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1、第二講 并列句和狀語從句01010202并列句并列句聯(lián)合并列句 | 轉(zhuǎn)折并列句選擇并列句 | 因果并列句狀語從句狀語從句時間狀語從句 | 地點狀語從句 | 條件狀語從句 讓步狀語從句 | 原因狀語從句 | 方式狀語從句 結(jié)果狀語從句 | 目的狀語從句 I. 用適當?shù)倪B詞填空II. 單句改錯III. 翻譯句子IV. 語法填空V. 短文改錯0303針對訓(xùn)練針對訓(xùn)練 并列句并列句是由and，but，or，for等并列連詞把兩個或兩個以上意義相關(guān)的簡單句連在一起而構(gòu)成的句子。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：簡單句并列連詞簡單句。并列句的四大基本類型有：聯(lián)合并列句，轉(zhuǎn)折并列句，選擇并列句，因果并列句。一、聯(lián)合并列句并列連詞：

2、and(和、并且)，both.and.(和)，not only.but also.(不但而且)，neither.nor.(既不也不)，when(這時)Jim finished his homework and he went to bed.吉姆寫完作業(yè)就上床睡覺了。Not only do I come to school early，but also I often help clean the classroom.不但我到校早，而且我經(jīng)常幫助打掃教室。I was reading a novel when my classmate called on me.我正在讀小說，這時我的同學(xué)來找我。二

3、、轉(zhuǎn)折并列句并列連詞：but(但是)，yet(但是)，while(而，然而)等。Shes good at English，but her Chinese isnt good.她擅長英語，但她的漢語不好。 The problem was a little hard，yet I was able to work it out.這道題有點難，然而我把它做出來了。It is beneficial to some people，while it puts others into a dilemma.這有利于一些人，可是也會使其他人陷入困境。二、轉(zhuǎn)折并列句 名師指津though和和although(雖然，

4、盡管雖然，盡管)不能與不能與 but連用。連用。Although he was very tired，but he didnt stop working.()Although he was very tired，he didnt stop working.()He was very tired，but he didnt stop working.()雖然他很累，但是他沒有停止工作。三、選擇并列句并列連詞：or(或者；否則，要不然)，either.or.(或者或者)，not.but.(不是而是)等。Tell the truth，or you will be punished.說實話，否則你會受到

5、懲罰。Either you can do it by yourself，or you can ask someone else to do it.你可以自己做，也可以讓別人做。Its not that I am unwilling to help you，but that Im too busy these days.不是我不愿意幫你，而是我這些天工作太忙抽不開身。二、轉(zhuǎn)折并列句 名師指津“祈使句祈使句or/and簡單句簡單句”是一個固定句型，此句型中的祈使句是一個固定句型，此句型中的祈使句在意義上相當于一個在意義上相當于一個if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。Work hard，an

6、d youll pass the exam.If you work hard，youll pass the exam.四、因果并列句并列連詞：so(所以；結(jié)果)，表示結(jié)果。for(因為)，表示原因，起補充說明的作用。That was our first lesson，so she didnt know all our names.那是我們的第一堂課，因此她不知道我們所有人的名字。Mr. Smith doesnt go to his usual club，for it is being decorated these days.史密斯先生沒有去他常去的那個俱樂部，因為這些天那個俱樂部正在裝修。

7、狀語從句一、時間狀語從句when，while，as引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。01引導(dǎo)詞用 法when既可以表示在某一時間點，又可表示在某一段時間內(nèi)，主句與從句的動作或事情可以同時發(fā)生，也可以先后發(fā)生。whilewhile表示“當?shù)臅r候”或“在某一段時間里”。主句中的動作或事情在從句中的動作或事情的進展過程中發(fā)生，從句中的動詞一般要用延續(xù)性動詞。asas表示“當?shù)臅r候”，往往和when/while通用，但它著重強調(diào)主句與從句的動作或事情同時或幾乎同時發(fā)生，可以譯為“隨著”、“一邊一邊”。一、時間狀語從句when，while，as引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。01When he knocked at the do

8、or，I was working at the table.他敲門時我正在桌子旁邊工作。Mary made coffee while her guests were having their meal.客人們在吃飯的時候，瑪麗煮咖啡。As the time went on，the weather got worse.隨著時間的推移，天氣更加糟糕了。一、時間狀語從句before和since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。02He went off before I could say goodbye.我沒來得及和他說再見，他就走了。He had worked in the factory for ten y

9、ears before he retired.他在這個工廠工作了十年之后退休了。John thinks it wont be long before he is ready for his new job.約翰認為不久他就能為他的新工作做好準備。(1)before表示表示“在在之之前；還前；還未未就就；還沒來得還沒來得及及就就”。常用于以下句常用于以下句型：型：It will be一段時間一段時間before.多久之后多久之后才才It wont be long before. 不久之后不久之后就就It was一段時間一段時間before. 過了多久過了多久才才一、時間狀語從句before和si

10、nce引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。02I have heard a lot of good things about you since I came back from abroad.自從我從國外回來，我就聽說了很多關(guān)于你的好事。(2)since表示表示“自自從從”，從句中常用一般過去時，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時。，從句中常用一般過去時，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時。 名師指津since后若接延續(xù)性動詞或表示狀態(tài)的動詞過去式則表示從后若接延續(xù)性動詞或表示狀態(tài)的動詞過去式則表示從since后面的動作或狀態(tài)結(jié)束到現(xiàn)在的時間。后面的動作或狀態(tài)結(jié)束到現(xiàn)在的時間。It is ten years since they were

11、 married.他們離婚十年了。一、時間狀語從句as soon as，the moment，the minute，the second，the instant，immediately，directly，instantly，no sooner.than.，hardly/scarcely.when.引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。03He jumped off the couch the moment the telephone rang.電話一響，他就從沙發(fā)上跳起來了。He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheeri

12、ng.No sooner had he finished his speech than the students started cheering.他剛完成演講，學(xué)生們就開始歡呼起來。一、時間狀語從句every time，each time，next time，the first time引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。04Next time you go shopping，buy a few extra fruits and vegetables.下次你去買東西，多買點水果蔬菜。一、時間狀語從句the morning，the day，the week，the month，the year等引導(dǎo)的時間狀

13、語從句。05He left Europe the year World War broke out.第二次世界大戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)那一年他離開了歐洲。一、時間狀語從句till和until引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。06Have you heard the meeting will be put off till/until next Tuesday?這個會議將被推遲到下周二，你有沒有聽說？I didnt go to bed until/till my father came back.直到我父親回來我才上床睡覺。如果主句中的謂語動詞是如果主句中的謂語動詞是瞬時動詞瞬時動詞時，必須用時，必須用否定形式否定形式；如果

14、主句中的謂語動詞是；如果主句中的謂語動詞是延續(xù)性動詞延續(xù)性動詞時，則用時，則用肯定或否定形式肯定或否定形式都可以，但表達的意思不同。都可以，但表達的意思不同。二、地點狀語從句If you happen to get lost in the wild，youd better stay where you are and wait for help.如果你碰巧在野外迷路了，你最好呆在原地等待幫助。He determined to go wherever he was most needed.他決定去最需要他的地方。地點狀語從句通常由連詞where和wherever引導(dǎo)，從句可位于主句之前，也可位于

15、主句之后。 名師指津地點狀語從句在句首時常兼有抽象條件意味。地點狀語從句在句首時常兼有抽象條件意味。Where theres a will，theres a way.有志者，事竟成。三、條件狀語從句My parents dont mind what job I do as long as I am happy.我的父母不在意我從事什么工作，只要我高興就好。You can go swimming on condition that you dont go too far from the river bank.只有不離河岸太遠你才能下河游泳。Suppose/Supposing(that) the

16、y refuse us，who else can we turn to for help?假如他們拒絕了我們，我們還可以求助誰？條件狀語從句的常見引導(dǎo)詞有：條件狀語從句的常見引導(dǎo)詞有：ifif，unless (unless (除非除非) )，so/as long as (so/as long as (只要只要) )，on on condition that (condition that (條件是條件是) )，if only (if only (如果如果就好了就好了) )，in case (in case (萬一，如果萬一，如果) )，suppose/supposing that/assumi

17、ng that/provided that(suppose/supposing that/assuming that/provided that(假設(shè)，如果假設(shè)，如果) )等。等。 名師指津在條件狀語從句中，常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來含義。If everyone does his part，the project will surely be a success.如果大家都盡責(zé)，這個項目肯定會成功。四、讓步狀語從句although，though，while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。01Though/Although/While a smart phone is a great help，we shoul

18、dnt spend too much time on it.盡管智能手機很有幫助，但我們不應(yīng)該在它上面花太多時間。四、讓步狀語從句as，though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句需用部分倒裝。02Hot as/though the night air was，we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.在長途跋涉之后，盡管夜晚的空氣很熱，我們還是因為累睡得很熟。四、讓步狀語從句even if/even though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。03Even though the forest park is far away，a l

19、ot of tourists visit it every year.盡管森林公園很遠，可是很多游客每年都來參觀。四、讓步狀語從句One can always manage to do more things，however/no matter how full ones schedule is in life.一個人總是能夠設(shè)法做更多的事情，無論他生活中的時間安排得有多滿?！耙蓡栐~ever”和“no matter疑問詞”引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，意為“無論”。04四、讓步狀語從句Well go on with the work，whether we can find the necessary t

20、ools or we cannot.不管我們能否找到所需的工具，我們都要把這項工作做下去。whether.or.引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，意為“不論還是”，表示正反兩種情況都不會影響主句的意向或結(jié)果。05五、原因狀語從句He was punished because he cheated in the final exam.由于在期末考試中作弊，他受到了懲罰。because譯作“因為”，表示直接原因，語氣較強，能回答由why提出的問句。01原因狀語從句可由原因狀語從句可由because，as，since，now that，in that，considering (that)等詞引等詞引導(dǎo)。導(dǎo)。五、原

21、因狀語從句As he was very busy，we went to the cinema without him.由于他很忙，我們沒帶他一起去看電影。Now that you have got a job，you should learn to be independent of your parents.既然你找到了一份工作，你應(yīng)該學(xué)會獨立不依靠父母。as譯作“由于”，語氣較輕，常表示顯而易見的原因；since (既然)，now that (既然)，in that (因為)，considering (that)表示雙方都知道的原因，語氣較弱。as，since和now that引導(dǎo)的從句多

22、位于主句之前。02六、方式狀語從句We must do as the 19th CPC National Congress tells us (to do)我們必須按照黨的十九大的指示辦事。He jumped as if he had got the first place.他跳了起來像得了一等獎一樣。引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句的從屬連詞有引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句的從屬連詞有as，as if，as though等。方式狀語從句應(yīng)放在主句等。方式狀語從句應(yīng)放在主句之后。其中之后。其中as if或或as though引導(dǎo)的從句常用引導(dǎo)的從句常用虛擬語氣虛擬語氣，但如果從句中所陳述的情況，但如果從句中所陳述的情況很可

23、能實現(xiàn)，也可用很可能實現(xiàn)，也可用陳述語氣陳述語氣。七、結(jié)果狀語從句引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的從屬連詞有：引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的從屬連詞有：so.that.，such.that.，so/such that.，其結(jié)，其結(jié)構(gòu)形式為：構(gòu)形式為：so形容詞形容詞/副詞副詞that從句從句so形容詞形容詞a/an可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)that從句從句somany/much/few/little（少）名詞（少）名詞that從句從句sucha/an形容詞可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形容詞可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)that從句從句such形容詞可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形容詞可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞that從句從句七、結(jié)果狀語從句Its such an

24、important match that we cant miss it.The match is so important that we cant miss it.這次比賽非常重要，我們不能錯過。He is such a learned person that we admire him very much.He is so learned a person that we admire him very much.He is so learned that we admire him very much.他如此有學(xué)問，以至于我們非常贊賞他。It is such fine weather

25、that we all want to go hiking.天氣如此晴朗，以至于我們都想去遠足。Yesterday Yang Cheng got up early so that she caught the first bus.昨天楊成起得很早，因此，她趕上了早班車。八、目的狀語從句in order that和so that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句01兩個連詞都意為兩個連詞都意為“以以便便；為為了了”，它們引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中常用情態(tài)動詞。，它們引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中常用情態(tài)動詞。He studies very hard so that/in order that he can be admitted in

26、to a key university in the coming year.他學(xué)習(xí)非常努力，為了能在來年考上重點大學(xué)。八、目的狀語從句for fear that，in case (that)，so that和lest引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句02引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句時，引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句時，for fear that表示表示“害怕，擔心某事會發(fā)生害怕，擔心某事會發(fā)生”；in case (that) / lest表示表示“以防出現(xiàn)某種情況以防出現(xiàn)某種情況”。Please remind me to watch the TV program Growing tomorrow in case I forget.請

27、提醒我明天看電視節(jié)目成長，以防我忘了。. 用適當?shù)倪B詞填空1_ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.(2017北京卷)2If you dont understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people _ you figure it out.(2017北京卷)3Located _ the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute mo

28、re to the Belt and Road construction.(2017江蘇卷)4Peter, please send us postcards _ well know where you have visited.No problem.(2017北京卷)5In much of Asia, especially the socalled “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, _ Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.(2016全國卷)Although/Though/While

29、until/tillwhere so and . 用適當?shù)倪B詞填空6Over time, _ the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.(2016全國卷)7All the classmates are friendly and kind, _ you dont need to worry about the difficulty.8I worked hard at English， _ I failed to pass the midterm ex

30、amination.9We have lived in this city _ I moved here in 1990.10We need some more facts and data _ we make the final decision. as/when so but since before . 用適當?shù)倪B詞填空11I was busy preparing for my tomorrows test _ loud noises came into my room.12You like playing tennis _ Id rather read novels.13He wont

31、 be here _ he is invited.14I dont really like the author， _ I have to admit his books are very exciting.15Cathy had quit her job when her son was born _ she could stay home and raise her family.when while unless although/though so that/in order that. 用適當?shù)倪B詞填空16Jack wasnt saying anything，but the teac

32、her smiled at him _ he had done something very clever.17Half an hour later，Lucy still couldnt get a taxi _ the bus had dropped her.18 _ the numbers of such developments are relatively small，the potential market is large.19 _ you choose to settle down，you should attempt to fit in with the local peopl

33、e.20Hard _ my brother studied，he wasnt qualified enough for a good university. as if where While/Though/Although Wherever as/though . 單句改錯1Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructors orders, so once I started the car, my mind went blank.(2017全國卷)2Though not very big，but the

34、restaurant is popular in our area.(2016全國卷) 3If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money.(2016全國卷)4The chance is so precious as Im really looking forward to your approval.5Its been a week after we left your family and we are now back home.but/yetandthatsince. 單句改錯6In th

35、e end，we drove to a service station and waited there unless the road was clear.7Although history cant be changed，but lessons can be learned to face the future.8Great changes have taken place after you left this city.9With you grow older，youll know better and better about yourself.10It took several w

36、eeks when I made this clear.till/until或或butyetsince As before. 翻譯句子1如果你有問題，請告知我。(2017全國卷書面表達)2邁克是一個如此誠實的工人，以至于我們都相信他。3不久你就會為你的所作所為后悔的。If you have any questions，please let me know.Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe in him. /Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe in him.It will

37、not be long before you regret for what youve done. 翻譯句子4他不但是我的朋友，也是我的老師。5只要我們堅持夢想、永不放棄，我們一定會取得成功。6不管在生活中我們可能遇到多大的挑戰(zhàn)，我們都應(yīng)該勇敢面對。He is not only my friend，but also my teacher.So long as we hold fast to our ideals and never give up，we are bound to achieve success.However great a challenge we may meet in

38、our life，we should face it bravely. 語法填空 The Paralympics are 1._ greatest sporting event for disabled athletes in the world. Athletes from several different disability groups take part during the eleven days of competition. However，both the organizers 2._ the athletes stress that the sporting perfor

39、mance is whats important，rather than the participants disabilities. The Paralympics 3._ (come) a long way since 1948，4._ a sports competition was first arranged in England for disabled World War soldiers. Competitors from Holland joined a few years later，and in Rome in 1960 the more official，Olympic

40、style Paralympics 5._ (organise)theandhave comewhenwere organised. 語法填空 The Paralympics include both Summer and Winter Games and now take place alongside the Olympics at the same place in the same year. Events such as wheelchair rugby are very popular 6._ the audience and require great skill. Anothe

41、r favourite is threetrack skiing. Here disabled competitors ski on one leg 7._ they were supporting themselves on two crutches (拐杖拐杖) which also have small skis 8._ (attach) to them. In recent years the Paralympics have grown 9._ (rapid) in popularity and in the number of athletes taking part. This

42、10._ (grow) will continue in the future as more and more countries send representatives to the Games.with/amongwhileattachedrapidlygrowth. 短文改錯 Now I still remember what happened to me one day when I was six，play outside of Grandpas house. I saw my grandpas truck and think，Grandpa shouldnt have to d

43、rive so an ugly truck. Then I found some paint in his garage. How a good idea！I got a brush and painted small lovely flower all over the truck. I was on the roof finishing the job while Grandpa walked up to the truck. He looked very surprising. I was afraid of being scolded (責(zé)責(zé)罵罵)，and he didnt blame me. Instead of，he said to me，“Lily，thats prettiest truck Ive ever seen！”playingthoughtsuchWhatflowerswhensurprisedbutthe