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作文其實(shí)并不需要花費(fèi)太多的時(shí)間去復(fù)習(xí)，就到最后一段時(shí)間準(zhǔn)備模板就好。我聽(tīng)過(guò)幾個(gè)老師的講座，也看過(guò)很多作文書(shū)，其實(shí)老師講的或者書(shū)上都差不多。在模板中我們要運(yùn)用各種手法長(zhǎng)難句，運(yùn)用對(duì)比、舉例，發(fā)表觀點(diǎn)、提出措施等等。以下是個(gè)人心得總結(jié) 一、 作文章法 話題keeping pets 寫(xiě)作分析：第一段 第一句：引出現(xiàn)象 第二句：引出例子或原因 第三或四句： 闡述例子 It is universally acknowledge that keeping pets is increasingly popular nowadays. There are a variety of examples illustrating this phenomenon . For one thing, there are a growing number of pet hospitals . For another , more and more pet foods are available in supermakets . 第二段 第一句:引出原因 第二或第三句 ：闡述原因 There are enormous numbers of factors that can be easily found ,but the following ones are sufficient. The fact is mainly attribute to the factor that pets can reduce people’s loneliness. It also results from the factor that pets bring happiness. 第三段 第一句作評(píng)論 第二三句做出分析 第四句 展望未來(lái) As far as I am concerned , keeping pets will give rise to a host of problems . On one hand ,pets make noise that we can not bear ; one the other hand . it is waste of money in that we have to buy special foods .In conclusion ,it seems to me that keeping pets will fail to be popular in the future . 點(diǎn)評(píng)方法 ： 1 開(kāi)頭多變化，文章里面的開(kāi)頭變化多樣 1 )形式主義it 開(kāi)頭 2 )there be 結(jié)構(gòu)開(kāi)頭。 3 )介詞開(kāi)頭 in conclusion 此外還有 4) 從句開(kāi)頭 如 if 引導(dǎo)的從句 5)動(dòng)詞分詞開(kāi)頭 6)名詞開(kāi)頭 開(kāi)頭還可以使用諺語(yǔ)或引言 2 個(gè)別句子復(fù)雜化 方法 找名詞加定語(yǔ)從句 找邏輯加因果關(guān)系 如文章中的On one hand ,pets make noise that we can not bear （定從） it is waste of money in that we have to buy special foods .In conclusion ( in that 因?yàn)? 3 越來(lái)越多的詞組替換 被increasingly a growing numbers enormous of 代替more and more 4 許多的替換 a variety of a host of 總結(jié)：?jiǎn)卧~的力量不及詞組的力量，建議多用 5 給分單詞 illustrating 代替explain factor 代替reason Attribute 代替reason reduce (減少) 6 mainly attribute : 副詞加動(dòng)詞（給分點(diǎn)）也就是動(dòng)詞前加副詞 另外 名詞前加形容詞 如 many people------- the overwheming majority of people 再者 of +名詞= 形容詞 如 important ------ of great importance 7展望未來(lái) 8句子 1）串句 如果是二者并列的，我們可以用一個(gè)超級(jí)句式： Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. 短語(yǔ)： besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover 2）轉(zhuǎn)折 The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition. The coat was thin, but it was warm. 短語(yǔ)： despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding 六級(jí)閱卷老師在語(yǔ)言方面主要從兩個(gè)方面進(jìn)行評(píng)判： 　　1、基本正確 　　四、六級(jí)考生的最大問(wèn)題不是寫(xiě)得太簡(jiǎn)單，而是嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤太多?；A(chǔ)一般的同學(xué)即使使用小學(xué)或中學(xué)詞匯和句型，只要使用得基本正確，也可以得到及格分?jǐn)?shù)?？忌畛７傅恼Z(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤有三類：語(yǔ)法、拼寫(xiě)、標(biāo)點(diǎn)。最常犯的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤包括：時(shí)態(tài)、冠詞、主謂一致、名詞單復(fù)數(shù)等。 　　2、豐富多變 基礎(chǔ)較好的同學(xué)，要想取得四、六級(jí)寫(xiě)作高分，應(yīng)做到豐富多變。豐富多變體現(xiàn)在詞匯和句型兩方面。同一詞語(yǔ)在一句話、一個(gè)段落乃至一篇文章中最好不要重復(fù)出現(xiàn)，應(yīng)盡量使用同、近義詞替換（無(wú)法替換的關(guān)鍵詞除外）。例如：think可以替換為reckon, assume, argue等詞。如果想不到同、近義詞，可以使用上義詞進(jìn)行替換。此外，句型也應(yīng)富于變化，不要拘泥于主謂賓句型，可以使用主系表、過(guò)去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)、不定式短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)從句等多種句型。 　　四級(jí)作文如果量化成句數(shù)，只需寫(xiě)10句左右；六級(jí)只需12句左右。全文應(yīng)以短句為主，長(zhǎng)短句相結(jié)合。所謂短句是指10個(gè)詞左右的句子，不能全篇都是5、6個(gè)詞的短句。同時(shí)，全文應(yīng)有一定數(shù)量的長(zhǎng)句，一般15~20詞即可，太長(zhǎng)則易冗贅。有的同學(xué)以為只寫(xiě)長(zhǎng)句不寫(xiě)短句，就能取得高分，實(shí)際上老師看長(zhǎng)句會(huì)覺(jué)得很累，以為你不會(huì)寫(xiě)短句，通常不會(huì)給高分。如果一篇中文作文每句都30多個(gè)字，定然晦澀難懂，英文也不例外。精煉的短句可以放在段首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)； 復(fù)雜的長(zhǎng)句可以進(jìn)行具體的論證、舉例或描述。 　　高分真經(jīng) 　　（一）背誦 　　背誦是提高英語(yǔ)綜合能力的法寶，可分為以下5個(gè)層次：（1）精彩詞匯；（2）精彩句型；（3）精彩句子；（4）萬(wàn)能框架；（5）經(jīng)典范文。注意句子和句型不一樣，精彩句子應(yīng)作為單詞來(lái)記憶。背誦前，確保自己已充分理解所有內(nèi)容。 　　語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)有兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞——輸入（INPUT）和輸出（OUTPUT）。聽(tīng)力和閱讀屬于輸入，考生處于被動(dòng)狀態(tài)，只需在考場(chǎng)上將聽(tīng)到和看到的東西弄懂。應(yīng)對(duì)這種題目的技巧很多，容易在短期內(nèi)提高。但口語(yǔ)和寫(xiě)作屬于輸出，考生必須變被動(dòng)為主動(dòng)，這很難在短期內(nèi)突破。沒(méi)有大量的輸入，很難進(jìn)行自由輸出。 　　四、六級(jí)寫(xiě)作需要在30分鐘內(nèi)完成一篇短文，共計(jì)120或150余字，很多同學(xué)叫苦不迭。但若將其改為中文作文，大家就會(huì)覺(jué)得易如反掌。原因何在？俗話說(shuō)：“熟讀唐詩(shī)三百首，不會(huì)做詩(shī)也能吟?！蓖瑢W(xué)們從小到大背誦了大量中文佳作，可以隨意組合，自由輸出。然而，在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中，多數(shù)同學(xué)只沉溺于背單詞、摳語(yǔ)法、做閱讀，很少有人背誦英文文章。正因?yàn)闆](méi)有大量輸入，寫(xiě)作才始終處于“擠牙膏”狀態(tài)，想一句說(shuō)一句，說(shuō)一句翻譯一句。 　　提高英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作要多讀、多背、多寫(xiě)、多改。多讀、多背是首要任務(wù)，是積累輸入的關(guān)鍵?？忌鷳?yīng)大量積累經(jīng)典英文句型、表達(dá)和范文，平時(shí)勤于背誦。 　　有的同學(xué)問(wèn)我，說(shuō)自己背過(guò)很多英文文章，但上了考場(chǎng)還是大腦一片空白，什么都想不起來(lái)。這種情況很常見(jiàn)，主要有兩個(gè)原因：一是沒(méi)有進(jìn)行造句的工作，只是盲目背誦。二是背得不夠熟練。學(xué)習(xí)任何東西都講究先求質(zhì)，再求量。大家英語(yǔ)學(xué)了很多年，文章看了很多，為什么寫(xiě)作還是學(xué)不好？關(guān)鍵是量鋪開(kāi)了，但質(zhì)沒(méi)有上去。一篇文章應(yīng)背到脫口而出的程度，如果還需要過(guò)腦子，就證明背得不夠熟練。一知半解，背得再多也是徒勞。 　?。ǘ┠瑢?xiě) 　　背完經(jīng)典范文后，進(jìn)行默寫(xiě)。然后對(duì)照原文糾錯(cuò)，搞清楚錯(cuò)在什么地方。多數(shù)同學(xué)在寫(xiě)的時(shí)候都會(huì)犯小錯(cuò)誤，如拼寫(xiě)、單復(fù)數(shù)、大小寫(xiě)等。這些就是你在寫(xiě)作中的弱點(diǎn)，也是閱卷老師最不能容忍的地方。培根說(shuō)過(guò)：“Writing makes an exact man.”（寫(xiě)作使人精確。）只有默寫(xiě)下來(lái)你才會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己常犯哪些錯(cuò)誤。 　?。ㄈ┲凶g英 　　中譯英也是提高寫(xiě)作的好方法。根據(jù)范文的中文譯文，將其按自己的理解譯成英文。譯完后，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的翻譯和原文有很大差距，這些差距就是取得寫(xiě)作高分的關(guān)鍵。這時(shí)，對(duì)照范文，看看原作者是怎么寫(xiě)的，思考為什么這么寫(xiě)。同樣的一句中文，范文中使用了哪些詞匯和句型？你使用了哪些詞匯和句型？學(xué)習(xí)范文使用不同的詞匯和句型。通過(guò)不斷練習(xí)，你的寫(xiě)作水平不知不覺(jué)就提高了。 　?。ㄋ模?xiě)作 　　模仿范文寫(xiě)作新的文章，套用范文的精彩詞匯、句型、句子和框架。最初套用時(shí)可能比較生硬，但隨著不斷的積累，組合起來(lái)會(huì)越來(lái)越順手。 　　上述的高分策略是提高四、六級(jí)英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作水平最有效的方法。在練習(xí)寫(xiě)作的初始階段, 可勤查語(yǔ)法書(shū)和字典等工具書(shū), 背記常用詞和短語(yǔ)，以擴(kuò)大詞匯量，拓展知識(shí)面。背單詞時(shí)要深刻理解所背詞語(yǔ)的內(nèi)在含義，并了解其使用環(huán)境。備考時(shí)，熟記一些過(guò)渡詞、句型和范文，并進(jìn)行仿寫(xiě)?？荚嚂r(shí)，使用學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)的、熟悉而有把握的詞匯和句型，沒(méi)有把握的句子，盡量采取“回避政策”，切忌自編自造漢語(yǔ)式的英語(yǔ)詞組和句型。 二、 描寫(xiě)變化 One of the most fundamental changes that have taken place is how our leisure time is spent. Such changes has exerted tremendous influence on individuals and the society as a whole. 三、 陳述事實(shí) 1. Recently, the phenomenon of…h(huán)as caused public concern, and…… 2. …is a common occurrence in our daily life.. 3. …h(huán)as been playing an increasingly significant role in our life. It has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problem as well. 4. It is only during the last few years that man has become generally aware of that…….. 5.with the development of (science and society/ technology/ people’s awareness/ market economy…..),……is more and more common. 6.with the increasing frequent exchanges among different part of our country ,a problem has attracted people’s attention. 7.I don’t maintain that it is a must to use traditional character (繁體字) . 8.It isn’t uncommon that (雙重否定句) 9. With heavier workload and increased responsibilities ,…… 四、 原因 1.Sth is superior in several ways, of which perhaps the most fundamental reason lies in that， 2.there are probably many reasons for this phenomenon. First and foremost,… perhaps the main reason is …. 3.Some reasons can be responsible for this …, and the following are the typical ones. 4.Enormous factors may this fact , but to me ,……is the key one account for lead to 5.One compelling argument involves …… 6.There are a variety of factors accounting for this fact contributing to 7.The reasons for ……are analyzed as follows. 五、 解決問(wèn)題 1. It is high time that something was done about it. There are several measures for us to adopt. 1…2…3… 2. Confronted with….., we should take a series of effective measures to solve it. For one thing…. For another… 3. people have figured out various ways to deal with the problem…. 4. For my part, I think it is reasonable to …… Only in this way can we….. 5. In my opinion, we should place much emphasis on (this problem/ the issue/the phenomenon…). The key point lies in (everyone’s awareness of its harm) 6. In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of……., only in this way can we….. 7. We may have long way to go before we reach the final goal. But once (we are on the way, the chance to reach it is greater. …) 8. all in all, we can not live without…..But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problem (concerned) that would arise. 9. Nowadays, ….has become a problem we have to face. Though it is easier said than done, with (the help of modern technology), we may have many means to solve it. 10.Feasible measures must be taken by sb to do sth and improve sth 六、 事物兩面性 1. however, just like everything has both its good and dad side,……….also has its advantages and disadvantages, such as….. 2. however, just like every coin has 2 sides …..is not an exception. It has both advantages and disadvantages……. 3.Sth has both positive and negative impact. 七、 表明多方觀點(diǎn)： 1. Views vary from person to person. 2. People’s opinion about…vary from person to person, but they all agree that…… 3. Different people hold different attitudes towards …， 4. However, others seriously doubt it 5. Other people hold the opposite point of view 八、 我認(rèn)為 1.argue 2. maintain I 3. consider 4. persist in + that……… 5. insist on 6. hold the idea 7. take it for granted 2.The further reason why I advocate this attitude is that …….. 九、 在我看來(lái) 1. As far as I am concerned, …….. 2. From a personal perspective I prefer….. 3. In my judgment 4. As I see it 十、 表明贊同一方面觀點(diǎn)： 1. As for this issue ,I strongly approve of + n. 2. To be frank, I can not agree with the former (latter) to some extent. 3. Personally, I am on the side of the latter argument…….. 4. On the contrary, there are some people in favor of …..they believe beneficial ….. 十一、 表明最后觀點(diǎn)： 1. In my judgment, both sides are partly right, we should take into consideration all aspects of the problem, and then (find out the appropriate solution to the problem) make the right decision. 2. Taking all those factors (mentioned) above into consideration, we can safely come to the conclusion that …….. 3. In conclusion, 4. Obviously, we can draw the conclusion that 十二、 其他精彩句型 For those who have no interest in such classes ,they are just a waste of time. as long as it is used conveniently by others. It serve its purpose perfectly It well demonstrates its valve Apell sb to do sth There is no denying that …… is beneficial to both individuals and society. be asked to do sb be supposed to do be expected to do Cater for different people’s tastes 十三、 連接詞 1. first and foremost、besides 、lastly but not the least 2. to begin with, then, furthermore, finally 3. to start with, next, in addition, finally 4. on one hand、on the other hand 5. for one thing 、for another 總結(jié)詞 1. Admit it or not 2. To conclude 十四、 精彩詞匯 1. important significant immense importance is attached to … be indispensable to… Place emphasis on … 2. great Immense、dramatic、enormous 3. Moan in depression 4. On the part of universities ,……no the student part 5. Are expected to 6. Identify 7. Accordingly 8. Figure out 9. Take an open mind about 10. Glorious future 11. Take into consideration 12. Inevitable 13. Similar to 14. Sticking to your principles 15. decline 下降，衰退，謝絕，婉拒 16. adjust sth to sth 調(diào)整……使適應(yīng) 17. as a consequence 作為……的結(jié)果 18. endow sb with 使某人具有…… 19. flat 直率 20. put more effort into + n. 做出努力 21. firmly agree with表示贊同 22. have given prominence to強(qiáng)調(diào) 23. It is conceivable that可以理解的 24. first impression 25. broaden one’s horizon 26. glorious 27. indispensable 28. impair 29. unprecedented boom 30. gain insights into life and humanity 31. tremendous improvement 32. approximately 十五、 作文模板 解決問(wèn)題型 第一段 This decade has witnessed +名詞性短語(yǔ) how to……h(huán)as become the top priority for every person. 第二段 there are a huge number of ways to solve the problem. In the first place, In the second place, In addition, Besides, 第三段 As far as I am concerned,…… On the one hand On the other hand With the new laws effect and social awareness increasing ,we are sure to turn things around. 圖表作文 第一段 1. From the graph ,we can clearly see that ,…… 2. It can be clearly seen in the graph, 3. As is shown in the chart 4. The graph shows statistics on sth 信件 January 、February、March 、April 、May 、June 、July 、August 、September 、October November 、December dear sb, I’m …… I’m writing to intimate you that I would love to share my opinion on sth your sincerely Respectfully