomorrow m

18、orning. A.when they had A.when they had B.when they are going to haveB.when they are going to haveC.when did they have C.when did they have D.when are they going to haveD.when are they going to have提示:考查賓語從句的語序和時態(tài)。根據(jù)賓語從句的語序應為陳述語序可排除C和D;結合答語可知用一般將來時,故選B。.單項填單項填空空9.(9.(安安順順中考中考)I dont think she will a

19、gree with us, )I dont think she will agree with us, ? A.will she A.will she B.wont she B.wont she C.dont you C.dont you D.do youD.do you提示:考查反意疑問句。在I/We think句型中,反意疑問句中的謂語動詞和主語與從句一致,排除C、D;由于主句是否定句,故后面用肯定形式,所以選A。.單項填單項填空空10.(10.(巴中中考巴中中考) Our teacher said the earth ) Our teacher said the earth round

20、round the sun.the sun. A.traveled A.traveled B.travels B.travels C.travelC.travel提示:考查賓語從句。句意為“我們的老師說地球圍繞著太陽轉”。此處強調的是客觀真理,因此從句時態(tài)使用一般現(xiàn)在時,故選B。關于有禮貌地問路關于有禮貌地問路 When you travel to a new place and you cant find your way,you can ask someone for help.But do you know how to ask the way in an English-speakin

21、g country?There are many rules you should follow,and one of the most important things you should remember is to be polite.No one likes to help those who are impolite.Youd better stop to wait or walk to the person who you want to ask the way.Dont be nervous,and dont walk too fast,or the person will h

22、ave doubts about your intention.Dont touch or stand close to the person,especially a lady,because the people in some Western countries will feel uncomfortable when some strangers are too close to them.When you ask the way,its important to express your ideas in a polite way.First of all,you should sa

23、y “Excuse me” to catch someones attention.There are many ways to ask the way,but the most important thing is how to be polite.For example,“How can I get to the nearest post office?” and “Could you please tell me how I can get to the nearest post office?” are similar requestsboth are correct English,

24、but the first could sound rude.Its important to use correct language,but sometimes this is not enoughwe need to learn how to be polite when we make requests.Usually the polite ways are longer and more difficult than those direct ways because you need to spend some time leading into the question.Howe

25、ver,if you want to get help and not to offend people,youd better learn about the language etiquette;its just as important as learning grammar or vocabulary.And doing this will also help you become better at English.【詞匯積累】doubt doubt 疑惑疑惑; ;疑疑問問intentionintention意意圖圖; ;目的目的offend offend 觸觸怒怒; ;冒犯冒犯 本

26、單元的中心話題是有禮貌地尋求信息,這篇文章講述了在國外問路時應該注意到的事項和我們應該遵循的原則,多使用祈使句來表示建議,如:Dont be nervous,and dont talk too fast.(不要緊張,不要講得太快),Youd better(你最好),You should say “Excuse me” to catch someones attention.(你應該說“打擾了”來引起某人的注意),We need to learn how to be polite when we make requests.(當我們提出請求時,我們應該學會如何才是有禮貌的)等。有良好的英語語言應

27、用能力并學會這些交流技巧,一定會令你溝通無障礙。針對本單元Section B 2b的內容回答下列問題1.When you visit a foreign country,what1.When you visit a foreign country,what is important is important to know?to know? 2.What do good speakers of English do when speaking 2.What do good speakers of English do when speaking with different people?wi

28、th different people? 3.Why is it important to learn how to use proper 3.Why is it important to learn how to use proper language?language? When we visit a foreign country,itWhen we visit a foreign country,it is important to is important to know how to ask for help politely.know how to ask for help po

29、litely.Good speakers of English change the way they talk Good speakers of English change the way they talk when speaking with different people.when speaking with different people.This will help you become better at English,orThis will help you become better at English,or any any other language you w

30、ish to speak.other language you wish to speak. ：指路指路黃教授的美國朋友黃教授的美國朋友Tom要到中國考察要到中國考察,Tom得知黃得知黃教授生病住院教授生病住院,決定一下飛機就到醫(yī)院看望黃教授。決定一下飛機就到醫(yī)院看望黃教授。假設你是黃教授的兒子黃磊假設你是黃教授的兒子黃磊,請根據(jù)下面的示意圖請根據(jù)下面的示意圖給給Tom寫一封電子郵件寫一封電子郵件,告訴他出機場后到達醫(yī)院告訴他出機場后到達醫(yī)院的路線。的路線。要求要求:80詞左右。詞左右。：指路指路【思路點撥】稱呼Dear正文客氣語:Im very happy that youre coming

31、指路:take a taxi,go down,turn left,go along,turn right, across from結尾語:I hope to署名Yours,Huang Lei 【重點【重點詞匯詞匯】寫寫出下列短出下列短語語1.1.通往通往的路的路 2.2.人民人民醫(yī)醫(yī)院院 3.3.乘出租乘出租車車 4.4.沿著沿著走走 5.5.向左向左轉轉 6.6.在在的的對對面面 turn leftturn leftgo down/alonggo down/along take a taxitake a taxi Peoples HospitalPeoples Hospital the wa

32、y tothe way toacross fromacross from【重點句型】根據(jù)漢語意思完成下列句子1.我很高興你要來看望我的爸爸。我很高興你要來看望我的爸爸。I am very happy that youre my father. 2.你需要從飛機場乘坐出租車。你需要從飛機場乘坐出租車。You t take a taxi from the . 3.沿著第二大街走并且在新街向右轉。沿著第二大街走并且在新街向右轉。Go the Second Avenue and at the New Street. 4.醫(yī)院就在超市的對面。醫(yī)院就在超市的對面。The hospital is the s

33、upermarket. 5.我希望盡快見到你。我希望盡快見到你。I hope .coming to visitcoming to visitneed toneed toairportairportalongturn rightturn rightjust across fromjust across fromto see you soonto see you soon【單元參考句型】【單元參考句型】Could you please tell me?Excuse me.Do you know?Go to the second floorExcuse me,I wonder if you can

34、help meDear Tom,Dear Tom,I am very happy that youre coming to visit my father.NowI am very happy that youre coming to visit my father.Now let me tell you the way to the Peoples Hospital.let me tell you the way to the Peoples Hospital.You need to take a taxi from the airport.Go down the Long You need

35、 to take a taxi from the airport.Go down the Long Street and turn left at the zoo.Then go along the Second Street and turn left at the zoo.Then go along the Second Avenue and turn right at the New Street.Go down the New Avenue and turn right at the New Street.Go down the New Street and turn left at

36、the Hongxing Supermarket.TheStreet and turn left at the Hongxing Supermarket.The hospital is just across from the supermarket.hospital is just across from the supermarket.I hope to see you soon.I hope to see you soon.Yours,Yours,Huang LeiHuang Lei名師點評 首先,郵件內容符合圖示,能夠根據(jù)方向所示來描寫從機場到人民醫(yī)院的正確路線,內容簡單、明了。再次,

37、文章符合郵件的書寫要求,在開頭和結尾處都運用了很自然的過渡性語言。 與本單元相關的看圖作文常涉及問路和指路。首先,要看清圖片,結合文字提示,了解圖片所要傳達的信息。根據(jù)線路圖示編寫對話或指路的時候,要明確問路人現(xiàn)在所處的地點及其目的地和所要經過的路線。然后,利用所學的相關句型,根據(jù)題目要求編寫對話或者指路。問路、指路時有時采用書信體或留言條的形式, 這時要注意書信和留言條的格式,不要忘記開頭和結尾的禮貌用語,盡量采用所學的問路句型,路線要交代清楚。常用的指路用語有:Go straight along沿著一直走。Turn left/right.向左/右拐。Go past走過You can tak

38、e a bus.你可以乘公交車。Its only five minutes walk.步行才五分鐘。Its on your left/right.它在你的左/右邊。You wont miss it.你不會錯過它的。 用所用所給給的的選項補選項補全短文全短文( (北京中考北京中考)Peter lost his friends book.He felt very sad.Kate )Peter lost his friends book.He felt very sad.Kate broke her moms favorite cup.broke her moms favorite cup.1 1

39、 She was so sorry for She was so sorry for her mistake.her mistake.We all make mistakes because were human.And its not We all make mistakes because were human.And its not always easy to get on well with everyone all the always easy to get on well with everyone all the time.Sometimes we hurt peoples

40、feelings although we dont time.Sometimes we hurt peoples feelings although we dont do it on purpose.Sometimes we hurt peoples feelings on do it on purpose.Sometimes we hurt peoples feelings on purpose.purpose.2 2 So we apologize(So we apologize(道歉道歉).).An apology tells someone that were sorry for ou

41、r An apology tells someone that were sorry for our mistakes.Its a way to show that well try to do better in mistakes.Its a way to show that well try to do better in future.future.AB 用所用所給給的的選項補選項補全短文全短文Apologies are one of the tools to build good friendships and Apologies are one of the tools to bui

42、ld good friendships and relationships.When you say “Im sorry”,you probably feel relationships.When you say “Im sorry”,you probably feel bad because what you did or said hurt another person.bad because what you did or said hurt another person.3 3,youre also saying that you respect the other person,an

43、d ,youre also saying that you respect the other person,and care about his or her feelings.Apologizing shows you have care about his or her feelings.Apologizing shows you have empathy(empathy(同感同感).).After apologizing,you might feel a little better.After apologizing,you might feel a little better.4 4

44、 When When you apologize in a caring way,you might feel good because you apologize in a caring way,you might feel good because you are trying to make things right again.you are trying to make things right again.CE 【詞匯積累】【詞匯積累】 purpose目的;目標 respect尊敬;尊重 friendship友誼;友情 caring表示或感到關懷或關心的 A.Then she cried.B.But we feel bad later.C.When you say “ I am sorry”D.And you want to return his book.E.The other person will probably feel better,too.The man who has made up his mind to win will never say “ Impossible”. -Napoleon 凡是決心取得勝利的人是從來不說凡是決心取得勝利的人是從來不說“不可能不可能”的。的。 -拿破侖拿破侖