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1、UNIT 4BODY LANGUAGE單詞注釋難句剖析導(dǎo)讀誘思Body Language The Language Everybody Speaks在我們?nèi)粘＝煌?肢體語言起著十分重要的作用。恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\用肢體語言能更好地培養(yǎng)我們對事物的敏感性,更好地建立人際關(guān)系。單詞注釋難句剖析導(dǎo)讀誘思People cannot live without each other,because we are social beings.As soon as we are in contact with others we are communicating,making use of spoken and wr

2、itten language.In these ways we make the content of a message clear to each other.However we can also communicate without words.This kind of communication tells us something about the relationship between people.Often this is more important than getting the content of the message across.For instance

3、,we do not easily tell how we feel about each other.To make the meaning of our words clear we use body language.Body language is a language without spoken words and is therefore called non-verbal communication.We use body language all the time.For instance,looking someone in the eyes means something

4、 different than not looking someone in the eyes.單詞注釋難句剖析導(dǎo)讀誘思Body language is used especially to express feelings.For instance,if we do not like someone,it is often difficult to say that directly to the person.However we can make it clear either intentionally1 or unintentionally through body language

5、.The opposite is also true.We may say that we are angry through words yet our body language may be saying loud and clear that we are not.This can be very confusing for the receiver.This is usually described as giving our double messagesone message in words and an opposite message in body language.Re

6、search has shown that most people pay more attention to their impression of how a person acts through body language than what is said through words.單詞注釋難句剖析導(dǎo)讀誘思To leave a good impression behind,say at a job interview,it is important that we know how to control our body language.The person on the rec

7、eiving end of our body language will have a feeling or impression that is often difficult to describedifficult to put into words or difficult to prove what actually is communicated.Havent we all said at times:“I have a feeling he/she likes me.”or something like:“I doubt if what he/she is saying is r

8、eally the truth.”?This type of feeling is called intuition2.Body language plays a great role in intuition as it gives us messages about the other person that we can interpret3 at an intuitive level.It is therefore necessary to get to know our own body language.單詞注釋難句剖析導(dǎo)讀誘思1.intentionally /Intennli/

9、adv.有意地2.intuition /IntjIn/ n.直覺3.interpret /IntprIt/ v.詮釋;說明單詞注釋難句剖析導(dǎo)讀誘思The person on the receiving end of our body language will have a feeling or impression that is often difficult to describedifficult to put into words or difficult to prove what actually is communicated.譯文:接收我們的肢體語言的人會有一種難以描述的感覺

10、或印象難以用語言表達(dá),或者難以說明所交流的信息。剖析:這是一個含有定語從句的復(fù)合句,that is often difficult to describe是一個定語從句,修飾a feeling or impression。what actually is communicated是一個賓語從句,作prove的賓語。 單詞注釋難句剖析導(dǎo)讀誘思閱讀短文,回答下列問題1.How do people communicate with each other?答案:By using spoken language,written language or body language.2.Give an ex

11、ample of body language according to the text.答案:Looking someone in the eyes is a kind of body language. SECTION WARMING UP,PRE-READING,READING & COMPREHENDING一二三四五六Pre-reading一、看下面的手勢,試著寫出它們所代表的含義1.A stands for “”.2.B stands for “”.3.C stands for “”.4.D stands for “”.OK Pause Stop talking/Be silent

12、Very good/Well done 一二三四五六二、將下列單詞或短語與相對應(yīng)的釋義搭配起來AB1.representa.possible,probable2.in generalb.to move nearer3.likelyc.officially to do something for another person or group 4.approachd.to do something to protect somebody or something 5.defende.usually or in most situations 6.crossroads f.having a str

13、ong desire to know about something7.greetg.very important or large compared to other things8.adulth.fully grown or developed9.majori.to say hello to someone or to welcome them10.curiousj.a place where two roads meet and cross each other答案:1.c2.e3.a4.b5.d6.j7.i8.h9.g 10.f一二三四五六三、用括號內(nèi)所給單詞正確形式填空1.Which

14、 of the following (state)is true according to the passage?2.I woke up in the morning and was (greet)by a song.3.We are working in (associate)with a number of local companies to raise money for the homeless.4.Out of (curious),he spent hours on the Internet in searching for the information of the famo

15、us singer.5.With the New Year(approach),people are all busy buying presents for their family and friends.statements greeted association curiosity approaching 一二三四五六6.Police have to be trained in (defend)of themselves against knife attacks.7.The (major)of doctors believe smoking is harmful to health.

16、8.His remarks showed that there was some(misunderstand)between us on the matter.9.His face was expressionless,but Alex felt the (spoken)criticism.10.Are your opinions (represent)of the other students?defence majority misunderstanding unspoken representative 一二三四五六四、從文中找出并翻譯下列短語 municate with 2.保衛(wèi)以免受

17、 3.look around 4.很可能;有希望 5.in defence 6.總的來說;通常 7.put up ones hands 8.認(rèn)識;逐漸了解 9.shake hands 10.on the contrary 與交流 defend.against 環(huán)顧四周 be likely to. 在防守;在保衛(wèi) in general 舉手 get to know 握手 相反地 一二三四五六While-reading五、閱讀課文COMMUNICATION:NO PROBLEM?,回答下列問題1.Why did the writer go to the airport?A.To take an a

18、irplane to study in a foreign country.B.To meet his parents from a foreign country.C.To meet some international students.D.To help the workers.答案:A一二三四五六2.When the writer and another student arrived at the airport,.A.the people they wanted to meet didnt arrive B.the people they wanted to meet had al

19、ready been waiting there C.the plane was taking offD.the people they wanted to see off had left答案:A一二三四五六3.Why did Tony approach Julia,touch her shoulder and kiss her on the cheek?A.Because he wanted to hurt her.B.Because he wanted to greet her.C.Because he loved her.D.Because he wanted to play a jo

20、ke on her.答案:B一二三四五六4.From the passage we know,most international students greet others by .A.shaking handsB.bowingC.kissingD.touching shoulders答案:A5.It can be learned that .A.only Chinese students can study in Beijing UniversityB.we should do as the Romans do when we are in RomeC.only Chinese custo

21、ms are the most importantD.not knowing foreign customs may cause a cultural mistake答案:DPost-reading六、閱讀課文COMMUNICATION:NO PROBLEM?,完成下列短文If you have a chance to observe several foreign visitors from different countries getting together,youll surely experience some 1. that will happen among them in b

22、ody language due to the difference of their 2.For example,when at the first meeting,Colombians like to 3. others,4. their shoulders and kiss them on the cheek,while the British will keep a certain distance from others;Canadians will 5. ,while Japanese will 6. .From the above examples,we know that al

23、l cultures dont 7. each other the same way.一二三四五六misunderstanding cultures approach touch shake hands bow greet 一二三四五六In short,as well as 8.,our body language can also express our 9. through physical distance,actions or posture.But remember that 10. of the actions or posture is good or bad,and they

24、are just the ways of communicating with people.Different cultures result in different body language.spoken language feeling(s) none 1234561.Yesterday,another student and I,representing our universitys student association,went to the Capital International Airport to meet this years international stud

25、ents.昨天,我和另一個學(xué)生代表我們學(xué)校的學(xué)生會,到首都國際機場迎接今年的國際學(xué)生。7123456剖析:1)本句是一個簡單句,其中的representing our universitys student association為動詞-ing短語做伴隨狀語。動詞-ing做伴隨狀語時,要與該句的主語存在著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,即主動關(guān)系。如:I argued,pointing to a very large belly of mine,“I am married.I am having a baby.”我指著我的大肚子爭辯說:“我結(jié)婚了。我快要生小孩了”2)不定式短語to meet this ye

26、ars international students在句中做目的狀語。在非謂語動詞中,只有動詞不定式可以做目的狀語,動詞-ing、過去分詞等都不具備這一功能。如:For many centuries,people used windmills to grind wheat into flour.許多世紀(jì)以來,人們利用風(fēng)車把小麥磨成面粉。7123456考點represent vt. 代表;象征【高考典句】(2015安徽高考)She held up one chopstick,representing one person.她舉起一根筷子,代表一個人。The bald eagle represen

27、ts the United States.禿鷹是美國的象征。71234561)閱讀下列句子,體會represent的搭配及意義The man represented himself as an expert.那個人自稱是專家。搭配:represent oneself as意義:自稱是He represented his father as being brave and determined.他把他的父親描繪得勇敢、堅定。搭配:represent sb as意義:把某人描繪成Weve represented disagreement to the management.我們已經(jīng)把我們的分歧傳達(dá)

28、給了管理層。搭配:represent sth to sb意義:向某人傳達(dá)(說明)某事71234562)閱讀下列句子,體會黑體詞的詞性及含義The painting is not representative of his work of that period.這幅畫不是他在那個時期的代表作。詞性:形容詞含義:有代表性的The singer is regarded as a representative of the youth of her generation.這位歌手被看成是她那一代年輕人的代表。詞性:名詞含義:代表3)同義詞(組):symbolize,stand for7123456用

29、represent的適當(dāng)形式填空1)As we all know,the dove and the olive branch peace.2)He has been elected national of the people.3)Mr Wang, our company,will make a speech.represent representative representing 71234562.After half an hour of waiting for their flight to arrive,I saw several young people enter the wai

30、ting area looking around curiously.在等了半個小時之后,我看見幾個年輕人走進(jìn)了等候區(qū),好奇地向四周張望?？键ccuriously adv. 好奇地The people looked at the strange boy curiously.人們好奇地看著這個奇怪的男孩。7123456閱讀下列句子,體會黑體詞的詞性、搭配及意義She was unbearably curious about other peoples business.她對別人的事很好奇,實在叫人受不了。詞性:形容詞搭配:be curious about意義:對感到好奇I was curious

31、to know more about the Olympic Games.我很想了解更多關(guān)于奧運會的事情。搭配:be curious to do意義:很想做某事The girl opened the beautifully wrapped parcel out of curiosity.女孩出于好奇打開了包裝得很漂亮的包裹。詞性:名詞搭配:out of curiosity意義:出于好奇7123456We watched the performance in/with curiosity.我們好奇地觀看表演。搭配:in/with curiosity意義:好奇地I just had to sati

32、sfy my curiosity,so I entered her QQ space.我只是為了滿足好奇心才進(jìn)了她的QQ空間。搭配:satisfy ones curiosity意義:滿足某人的好奇心7123456語法填空1)His fathers answers cant his curiosity.2)The girl looked at the animal curiosity.3) of curiosity,the mother opened her daughters diary.4)Students are warned of not being too about things t

33、hey are not supposed to know.satisfy with/in Out curious 71234563.Tony approached Julia,touched her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek!托尼走近朱莉婭,摸了摸她的肩,親了親她的臉!考點approach vt.& vi.接近;靠近;走近It is not allowed to approach the forbidden area.禁區(qū)是不允許接近的。He cautiously approached the house.他小心地走近那座房子。歸納:approa

34、ch既可以指在空間上接近,也可以指在時間上接近。71234561)閱讀下列句子,體會approach的詞性及含義We should know how to approach the problem we are faced with.我們應(yīng)該知道如何處理我們面臨的這個問題。詞性:動詞含義:處理He was warned of the approach of the enemy.他被警告敵人接近了。詞性:名詞含義:接近He has already thought of a new approach to the difficulty.他已經(jīng)想出了一個解決困難的新方法。詞性:名詞含義:方法7123

35、456The approach to the house was a narrow path.到達(dá)這座房子的道路是一條窄窄的小路。詞性:名詞含義:通道、道路2)閱讀下列句子,體會approach的搭配及意義At the approach of the evening,the herdsman came to feed his cattle.夜晚來臨時,牧人來喂他的牲口。搭配:at the approach of意義:在快來的時候7123456介詞填空1)Youd better make a study plan the approach of the new school term.2) ap

36、proaching the center of the city,they saw the tall statue.3)At the approach the cinema,I stopped and waited for my friend.at On to 71234564)With the New Year (approach),the children in my class were becoming more and more restless.5)Miss Jia made up her mind to try a new (approach) to teaching Engli

37、sh in her class.6)A proper approach to (improve) your learning efficiency(有效)is of great importance to every student.approaching approach improving 語法填空 71234564.She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands,as if in defence.她后退了幾步,看上去有些吃驚,并舉起了手,好像是在自衛(wèi)。剖析:1)動詞-ing短語appearing surprised在句子

38、中做伴隨狀語。2)as if引導(dǎo)方式狀語。本句中的as if in defence是一種省略,補充完整后為:as if she was in defence。He walked here and there,as if in search of something.他走來走去好似在找什么東西。7123456考點defence n.防御;保衛(wèi)Offence is the best defence.進(jìn)攻是最好的防御。He gave his life in defence of his country.他為保衛(wèi)祖國獻(xiàn)出了自己的生命。歸納:in defence of的含義是“保衛(wèi)”。defence作“

39、防御,保衛(wèi)”講時是一個不可數(shù)名詞。71234561)閱讀下列句子,體會黑體詞的詞性及含義The country put up a strong defence against the enemys invasion.為了抵抗敵人的侵略,這個國家布置了堅固的防御工事。詞性:名詞含義:防御物、防御工事We shall defend our city,whatever the cost may be.不管代價如何,我們要保衛(wèi)我們的城市。詞性:動詞含義:保護,保衛(wèi)People are often defensive about their private lives.人們通常都保護自己的私生活。詞性:

40、形容詞含義:對加以保護/自衛(wèi)的71234562)閱讀下列句子,體會defend搭配及意義We must defend our country against/from enemies.我們必須抗敵衛(wèi)國。搭配:defend.against/from意義:保護使不受(傷害)3)defend,protect,guard的不同用法:defend強調(diào)現(xiàn)實的危險,指以武力或其他保護措施來“捍衛(wèi)”“防守”或“保衛(wèi)”國家、權(quán)利、城市、邊疆、工廠等。也可指采取行動或措施來“保護”某人不受指責(zé)、懲罰或不友好的批評。還可指為某人或某事“辯護”。如:7123456He defended me from that dr

41、unken man.他保護我免受那個醉漢傷害。Defend your rights.保護你的權(quán)利。protect是三個動詞中最普通的一個用語,指用遮蔽物或其他保護物“保護”某人或某物不受傷害。不但可以防御現(xiàn)實的危險、危害、誘惑等,也可表示在某物上裝上防護或保險裝置以避免傷害。如:His head was protected by a helmet.他戴著頭盔保護頭部。guard指非常小心地和十分警惕地“保衛(wèi)”“守衛(wèi)”或“防御”,以使某人或某物不遭遇危險、不受到攻擊等;也可指謹(jǐn)慎地給某物裝上防護裝置,以“防止”或“預(yù)防”發(fā)生火災(zāi)、事故、出錯、生病等。如:The entrance to the b

42、uilding is well guarded.該大樓的入口處戒備森嚴(yán)。7123456選詞填空(defend/protect/guard)1)It was amazing that the army its homeland against all enemies.2)The prisoners were by soldiers.3)We wear sunglasses to our eyes from strong sunlight.defended guarded protect 71234565.I guessed that there was probably a major misu

43、nderstanding.我猜想這里可能有個主要的誤會?？键cmajor adj. 主要的The major portion of the population live in the east of the country.大多數(shù)人口居住在這個國家的東部。Diligence plays a major part in our study.勤奮在我們的學(xué)習(xí)中起主要作用。注意:major和它的反義詞minor(較小的,次要的)都沒有比較級,不能與than 連用,通常做定語。71234561)閱讀下列句子,體會黑體詞的詞性及含義She majors in English.她主修英語。詞性:動詞含義:

44、主攻,專修He planned to take chemistry as his major.他計劃把化學(xué)作為他的主修課程。詞性:名詞含義:主修課程I am a history major.我是一個主修歷史的學(xué)生。詞性:名詞含義:主修的學(xué)生The majority of the people are in favor of the plan.大部分人都支持這個計劃。詞性:名詞含義:大多數(shù)注意:“the majority of +名詞”做主語時,謂語動詞依據(jù)of后面所接名詞單復(fù)數(shù)來確定。71234562)閱讀下列句子,體會majority搭配及意義Im studying in a class w

45、here female students are in the majority.我在一個女學(xué)生占大多數(shù)的班級學(xué)習(xí)。搭配:in the majority意義:占多數(shù) 3)major,chief,main和primary的不同用法:major表示“較大的,較重要的,主要的”。chief表示具有最高權(quán)威的一個人,用比喻意義時含有最大價值的意義。main表示在范圍、尺寸或重要性上超過其他的事物。primary的含義是“首要的,基礎(chǔ)性的,根本的”,強調(diào)在起源、結(jié)果或者發(fā)展的意義上是第一位的。如:7123456My father is the chief conductor.我的父親是列車長。He is

46、 the main character in this story.他是這個故事中的主要人物。Your safety is my primary concern.你的安全是我最關(guān)心的事情。7123456選詞填空(major/chief/primary/main)1)The new research team was led by the engineer.2)Although her is French,she is good at other foreign languages,such as German and English.3)Our task at present is to pr

47、ovide people in the flood-stricken area with food and shelter.4)Be careful crossing the road.chief major primary main 7123456單句改錯5)The majority of the work have been finished by now.句型轉(zhuǎn)換6)When he was in university,his major was English.When in university,he English.havehas majored in 712345676.Howev

48、er,people from places like Spain,Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them.不過,來自西班牙、意大利或南美等國的人會站在離別人很近的地方,而且很可能會(用身體)接觸對方?？键cbe likely to很可能;有希望Which city is likely to host the Asian Games?哪個城市很有可能舉辦亞運會?He is likely to attend our wedding.他有可能來參加我們的婚禮。

49、歸納:be likely to后接動詞原形,即be likely to do sth,含義是“很可能做某事,有希望做某事”。12345671)be likely+that從句。如:Its high likely that hell succeed.他極有可能成功。2)形容詞likely與alike,like的區(qū)別:likely后常接動詞不定式,在句中做表語或定語,表示“有可能的;有希望的”。alike做形容詞時,常做表語,表示“相像的”。like做定語時表示“相似的,類似的”,此時要放在名詞之前。12345673)likely,possible,probable都可意為“可能的”,但用法不同:

50、likely強調(diào)表面上看來有可能,與probable意思接近,有時可以互換,但likely常暗示從表面跡象來判斷。既可以用人做主語,也可以用物或it做主語。常用結(jié)構(gòu)為:主語(人或物)is likely to do sth/It is likely that.possible表示客觀上潛在的可能性,也許實際發(fā)生的可能性并不大。一般不用人做主語,常用結(jié)構(gòu)為:It is possible(for sb)to do sth/It is possible that.probable主要指有根據(jù),合情理,依據(jù)事實,含有可能性極大之意。一般不用人做主語,常用結(jié)構(gòu)為:It is probable that.。

51、1234567選詞填空(likely/possible/alike/probable)1)He was to win the 100-meter race,but he got injured accidentally while running.2)It is for those who are of great determination to make great achievements.3)My sister and I dont look very much .4)He studies hard,so it is that he will pass the final exam.l

52、ikely possible alike probable/likely 1234567單句改錯5)We are possible to win the football match tonight.句型轉(zhuǎn)換6)It is possible that he may ring me up this evening.He ring me up this evening.possiblelikely is likely to 12345677.In general,though,studying international customs can certainly help avoid diffi

53、culties in todays world of cultural crossroads!但總的來說,在當(dāng)今文化交融的世界,學(xué)習(xí)不同國家的習(xí)俗肯定能幫助我們避免交往中的困難。剖析:本句中的動詞-ing短語studying international customs 做主語。動詞-ing短語做主語時,其謂語動詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。1234567考點in general 總的來說;通常In general,her work has been good,but this article is terrible.總的來說,她的作品不錯,但這篇文章太糟糕了。Her English pronunci

54、ation is not so bad in general.她的英語發(fā)音總的來說是不錯的。Women live longer than men in general.女性通常比男性長壽。1234567閱讀下列句子,體會general的搭配及意義This examination will test your general knowledge.這次考試將檢測你們的常識。搭配:general knowledge意義:常識Generally speaking,an English dictionary starts with the letter A.一般來說,一部英文詞典是從字母A開始的。搭配:

55、generally speaking意義:一般來說Who is your general manager?誰是你們的總經(jīng)理?搭配:general manager意義:總經(jīng)理1234567單句改錯1)The general manager of our company told us to read the article and get a whole idea.句子翻譯2)總的來說,孩子們喜歡糖果。3)通常,我們不在白天看電視。wholegeneral In general,children are fond of candies. In general,we dont watch TV in the daytime.