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1、UNIT 5FIRST AID單詞注釋難句剖析導(dǎo)讀誘思看到老人或小孩摔倒在地時,你知道該如何救助嗎?Dealing with fallsFalls are common in young children and old people.Although most falls result in slight bumps and bruises,some falls can cause serious injuries that require immediate medical attention. Do not move the person and call for emergency h

2、elp if the person: has seriously injured the head,neck,or back is unconscious or briefly unconscious is having difficulty breathing isnt breathing has clear liquid or blood coming from the nose,ears or mouth單詞注釋難句剖析導(dǎo)讀誘思Call a doctor or seek medical attention if the person: becomes very sleepy and is

3、 difficult to wake up vomits more than two or three times complains of neck or back pain complains of increasing pain anywhere on the body isnt walking normally doesnt seem to be focusing his or her eyes normally has any behavior or symptoms that worry youIf you think its safe to move the person: pl

4、ace an ice pack on any bumps or bruises let the person rest,as needed,for the next few hours watch the person closely for the next 24 hours for any unusual symptoms or behavior單詞注釋難句剖析導(dǎo)讀誘思Think prevention!Never leave young children on any bed or other furniture alone.Always fasten children into high

5、 chairs or shopping carts.Always fasten kids into safety seats when riding in motor vehicles,and make sure they always wear helmets when biking or skating or when using skateboards.Note:All information is for educational purposes only.For specific medical advice,consult a doctor.單詞注釋難句剖析導(dǎo)讀誘思bump /bm

6、p/ n.腫塊unconscious /nkns/ adj.失去知覺的vomit /vmIt/ v.嘔吐helmet /helmIt/ n.頭盔難句剖析導(dǎo)讀誘思單詞注釋Although most falls result in slight bumps and bruises,some falls can cause serious injuries that require immediate medical attention.譯文:盡管大多數(shù)摔跤只會造成輕微腫脹和瘀青,但有些摔跤會造成嚴(yán)重傷害,需要立即進(jìn)行醫(yī)療救治。剖析:本句是復(fù)合句,although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。在主句中that

7、require.attention是定語從句,修飾先行詞injuries。難句剖析導(dǎo)讀誘思單詞注釋1.What should you do if you find a person falling down and having trouble breathing?答案:Call for emergency help.2.What should you do if the person complains of neck or back pain?答案:Call a doctor or seek medical attention.SECTION WARMING UP,PRE-READING,

8、READING & COMPREHENDING一二三四Pre-reading一、在我們的日常生活中,經(jīng)常會發(fā)生一些意外的事情。請看下面的圖片,想一想,圖片中的人發(fā)生了什么意外一二三四1.The girl in Picture A .2.The girl in Picture B .3.The man in Picture C .4.The woman in Picture D .cuts her finger burns her hand gets an electric shock is drowning 一二三四二、翻譯下列短語A.溫故:從文中找出下列短語并寫出它們的漢語意思1.act a

9、s 2.prevent .from doing sth 3.sense of touch 4.get burned 5.a variety of 擔(dān)當(dāng);起作用 阻止做某事 觸覺 被燒傷 多種多樣 一二三四B.知新:從文中找出與下列釋義相對應(yīng)的英文 1.生病 2.在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?3.觸電;電休克 4.急救 5.榨出;擠出 6.反復(fù);多次 fall ill in place electric shock first aid squeeze out over and over again 一二三四三、閱讀課文FIRST AID FOR BURNS,回答下列問題1.What is your bodys

10、largest organ?A.The head.B.The skin.C.The leg.D.The arm.2.How many types of burns are there altogether?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.答案:B 答案:C 一二三四3.Burns caused by hot liquids are usually thought to be . A.first degree burnsB.second degree burnsC.third degree burnsD.the most severe burns4.What are cha

11、racteristics of first degree burns?A.Black and white and charred.B.Rough,red and swollen.C.Rough,red and dry.D.Dry,red and mildly swollen.答案:B 答案:D 一二三四5.When someone is burned,what should be done first?A.Remove clothing.B.Dry the burned area gently.C.Cool burns immediately.D.Get the victim to the d

12、octor or hospital.答案:A 一二三四四、根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容填空First aid is a temporary form of help 1.(give)to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets 2. (injure)before a doctor can 3. (find).In this passage,we have studied the first aid for burns.The skin is an essential part of your body.It keeps you warm or cool.It preven

13、ts your body 4.(lose)too much water.You can get burned 5. hot liquids,steam,fire,radiation and so on.There are three types of burns 6.(call)first,second and third degree burns.When someone gets burned,we will carry out first aid 7.(treat)by different degrees.Remove clothing from the burned area 8. i

14、t is stuck 9. the burn.Cover the burned area with a dry,clean bandage 10. will not stick to the skin.Then immediately take him or her to the hospital. given injured be found from losing by called treatment unless to that 12341.First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls

15、 ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.急救是在找到醫(yī)生之前,對突然病倒或受傷人員的一種臨時救助。剖析本句的主干是First aid is a temporary form of help,before引導(dǎo)的是一個時間狀語從句;在主句中還包含了一個由who引導(dǎo)的定語從句,修飾先行詞someone;given to someone是過去分詞短語作后置定語修飾a temporary form of help。567891234考點(diǎn)一 aid n.& vt.幫助;援助;資助She came quickly to his aid.她急忙來幫助

16、他。Were collecting money in aid of cancer research.我們正籌集資金以資助癌癥研究。The people all over the world aided them with money,medicine and other things.全世界人民在金錢、藥品和其他物品方面援助他們。歸納:詞組come to ones aid的含義是“去幫助某人”;詞組in aid of的含義是“用以援(資)助,作為援(資)助之用”;詞組aid sb with sth的含義是:在某方面幫助某人。567891234aid的其他常用短語:do/give first a

17、id(對傷患者)進(jìn)行急救with the aid/help of sb=with sbs aid/help 在某人的幫助下aid sb to do sth幫助某人去做某事aid sb in doing sth幫助某人做某事567891234考點(diǎn)二 fall ill生病The famous actor fell ill because of that long journey.那位著名的演員由于那次漫長的旅行生病了。注意:fall在這里是連系動詞,在短語中意為“變得,變成”。類似的短語還有:fall asleep 入睡fall silent 沉默fall in love 相愛辨析:fall il

18、l和be illfall ill表示動作,不和一段時間連用。be ill表示生病的狀態(tài),常和一段時間連用。567891234考點(diǎn)三 injure用作及物動詞,意為“使受傷”。In the traffic accident sixteen people were killed and twenty-three people were injured.在那次交通事故中,16人死亡,23人受傷。1)injury n.損傷;傷害 In the accident he suffered severe injuries to the head and arms.在事故中他的頭部和雙臂受了重傷。2)inju

19、red adj.受傷的the injured受傷的人們The injured in this accident were sent to the nearest hospital.這次事故中受傷的人們被送往最近的醫(yī)院。567891234活學(xué)活用語法填空1)When we meet these injuries,we should do first aid to the(injure) or call the First Aid Center. 2)I havent seen Tom recently.Whats wrong with him?Oh,Im sorry to tell you he

20、 has (fall) ill. 句子翻譯3)他在踢足球的時候傷了膝蓋。(injure)4)我打算幫助她學(xué)習(xí)英語。(aid)5)他什么時候生病的?(fall ill)injured fallen 答案:He injured his knee while(he was) playing football. 答案:Im going to aid her to learn English./Im going to aid her in learning English./Im going to aid her with English.答案:When did he fall ill? 5678912

21、342.If possible,discuss what kind of first aid you should give in these situations.如果可能的話,討論一下在這些情況下你們應(yīng)該實(shí)施哪種急救。剖析 if possible為省略句結(jié)構(gòu),完整的句子是If it is possible。Call me tonight if (it is) possible.如果可能的話,今晚給我打個電話。Whenever (it is) possible,he will come to my aid.他一有可能就來幫助我。When(I was) waiting for a bus,I

22、met Tom.我在等公交車時碰到了湯姆。注意:從句結(jié)構(gòu)為連詞+it is (was)+形容詞時,其從句結(jié)構(gòu)可省略為連詞加形容詞;另外,由once,if,as,unless,though,when等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句,如果主句主語和從句主語一致,且從句中謂語動詞是be+v.-ed或v.-ing時,其從句結(jié)構(gòu)可省略為連詞加v.-ed或v.-ing。567891234if any 如果有的話(表示數(shù)量)if ever 如果曾經(jīng)的話(表示頻率)if so 如果是的話if not 如果不是的話Errors should be corrected,if any.如果有什么錯誤,就應(yīng)該改正。I seldom

23、see him,if ever.即使我見過他,次數(shù)也不多。It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine.If so,wed better take it to the garage immediately.聽起來車的發(fā)動機(jī)出問題了,如果這樣的話,我們最好送去修車廠。567891234活學(xué)活用語法填空1)How are they getting on with their work?All goes well as (plan). 2)I will come to your birthday party possible. 句子翻譯

24、3)如果有必要的話,我們可以向他求助。把下面的句子補(bǔ)充完整4)The actor threw himself off the horse as if shot. planned if 答案:If necessary,we may/can turn to him for help. he was 5678912343.So as you can imagine,if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.因此,你可以想象到,如果你的皮膚燒傷了,就可能非常嚴(yán)重。剖析1)本句是一個復(fù)合句,as you can imagine是一個插入語。2)if引

25、導(dǎo)的是一個條件狀語從句,其中g(shù)et burned是“系動詞+過去分詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)?！癵et+過去分詞”的用法:get被用來代替助動詞be和過去分詞連用,構(gòu)成被動結(jié)構(gòu),表示某一事件或事故的發(fā)生,著重強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的發(fā)生。The dog got killed when it was crossing the road.那條狗過馬路時被車撞死了。567891234His money got stolen while he was shopping.他在購物的時候錢被偷了。She got (herself) paid before she went on a holiday.她在休假前(設(shè)法)領(lǐng)到了工資。3)表

26、示狀態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)化get married 結(jié)婚get dressed 穿衣服get changed 換衣服567891234活學(xué)活用語法填空1)Construction workers usually get (pay) by the day. 2)Jane,hurry up.Im afraid you wont have time to get (change) before the party. 3)He got (hit) by a ball when he passed the playground. 4)His finger got (catch) in the door. paid ch

27、anged hit caught 567891234567894.You can get burned by a variety of things:hot liquids,steam,fire,radiation(by being close to high heat or fire,etc),the sun,electricity or chemicals.你可能由于各種原因而燒傷:灼熱的液體、水蒸氣、火、輻射(由于靠近高溫或大火等)、陽光、電或化學(xué)物品?？键c(diǎn)一variety n.變化;多樣(化);多變(性)His writing lacks variety.他的寫作風(fēng)格單調(diào)。At sch

28、ool we learn varieties of things.在學(xué)校我們學(xué)習(xí)各種東西。We should give variety to this program.我們應(yīng)該使這個節(jié)目豐富多彩。1234567891)a variety of=varieties of各種各樣的【高考典句】(2015安徽高考)The presenter will show how students can use Prezi to confidently present on a variety of topics,including introducing family,friends,and hobbies

29、.演示者向?qū)W生展示怎么能用Prezi自信地展示不同的話題,包括介紹家人、朋友和愛好。2)various adj.各種各樣的vary vt.使多樣化vi.變化,不同123456789考點(diǎn)二close to靠近;接近He got close to me.他靠近了我。I live close to the post office.我住的地方離郵局近。歸納:close to常與get,live,be等動詞連用,其中close可以是形容詞,也可以是副詞。123456789close to還有以下含義:接近于;差不多The cost was close to $1 million.成本將近100萬美元。H

30、e came close to death in the accident.在那次事故中,他與死神擦肩而過。123456789活學(xué)活用語法填空1)(2015福建高考改編)Teams of four,dressed in a variety strange and funny clothes,roll a complete cheese along a 50-metre course.2)Our diets need (variety).3)It was raining heavily.Little Mary felt cold so she stood close her mother.of

31、variety to 1234567895.Burns are called first,second or third degree burns,depending on which layers of the skin are burned.根據(jù)皮膚燒傷的層次分為一度燒傷、二度燒傷和三度燒傷。剖析本句中的名詞詞組first,second or third degree burns作主語(burns)的補(bǔ)足語;depending on which layers of the skin are burned在句中作狀語。被動語態(tài)的主語補(bǔ)足語與主動語態(tài)的賓語補(bǔ)足語是密切相關(guān)的。He named

32、his son Tom.(主動語態(tài)的賓語補(bǔ)足語)在本句中his son為賓語,Tom為賓語補(bǔ)足語。His son was named Tom.(被動語態(tài)的主語補(bǔ)足語)在本句中his son為主語,Tom為主語補(bǔ)足語。123456789含有主語補(bǔ)足語的句子一般是被動語態(tài),并且謂語動詞或詞組應(yīng)該能夠接復(fù)合賓語(賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語),常見的這類動詞有elect,call,name,make,find,leave,consider等。123456789活學(xué)活用語法填空1)This coastal area (name) a national wildlife reserve last year.將下列句

33、子改為被動結(jié)構(gòu)2)We call him Mr Wang.3)They made their workers work day and night.was named He is called Mr Wang (by us). Their workers were made to work day and night (by them). 1234567896.Examples include burns caused by electric shocks,burning clothes,or severe petrol fires.例如由電擊引起的燒傷,因衣服起火引起的燒傷,或因汽油起火引起

34、的燒傷?？键c(diǎn)electric shock 觸電;電休克His burn was caused by an electric shock.他的燒傷是由觸電引起的。I got an electric shock from the wire.我被這根電線電擊了一下。注意:electric shock指電流流經(jīng)人體,造成生理傷害的事故,可指觸電、雷擊等傷害。123456789活學(xué)活用完成句子觸電奪走了他的生命。 killed him.An electric shock 1234567897.dry,red and mildly swollen 干燥、發(fā)紅、微腫剖析 副詞mildly作狀語修飾形容詞sw

35、ollen考點(diǎn)swollen adj. 腫脹的His face was swollen with insect bites.他的臉因?yàn)槔ハx的叮咬而腫起來了。歸納:swell常與介詞with連用。123456789swell vi.腫脹swell up 腫脹;膨脹His ankles began to swell.他的腳踝開始腫了起來。His face swelled up with the toothache.他的臉因?yàn)檠捞鄱[起來了。123456789活學(xué)活用語法填空1)When he fell over his own feet,his left ankle was sprained(扭傷

36、),his right hand became (swell) and his nose bleeding.2)Some insects bit her face and soon it began (swell).swollen to swell 1234567898.For second degree burns,keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water,squeezing them out and placing them on the burned area over and over again fo

37、r about an hour until the pain is not so bad.對于二度燒傷,要保持濕布清涼,需要把濕布放回冷水盆中,擰出水后再放在燒傷面上,這樣要反反復(fù)復(fù)地做一個小時左右,直到不太痛時為止?？键c(diǎn)一squeeze out 榨出;擠出He took off his wet clothes and squeezed the water out.他脫下濕衣服,擰干了水。You should squeeze out some time to visit your old friends.你應(yīng)該擠出點(diǎn)時間去拜訪你的老朋友。1234567891)閱讀下列句子,體會squeeze的

38、詞性、搭配及意義He squeezed the tube hard and the last bit of toothpaste came out.他使勁擠牙膏管,擠出了最后一點(diǎn)牙膏。詞性:及物動詞含義:擠壓,壓榨The dog squeezed through the small hole in the wall.那條狗擠過了小小的墻洞。搭配:squeeze through意義:擠過I want to squeeze the juice out of/from the lemon.我想從這個檸檬中榨出檸檬汁。搭配:squeeze.out of/from.意義:從中榨出123456789The

39、re were already five people in the car,but I managed to squeeze in.車?yán)镆呀?jīng)坐了5個人,我還是努力擠了進(jìn)去。搭配:squeeze in意義:擠入;塞入2)與squeeze相關(guān)的常用短語:squeeze from從榨取squeeze up (使)擠攏些;使擠在一起123456789考點(diǎn)二over and over again 反復(fù);多次The reporters asked her the same question over and over again.記者們反復(fù)問她同一個問題。He mentioned that rumor

40、over and over again.同義詞組:over and over,again and again,time and again123456789活學(xué)活用語法填空1)The opening between the rocks was very narrow,but the boys managed (squeeze) through.單句改錯2)The child tried his best to squeeze the juice out an apple.句子翻譯3)他的媽媽一再告訴他要細(xì)心。4)你能擠進(jìn)去嗎?to squeeze 在out后加of或把out改為from His

41、 mother told him over and over again to be careful. Can you squeeze in? 1234567899.Hold the bandage in place with tape.用膠布把繃帶固定。考點(diǎn)in place在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?適當(dāng) Please put everything in place.請把所有東西放在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢蒙?。Marys dress was quite in place at the ceremony.瑪麗的禮服非常適合那個典禮。123456789(復(fù)習(xí))place的相關(guān)短語:in place of 代替out of

42、place 在錯誤的位置;在不適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢胻ake place 發(fā)生;舉行take the place of 代替;替代in ones place代替某人/某物Plastics are often used in place of wood or metal.塑料經(jīng)常被用來代替木材或金屬。Everything in the room is out of place.房間里所有的東西都移了位。123456789Do you think the Internet can take the place of newspapers?=Do you think the Internet can repla

43、ce newspapers?你認(rèn)為因特網(wǎng)能代替報紙嗎?What you said was out of place.你說的話很不得體。I felt completely out of place among all these successful people.夾在這些事業(yè)有成的人中間,我覺得格格不入。123456789活學(xué)活用語法填空1)A Walt Disney film is being shown in place the advertised programme. 2)Helen likes to have everything place in her room. of in 單句改錯3)When he is away,my friend will take place of him.在take后加the