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1、Professional English for Industrial Design工業(yè)設計專業(yè)英語產(chǎn)品設計F11O1201125010214Ludwing Mies Van der RoheLudwing MiesVan der Rohe18861969（路德維希密斯凡德羅）In 1886, after Mies was born in Germany Aachen to set up his own laboratory was renamed the Mies Van der Rohe.Mies was originally a mason, young study background

2、, even without a formal high school education. But its impact on modern architecture, has been difficult to surpass.1886年，密斯生于德國亞琛建立自己的實驗室之后便更名為密斯凡德羅。密斯原本為一石匠，年輕時苦學出身，甚至沒有正式的高中學歷。但是它對現(xiàn)代建筑的影響，已很難有人能超越。For the building itself, Mies is not the same as the other three people in style but architectural c

3、oncept.Mies work with Gropius in 1908 to 1911 years and the architect Peter Behrens, and study many things from the middle school. The German born architect moved to America in 1937, served as the director of Chicago Institute of Architecture Department of amor in 1938 to 1958 . 對于建筑本身而言,密斯在風格上與他們?nèi)?/p>

4、還是不盡相同，但在建筑理念上，總體還是差不多的。 密斯和格羅皮烏斯在19081911年間與著名建筑大師彼得貝倫斯一起工作，并從中學到了相當多的東西。這位德國土生土長的建筑師于1937年移居美國，19381958年任芝加哥阿莫爾學院建筑系主任。Mies Van der Rohe was one of the famous architects with Walter Gropius ,Frank Lloyd Wright and Le Corbusier. 密斯凡德羅是同瓦爾特格羅皮烏斯、弗蘭克勞埃德賴特、勒柯布西耶齊名的著名建筑師之一。 Mies Van der Rohe is one of

5、the founders of modernism, the mid twentieth Century four masters of modern architecture is one of the most famous in the world, the third president of Bauhaus. Because the tendency of the Bauhaus and socialism are not the Nazi authorities inclusive, so was forced to shut down. Mies and President Gr

6、opius exiled to America, as the Illinois Institute of architecture. 密斯凡德羅是現(xiàn)代主義的奠基者之一，二十世紀中期世界上最著名的四位現(xiàn)代建筑大師之一，包豪斯第三任校長。 因為包豪斯傾向及社會主義色彩不被納粹當局包容，所以被迫關閉。密斯與校長格羅皮烏斯等人流亡到美國，出任伊利諾理工學院建筑系主任。National Gallery Berlin, Germany德國柏林新國家美術(shù)館National Gallery was designed by Mies van der Rohe, built in 1968, which in

7、itself is a steel and glass sculpture, the ground floor gallery is only as a temporary exhibition of art, mainly display in the lower layer, other service facilities in the ground. The museum was completed in a womans death, his exploration of the steel and glass of pure artistic style of song, some

8、 call it is steel and glass of modern parthenon. 德國柏林新國家美術(shù)館是由密斯凡德羅設計，于1968建成，其本身是一件鋼與玻璃的雕塑，美術(shù)館的地面層只作臨時性展覽之用，主要美術(shù)品陳列在地下層中，其他服務設施也在地下。這座美術(shù)館在密斯逝世后才完工，是他畢生探索的鋼與玻璃的純凈建筑藝術(shù)風格的絕唱，有人稱它是鋼與玻璃的現(xiàn)代“帕特農(nóng)神廟”。Farnsworth house范士沃斯住宅F(xiàn)arnsworth housewas built in Illinois USA in 1946. It just like an overhead with transp

9、arent glass box, crystal purity. 范士沃斯住宅于1946年建成于美國伊利諾斯州，她就像一個架空的四邊透明的玻璃盒子，水晶一般純凈。German Pavilion of Barcelona International Fair,Spain西班牙巴塞羅那博覽會德國館 巴塞羅那國際博覽會德國館，密斯范德羅的代表作品，建成于1929年，博覽會結(jié)束后該館也隨之拆除，其存在時間不足半年，但其所產(chǎn)生的重大影響一直持續(xù)著。密斯認為，當代博覽會不應再具有富麗堂皇和競市角遂功能的設計思想，應該跨進文化領域的哲學園地，建筑本身就是展品的主體。密斯范德羅在這里實現(xiàn)了他的技術(shù)與文化融合的

10、理想。在密斯看來，建筑最佳的處理方法就是盡量以平淡如水的敘事口吻直接切入到建筑的本質(zhì)：空間、構(gòu)造、模數(shù)和形態(tài)。angle and function, should be entered the garden culture philosophy field, the building itself is the main exhibits. Mies Van de Lo achieved his technology and ideal of cultural fusion in here. In a woman, the best solution for a building is as

11、far as insipid as water directly i nt o t he na r r a t i v e n a t u r e o f Architecture: space, structure, module and morphology.German Pavilion of Barcelona International Fair, the representative works of Mies Van der Rohe, built in 1929, after the fair to the museum have been dismantled, the ex

12、istence of time less than half a year, but a significant impact of the continued. Smith thought, contemporary Expo should no longer has the design idea of magnificence and competing, German Pavilion of Barcelona International Fair,Spain西班牙巴塞羅那博覽會德國館In order to welcome the king and queen of Spain, Ba

13、rcelona chair was designed by Mies on Barcelona world fair in 1929, coordinated with the famous German museum. This volume oversized chairs also clearly shows a noble and dignified identity. The Expo is Smiths masterpiece, but because of the unique design idea of architecture, but no suitable furnit

14、ure and a lining, so he had to be specially designed to meet the king and queen of Barcelona chair. 巴塞羅那椅由密斯在1929年巴塞羅那世界博覽會上，為了歡迎西班牙國王和王后而設計，同著名的德國館相協(xié)調(diào)。這件體量超大的椅子也明確顯示出高貴而莊重的身份。當年的世博會德國館是密斯的代表作，但由于建筑的設計意念獨特，竟沒有合適的家具與其搭襯，所以他不得不專門設計了巴塞羅那椅來迎接國王和王后。New York Seagram Building紐約西格拉姆大廈After the two world war

15、s of the 50s, pay attention to the tendency of fine technical to western architectural field dominance. And it also represents the Smith, the pursuit of pure, transparent and accurate steel construction glass box as this tendency. Seagram Building is the classic works of this kind of tendency.The bu

16、ildings main cuboids which is erected, except ground floor, building curtain wall steep, neat and tidy, no change. Window frames are made with copper, the wall also projected an I-shaped cross section copper strip, increase the concavo convex wall and vertical upward momentum. The details of the who

17、le building have been carefully considered, concise and meticulous, highlighting the material and the process of aesthetic Lu quality. The girl I am in the Seagram Building skyscraper idea in the early 20s, is considered one of the classic works of modern architecture. 二次大戰(zhàn)后的50年代，講究技術(shù)精美的傾向要西方建筑界占有主導

18、地位。而人們又把密斯追求純凈、透明和施工精確的鋼鐵玻璃盒子作為這種傾向的代表。西格拉姆大廈正是這種傾向的典范作品。 大廈主體現(xiàn)為豎立的長方體，除底層外，大樓的幕墻墻面直上直下，整齊劃一，沒有變化。窗框用銅材制成，墻面上還凸出一條工字形斷面的銅條，增加墻面的凹凸感和垂直向上的氣勢。整個建筑的細部處理都經(jīng)過慎重的推敲，簡潔細致，突出材質(zhì)和工藝的審美呂質(zhì)。西格拉姆大廈實現(xiàn)了密斯本人在20年代初的摩天樓構(gòu)想，被認為是現(xiàn)代建筑的經(jīng)典作品之一。Although Mies Van der Rohe died more than 20 years, but the style and the exquisit

19、e his emphasis on technology with less is how to advocate and the use of glass, greatly enriched the art of architecture, the Seagram Building became his best monument. When people see the building, they will think of this one outstanding architectural designer. 雖然密斯凡德羅去逝二十多年了，但他那種講求技術(shù)的精美的風格和那種以“少”就

20、是“多”的主張以及對玻璃的使用，大大豐富了建筑藝術(shù)，西格拉姆大廈就成了他最好的紀念碑。每當人們看到這座大廈，就會想起這一位杰出的建筑設計師。Design idea and styleArchitectural design philosophy of Mies Van de Roden less is more new concept of space of flows, advocated in the processing technique. Each detail down to the absolute realm can not be streamlined his design

21、works, many works structure is almost completely exposed, but they are noble, elegant, the structure itself has been rising Huawei architectural art. Because the form of simple, easy to imitate, so soon affect all over the world, also affect the other is design field, so it is called international s

22、tyle. But today the international style has a lack of early modernism black hand Bang style social ideal and critical spirit. Later imitators may not be as Mies general attention on details of the structure.Mies played a considerable role in many fields, he said in his autobiography: I dont think is

23、 wonderful, just want to better! Work in Chicago, Illinois Institute on the occasion, Lake Shore Drive Apartments and fully display his talent in science and technology era building. Until his death in 1969, Mies has been engaged in the design work alone stay in the apartment building in Chicago. 密斯

24、凡德羅堅持“少就是多”的建筑設計哲學，在處理手法上主張流動空間的新概念。他的設計作品中各個細部精簡到不可精簡的絕對境界，不少作品結(jié)構(gòu)幾乎完全暴露，但是它們高貴、雅致，已使結(jié)構(gòu)本身升華為建筑藝術(shù)。由于形式上的精簡，容易模仿，因此很快影響到世界各地，也影響了其它是的設計領域，因此被稱為“國際風格”。然而時至今日國際風格卻已缺乏早期現(xiàn)代主義烏扥邦式的社會理想及批判精神。后來的模仿者未必如密斯一般注重對細部結(jié)構(gòu)的處理。 密斯在很多領域中都起了相當?shù)淖饔?，他在自傳中說道：“我不想很精彩，只想更好！”在芝加哥伊利諾工學院工作之際，由他設計的湖濱公寓（Lake Shore Drive Apartments）充分展示了他在科技時代的建筑天才。直到1969年去世，密斯 一直孤身呆在芝加哥公寓里從事設計工作。THE ENDTHAKS FOR WATCH