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1、GRAMMAR 非真實條件句中 虛擬語氣 if省略幾種特殊的虛擬語氣從句中的虛擬語氣時態(tài)時態(tài)從從 句句主主 句句表示現(xiàn)在表示現(xiàn)在過去時過去時(be-were)should+動詞原形動詞原形would +動詞原形動詞原形could +動詞原形動詞原形might +動詞原形動詞原形1.和現(xiàn)在的事實相反和現(xiàn)在的事實相反時態(tài)時態(tài)從從 句句主主 句句表示過去表示過去 had +過去分詞過去分詞should+have+過去分詞過去分詞would +have+過去分詞過去分詞could +have+過去分詞過去分詞might +have+過去分詞過去分詞時態(tài)時態(tài)從從 句句主主 句句表示將來表示將來 shou

2、ld+動詞原形動詞原形would +動詞原形動詞原形could +動詞原形動詞原形might +動詞原形動詞原形1)were to+動詞原形動詞原形2)should+動詞原形動詞原形3)動詞過去式動詞過去式 虛擬倒裝句虛擬倒裝句 1.Were it (=If it were) not for their help,we couldnt have got over the difficulties.2.Had I (=If I had) known about it,I would have told you.3.Should anyone (=If anyone should )call,pl

3、ease take a message.What would have happened, _ as far as the river bank? (01 上海)A. Bob had walked fartherB. if Bob should walk fartherC. had Bob walked fartherD. if Bob walked fartherC1) 介詞短語表條件介詞短語表條件 常用的介詞有with, without, but for But for your help, we couldnt have succeeded. Nothing could live wit

4、hout the sun.2) 情境中提供虛擬語氣情境中提供虛擬語氣 有時為了表達的需要，在虛擬語氣中并不總是出現(xiàn)if引導的條件句，而通過其他手段來代替條件句。 Suppose there were no gravity, objects would not fall to the ground when dropped. She wasnt feeling very well. Otherwise she wouldnt have left the meeting so early.I might have given you more help, but I was too busy. 3

5、) Its (high/low) time 從句：從句： It is (high) time that 后面的從句謂語動詞要用過去式或用should加動詞原形，但should不可省略。 It is time that the children went to bed.類似的結構為 would rather 從句： I would rather you attended the meeting this afternoon.4) 比較比較if only與與only if only if 表示“只有”； I wake up only if the alarm clock rings. if onl

6、y 則表示“如果就好了”。其從句中的謂語動詞用過去時或過去完成時。If only I knew more.If only the alarm clock had rung.If only 也可用于陳述語氣。If only he comes early.If only grandmother _ this together with us now.A. will see B.could see C.must see D.should seeB考題點擊：考題點擊：1.wish1.wish后面賓語從句中的虛擬語氣，表示后面賓語從句中的虛擬語氣，表示與事實相反的愿望。與事實相反的愿望。1 1) )與與

7、現(xiàn)在事實相反事實相反 : : wish + (that)+did(were) 2 2) )與與過去事實相反事實相反 : : wish + (that)+had done3 3) )與與將來事實相反事實相反 : : wish + would/could/might+do2. 某些動詞后的賓語從句中需用某些動詞后的賓語從句中需用should+動詞原形動詞原形的虛擬語氣的虛擬語氣形式。形式。“should”可以省略。可以省略。常見的動詞有常見的動詞有:一個堅持一個堅持insist; 兩個命令兩個命令order, command ; 三三條建議條建議suggest , advise, propose;

8、四項要求四項要求demand, request, require, ask; 另外有另外有:prefer注意注意: suggest表表 暗示表明 時時 insist表表堅持認為時不用虛擬語時不用虛擬語氣氣as if,as though引導的狀語從句中，表示和現(xiàn)在事實相反或對現(xiàn)在的懷疑，用過去時；表示過去想象中的動作或情況，用過去完成時; ;表示表示將來用將來用would + would + 動詞原形動詞原形。It seems as if the man were his brother.This device operated as though it had been repaired.(7

9、) 個別表示程度，頻率的副詞前置Always, Often, Well, Bitterly, Gladly, Brightly, Once, Every other day, Now and then e.g. Often would she (she would) weep when alone. Brightly shone the moon that night. (B)15. Many a time _ swimming alone.A. the boy went B. went the boy C. did the boy goD. did go the boy 3. to 作介詞的

10、常見短語作介詞的常見短語 be / get / become used to 習慣于 adapt to 適應 be given to 喜歡；癖好 be related to 與有關系 be addicted to 沉溺于；對上癮 be opposed to 反對 devote oneself to 獻身于；專心于be devoted to 致力于；忠誠于 be admitted to 被錄取；準進入 be reduced to 淪為object to反對；不喜歡；不贊成 look forward to 盼望stick to 堅持pay attention to 注意prefer to更喜歡refer to 談到；參考；查閱turn a blind eye to對視而不見turn a deaf ear to 對充耳不聞 be senior to 年齡長于 be junior to 年輕于 be superior to 優(yōu)越于 be inferior to 不如 be equal to 和相等 be subject to 服從；隸屬；易遭受患 due to 由于；歸因于 thanks to 多虧了；由于 owing to 由于；因的緣故 in / with regard to 關于 in /with relation to 關于；就而論