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1、第14講八年級(下)Units 9101invent(v.)invention(n.)發(fā)明物inventor(n.)發(fā)明者2believe(v.)believable(adj.)可信的unbelievable(adj.)難以置信的3usual(adj.)unusual(反義詞)特別的；不尋常的4encourage(v.)encouragement(n.)鼓勵5peace(n.)peaceful(adj.)和平的6collect(v.)collection(n.)收集7safe(adj.)safety(n.)安全dangerous(adj.)危險的danger(n.)危險8simply(adv.

2、)simple(adj.)簡單的9most(adj.)大多數(shù)mostly(adv.)主要地10scarf(n.)scarves/scarfs(復(fù)數(shù))11own(v.)owner(n.)擁有者12true(adj.)truth(n.)真相；事實truthful(adj.)誠實的；真實的13especial(adj.)especially(adv.)尤其；特別；格外1put up a tent搭帳篷2encourage sb.to do sth.鼓勵某人做某事3a couple of兩個；一對；幾個4thousands of數(shù)以千計的；許許多多的5on the one hand.on the ot

3、her hand.一方面另一方面6have problems doing sth.做某事有麻煩7board game棋類游戲8all year round全年9three quarters四分之三10check out查看；觀察11clear out清理；丟掉12no longer不再；不復(fù)13part with放棄、交出(尤指不舍得的東西)14as for至于；關(guān)于15to be honest說實在的16according to依據(jù)；按照17close to幾乎；接近1_ you ever _ to a science museum？你去過科技博物館？2I _ _ to the art mu

4、seum many _我去過藝術(shù)博物館很多次了。3Ive _ _ to a water park.我從未去過水上樂園。Me _我也沒去過。4Lets go _ _ today.我們今天去某個不同的地方吧。5Its really interesting，_ _？它確實很有趣，是不是？6Watching the tea preparation is just _ enjoyable _ drinking the tea _觀看他們準(zhǔn)備沏茶的過程和飲茶本身一樣令人享受。Havebeenhave beentimesnever beenneithersomewhere differentisnt ita

5、sasitself7_ _ _ you _ that bike over there？那邊的那輛自行車你買了多長時間了？Ive had it for three years！我買了三年了！8Jim _ _ _ Japan for three days.吉姆在日本待了三天了。9Nowadays，_ _ Chinese leave the countryside to _ _ work in the cities.如今，數(shù)百萬中國人離開農(nóng)村去城市尋找工作。10I _ _ return home at least once a year，but I _ _ _ for almost three ye

6、ars now.我過去一年至少回去一次，但是現(xiàn)在我?guī)缀跞隂]有回去了。How long havehadhas been inmillions ofsearch forhavent been backused to 1現(xiàn)在完成時(含been，ever和never)(見學(xué)生用書P131)(見本書P153)2現(xiàn)在完成時(含since和for)(見學(xué)生用書P131)(見本書P153) 動詞的時態(tài)1We hope to manage our own lives because we _ up.(2015，遼陽，6題)AgrewBhave grownCgrow Dwere growing【解析】本題考查動

7、詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)前半句We hope to manage our own lives可知，因為我們已經(jīng)長大了，希望能管理自己的生活，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，因此用現(xiàn)在完成時，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：have/has過去分詞。B2Whatre you doing here？(2015，本溪，9題)My daughter _ back.Im waiting for her.Ahasnt come Bwasnt comingCdidnt come Dwont come【解析】本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)下文Im waiting for her.可知他的女兒還沒有回來，用現(xiàn)在完成時表示動作還沒有結(jié)束?，F(xiàn)在完成時可以表示從過去開始發(fā)生的

8、動作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，有可能馬上結(jié)束，但也有可能持續(xù)下去。A3Thirtyeight pandas _ the zoos of other countries as guests so far.(2014，撫順，10題)Aare visiting Bwere visitingChave visited Dwill visit【解析】本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為：目前為止，已經(jīng)有38只大熊貓作為客人拜訪了其他國家的動物園。結(jié)合語境可知本句描述的是現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成的動作，故用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。選C。4May I speak to Mr. Black?Sorry，he _ Hong Kong.But he _ ba

9、ck in a few days.(2014，朝陽，33題)Ahas been in；will come Bhas been in；cameChas gone to；came Dhas gone to；will come【解析】本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)回答sorry可知布萊克先生不在，他已經(jīng)去了香港。has gone to意為“去了”；再由in a few days意為“幾天后”，可判斷用一般將來時。CD5He _ a member of the school basketball team since two years ago.(2014，錦州，15題)Ajoined Bhas becom

10、eChas joined Dhas been【解析】本題考查動詞及其時態(tài)辨析。join加入；become變成；be成為。句意為：自從兩年前，他就成為了?；@球隊的一員。結(jié)合語境可知本句描述的是從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作，故用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。be come強(qiáng)調(diào)自身性質(zhì)的變化，所以應(yīng)該用be的現(xiàn)在完成時，故選D。6Monica，you _ the match！Congratulations！(2014，葫蘆島，49題)Awin Bhave wonCwill win Dare winning【解析】本題考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)下文“Congratulations！”，可以得知已經(jīng)贏得了比賽，現(xiàn)在完成時hav

11、e done表示已經(jīng)完成的動作，故選B。DB7_ you _ the door?Not yet.Ill do it right now.(2013，撫順，3題)AHave；locked BDid；lockCAre；locking DWill；lock【解析】本題考查現(xiàn)在完成時的用法。句意為“你_門了嗎？”“”“還沒有，我馬上去鎖?！県ave locked為現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)；did lock為一般過去時態(tài)；are locking為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)；will lock為一般將來時態(tài)。根據(jù)回答中的yet可確定應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)，故選A。A8Are you going to return the book to

12、 the library?Yes，I _ it for more than two weeks.(2013，鐵嶺，4題)Aborrowed Bhave borrowedCkept Dhave kept【解析】本題考查現(xiàn)在完在時的用法。句意為：“你打算把這本書還給圖書館了嗎？”“”“是的，我已經(jīng)_兩個多星期了?！眆or more than two weeks為一段時間，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)，且應(yīng)用延續(xù)性動詞，keep為延續(xù)性動詞，表示借了，故選D。D9Hello，Lisa.Whats the matter?I _ find my mobile phone._ you seen it？(2013，朝陽

13、，13題)Acant；Have Bcouldnt；DidCneed；Had Dmust；Are【解析】本題考查情態(tài)動詞和現(xiàn)在完成時的用法。句意為：“麗莎，怎么了？”“”“我找不到我的手機(jī)了，你看到了嗎？”cant不能；couldnt不能(用作過去時)；need需要；must必須。句意為不能找到手機(jī)因此用cant，句中看到手機(jī)應(yīng)該是已經(jīng)完成的動作，因此應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時。故選A。A10Have you _ been to Hainan?No，Ive _ been there.(2013，鞍山，35題)Anever；ever Bever；neverCoften；always Dalways；ofte

14、n【解析】本題考查現(xiàn)在完成時。句意為：“你_去過海南嗎？”“”“沒有，我_去過那里?！眅ver曾經(jīng)；never從不；often經(jīng)常；always總是。often與always通常用于一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)中；ever用于疑問句中；never用于肯定句中表示否定概念，故選B。B11You should buy a new mobile phone.This one is out of style.(2013，鞍山，42題)I agree with you.I _ it for 5 years.Abought Bhave boughtChave had Dbuy【解析】本題考查現(xiàn)在完成時的延續(xù)性動詞。句意為

15、：“你應(yīng)該買一個新手機(jī)了，這個過時了?！薄啊薄拔彝饽愕目捶āＮ乙呀?jīng)擁有它五年了?！眆or一段時間應(yīng)用延續(xù)性動詞，bought一般過去時；have bought現(xiàn)在完成時；have had現(xiàn)在完成時的延續(xù)性動詞；buy動詞原形。此句應(yīng)使用延續(xù)性動詞，故選C。C12This is the first time I _ a baseball game.(2013，葫蘆島，49題)Aam watching Bwas watchingChave watched Dwill watch【解析】本題考查現(xiàn)在完成時的用法。句意為：這是我第一次_一場棒球比賽。am watching現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時；will wat

16、ch現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時；was watching過去進(jìn)行時；have watched現(xiàn)在完成時；will watch一般將來時。由the first time可知本句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)，這里的time作“次數(shù)”講，而不是作“時間”講。確切地說，只要是“序數(shù)詞time”后面就要接相應(yīng)的完成時。故選C。C詞匯類13The visitors _ the USA arrived _ Beijing Station last Friday morning.(2015，朝陽，26題)Aof；to Bof；onCfrom；at Dfrom；on【解析】本題考查介詞的用法。來自美國的游客使用介詞from，from意為“

17、來自”，后可接國家，表示來自哪個地方；arrive at/in意為“到達(dá)”，因此只有C項符合題意。14In America，you can open your presents immediately.You dont have to _！(2015，大連，7題)Apay BwaitCcheck Dprepare【解析】本題考查動詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)上文immediately可知在美國可以馬上打開禮物，不用等。pay意為“付錢”；check意為“查看”；prepare意為“準(zhǔn)備”。CB15The song Where did the time go？_ the old days and the l

18、ove of my family.Sure.Its my favorite song.(2015，丹東，27題)Ahelps me out Bcheers me upCregards me as Dreminds me of【解析】本題考查動詞短語辨析。remind sb. of意為“使某人想起”，根據(jù)題意，時間都去哪了？這首歌使我想起過去的時光。help sb. out意為“幫助某人解決困難”；cheer sb. up意為“使某人振作起來”；regard sb. as意為“把某人當(dāng)作?！盌16Hello，Mom，Ive arrived in Beijing _Please dont worr

19、y about me.OK，dear.(2013，遼陽，6題)AcarefullyBsafelyCslowlyDclearly【解析】本題考查副詞詞義辨析。句意為：“媽媽，我已經(jīng)_到達(dá)北京了，別擔(dān)心我了?！薄昂玫?，親愛的?！眂arefully小心地；safely安全地；slowly慢慢地；clearly清楚地。聯(lián)系空格后不用擔(dān)心的意思，應(yīng)該是安全到達(dá)，故選B。B17_ books were sent to a poor mountain village school by the volunteers before New Year.(2013，鞍山，43題)ATwo thousands of

20、 BTwo thousandCTwo thousand of DTwo thousands【解析】本題考查數(shù)詞的用法。句意為：_書已經(jīng)在新年前被志愿者們送到一個偏遠(yuǎn)的山區(qū)學(xué)校了。數(shù)詞thousand前有具體數(shù)字時，應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式，后不能跟of連用；如果沒有具體數(shù)字時應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，且后面跟有of。故應(yīng)選B。B182013 World Landscape Art Exposition (世界園林博覽會) attracts _ people every day.(2013，盤錦，2題)Athousand of Bthousands ofCthousand Dthousands【解析】本題考查概數(shù)詞的用

21、法。句意為：2013世界園林博覽會每天吸引_人。thousand作“具體數(shù)字”用時，不用復(fù)數(shù)形式；若泛指許多時，則用復(fù)數(shù)，且常與介詞of連用，構(gòu)成短語thousands of。根據(jù)people前沒有具體數(shù)字修飾可知表示泛指，用復(fù)數(shù)of。故選B。B19The teacher always encourages us _ ideas with each other.(2013，葫蘆島，44題)Ashare BsharedCsharing Dto share【解析】本題考查非謂語動詞。句意為：老師經(jīng)常鼓勵我們分享彼此的想法。share動詞原形，作謂語；shared過去式，作謂語；sharing現(xiàn)在分

22、詞形式，非謂語；to share動詞不定式，非謂語。由encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓勵某人做某事”這一固定用法可知應(yīng)選D。 Dthree quarters【典例在線】Three fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.地球表面的四分之三是海洋。Two thirds of the new students are from No.1 Middle School.三分之二的新生來自第一中學(xué)。【拓展精析】three quarters四分之三。英語中分?jǐn)?shù)的表示法為：分子分母。通常分子是基數(shù)詞，分母是序數(shù)詞，若分子大于一，則分母用復(fù)數(shù)形

23、式。如1/5 one fifth，4/5 four fifths。若表示“中的幾分之幾”，常用“分?jǐn)?shù)of名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，此結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時，謂語動詞與名詞在數(shù)上保持一致?！净顚W(xué)活用】1)_ of the students in our class _ girls.(2015，沈陽模擬)ATwo fifth；isBTwo fifth；areCTwo fifths；are DTwo fifths；isCwhenever【典例在線】You can ask for help whenever you need it.你無論何時需要幫助都可以提出來。Whatever you say，Ill believe yo

24、u.無論你說什么，我都相信你。Whoever telephones，tell him (her) Im out.不管是誰打電話，告訴他(她)我出去了?！就卣咕觥縲henever意為“在任何時候；無論何時”，與no matter when同義。作連詞可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。類似的詞還有whatever(無論什么)，wherever(無論哪里)，whoever(無論誰)等?！净顚W(xué)活用】2)Kates dad is getting old.She will go back home to see him _ it is convenient.(2015，朝陽模擬)Abecause BalthoughC

25、whenever DunlessCregard【典例在線】She regards the books as good friends.她把書當(dāng)作好朋友?！就卣咕觥縭egard意為“將認(rèn)為；把視為”。常見用法有regard sb./sth.as.表示“將某人/某物看作”。【活學(xué)活用】3)史蒂芬霍金把他的許多身體問題看得不重要。(2015，隨州)Stephen Hawking _ his many physical problems _ unimportant.regardsasespecially【典例在線】Flowers are always welcomed，especially in w

26、inter.鮮花總是受到歡迎，尤其是在冬天。【拓展精析】especially副詞，意為“尤其；特別；格外”，在句中常用作狀語，用于列舉某個特例或某事物的特殊性。其形容詞形式為especial，意為“特別的；特殊的”?！净顚W(xué)活用】4)The city of Harbin is beautiful all the year around，_ in winter.Ice lanterns decorate streets and attract plenty of tourists.(2015，葫蘆島模擬)Aespecially BgenerallyCprobably DsuddenlyAIve n

27、ever been to a water park.我從來沒有去過水上公園。Me neither.我也沒去過?！镜淅诰€】She doesnt like playing basketball.她不喜歡打籃球。Me neither.我也不喜歡。He can speak English.他會講英語。Me too.我也會?！就卣咕觥縈e neither意為“我也不”。表示前一句所述的否定情況也適用于后者時，可用此簡略形式。Me too意為“我也一樣”。表示前一句所述的肯定情況也適用于后者時，可用此簡略形式?！净顚W(xué)活用】1)He didnt finish his homework yesterday

28、._(我也沒有。)Me neitherAmong these is Zhong Wei，a 46yearold husband and father.鐘偉，一位46歲的丈夫和父親，就是其中的一位。【典例在線】Tom is a 10yearold boy.Tom is a boy of 10 years old.湯姆是一個10歲的男孩?！就卣咕觥?6yearold是一個復(fù)合形容詞，在句中作定語。這種復(fù)合形容詞有兩個特點：一是數(shù)詞、名詞、形容詞之間要用連字符連接，二是數(shù)詞后的名詞用單數(shù)形式。另一種類似的復(fù)合形容詞作定語的結(jié)構(gòu)是：數(shù)詞連字符“”名詞(單數(shù))。【活學(xué)活用】2)The winner o

29、f the singing competition was a _ girl named Zhang Mei from China.A19yearsold B19yearoldC19yearolds D19 years old3)The park is far away from here indeed.Its about _ walk.Aa three hour Ba three hoursCa threehours Da threehourBDI have had this bike for three years.這輛自行車我已經(jīng)買了三年了。【典例在線】She has worked he

30、re for five years.她在這兒工作五年了。He has been in the army for two years.他參軍已經(jīng)兩年了?！就卣咕觥吭诂F(xiàn)在完成時中，與表示一段時間的時間狀語連用時，謂語動詞通常用延續(xù)性動詞。如：learn，be，work，know，keep，have等。【活學(xué)活用】4)What a nice bike！How long _ you it?Just for five weeks.(2015，營口模擬)Awill；buy Bdid；buyCare；having Dhave；had5)Our teachers are very friendly to u

31、s.We _ friends since three years ago.Abecame Bhave beenCwere Dhave becomeDBhave/has been to，have/has gone to，have/has been in【典例在線】I have never been to a water park.我從來都沒有去過水上公園。Wheres Kathy？凱西在哪里？Shes gone to Shanghai.她去上海了。He has been in Beijing for ten years.他在北京10年了?！就卣咕觥縣ave been to“曾經(jīng)去過，人已經(jīng)回來

32、了”，常與ever或never連用，也可與表示次數(shù)的詞連用，表示“去過(某地)幾次”。have gone to“去了”，在去某地的路上或已經(jīng)在某地，人還未回來，只能用于第三人稱。have been in“已經(jīng)在(某地)”，常與一段時間連用。【活學(xué)活用】1)Where is Mr.Wang?He together with his students _ Zhuyuwan Park.(2015，朝陽模擬)Ahas gone to Bhave gone toChas been to Dhave been to2)I _ to Rongjiang last year.But I _ never _ t

33、o Congjiang.Awent；have been Bwill go；have beenCwent；have gone Dgo；have goneAAsince，for【典例在線】My aunt has worked in a bank since 1992.自從1992年我姑姑就在一家銀行工作。I have been in Beijing since I left home.自從離開家我就在北京了。Weve known each other for more than two years.我們認(rèn)識兩年多了?！就卣咕觥楷F(xiàn)在完成時常和since及for引導(dǎo)的時間狀語連用。since之后常接

34、過去一個時間點(如具體的年、月、日、鐘點)；一段時間ago；從句(從句多用一般過去時)來說明動作起始時間。for之后常接時間段，說明某種情況已經(jīng)持續(xù)了一段時間。句中的謂語動詞應(yīng)用延續(xù)性動詞。現(xiàn)在完成時中，對一段時間提問，常用how long?！净顚W(xué)活用】3)How long have you lived in the new flat?_ 2012.(2015，鐵嶺模擬)AInBAfterCSinceDBefore4)Im looking after Tom today.Hes been in my house _ 8：00 this morning.(2015，沈陽模擬)Aat Bfor C

35、since DtillCCdo with，deal with【典例在線】I dont know how they deal with the problem.I dont know what they do with the problem.我不知道他們是如何處理這個問題的?！就卣咕觥績烧叨急硎尽疤幚怼?。但do with常和疑問詞what連用；deal with常和疑問詞how連用。【活學(xué)活用】5)Many students dont know how to _ stress and become worried.I think theyd better ask their teachers

36、 for help.Aargue with Bdeal withCquarrel with Dcome up withB一、單項選擇。1Nowadays _ of business letters are written in English.Atwo third Btwo thirdsCtwo three Dsecond three2Is Mr. Smith in Shanghai?Yes，he _ there several times.Ahas been Bhas goneChas been to Dhas gone to3Im sorry，Lucy.I _ your computer

37、for such a long time.Never mind.(2015，錦州模擬)Ahave borrowed Bhave lentChave kept Dhave returnedBAC4Liu Ming，is that our headteacher over there?It cant be him.He _ Xiamen for a meeting.Ahas been to Bhas gone toChas been away Dhas gone5The famous writer _ a new book in the past two years.Ais writing Bwi

38、ll writeCwrites Dhas writtenBD二、根據(jù)所給中文完成句子翻譯。6說實話，我不想和他們一起去看電影。(2016，預(yù)測)To _，I wouldnt like to go to the movies with them.7我們至少需要24小時來準(zhǔn)備。(2015，阜新模擬)We need _ 24 hours to prepare.8另一方面，在新加坡你能提高你的英語。_，you can improve your English in Singapore.9他準(zhǔn)時到達(dá)這里是沒有任何問題的。He wont _ here on time.10幾天之后，他離開了北京。After

39、 _ days，he left Beijing. be honestat leastOn the other handhave any problem arrivinga couple of寫作典例之旅游與安全(一)(2014，營口)我們的家鄉(xiāng)美麗富饒，人民善良淳樸，是旅游觀光的勝地。請根據(jù)所給的信息向來自四海的賓朋介紹我們可愛的家鄉(xiāng)！溫馨提示：1根據(jù)表格所給內(nèi)容，請做適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，以“My hometown”為題寫一篇短文。2書寫工整、規(guī)范，語言表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確，語意通順、連貫，文中不得出現(xiàn)真實校名和姓名。3詞數(shù)：6080詞。文章的開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。4參考詞匯：seafood，be famous

40、 for，hardworking，hot springs，make a contribution to(為做貢獻(xiàn))【寫作指導(dǎo)】作文的要求已給出，要寫一篇介紹家鄉(xiāng)的作文。作文除了包含給出的要點外，還需要自己充分發(fā)揮語言能力和想象力。作文應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)和第一人稱?！痉段男蕾p】My HometownWelcome_to_my_hometown.My_hometown lies in the east of Liaoning Province.Its near Bohai Bay，so the weather is neither too cold nor too hot.Its famous fo

41、r many popular sights，seafood and rice.If you come to my hometown，you may swim in the sea，climb the mountains，and you can also enjoy hot springs.At the same time，you can also taste all kinds of seafood and special snacks.The people here are very hardworking and friendly.In order to make my hometown

42、more and more beautiful，I must study very hard and make a contribution to my hometown.I love my hometown.(二)(2015，茂名)暑假期間，越來越多的外國人到中國旅游。請你用英語寫一篇短文，向外國游客簡單介紹一下中國的情況。內(nèi)容包括：1對外國游客表示熱烈歡迎；2中國地域遼闊，南北氣候差別大；3旅游景點眾多，高山大河，美麗如畫；4人口最多，國家日益強(qiáng)大；5人民勤勞、善良，熱愛和平。寫作要求：1信息完整，內(nèi)容合理。2句子結(jié)構(gòu)準(zhǔn)確，篇章結(jié)構(gòu)連貫，詞數(shù)不少于80。3文中不能出現(xiàn)真實姓名和學(xué)校名稱?！?/p>

43、范文欣賞】Ladies and gentlemen，youre warmly welcome to China.Now let me tell you something about the country.China is so large that its climates are quite different from the north to the south.There are many wonderful scenic spots.The high mountains and long rivers are as beautiful as delightful pictures.China has the largest population in the world and she is becoming stronger and stronger.Chinese people love peace and they are kind and hardworking.Im sure you will have a good trip in the country.