喜歡就充值下載吧。。資源目錄里展示的文件全都有，，請(qǐng)放心下載，，有疑問咨詢QQ:414951605或者1304139763 ======================== 喜歡就充值下載吧。。資源目錄里展示的文件全都有，，請(qǐng)放心下載，，有疑問咨詢QQ:414951605或者1304139763 ======================== 湖南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)全日制普通本科生 畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)）開題報(bào)告 學(xué)生姓名 學(xué) 號(hào) 年級(jí)專業(yè)及班級(jí) 指導(dǎo)教師及職稱 副教授 學(xué) 院 工學(xué)院 2013 年 1 月 7 日 畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)）題目 升降橫移式雙層立體車庫(kù)的設(shè)計(jì) 文獻(xiàn)綜述（選題研究意義、國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀、主要參考文獻(xiàn)等，不少于1000字） 一、選題研究意義 機(jī)械式立體車庫(kù)與傳統(tǒng)的自然地下車庫(kù)相比，在許多方面都顯示出優(yōu)越性。首先，機(jī)械式立體車庫(kù)具有突出的節(jié)地優(yōu)勢(shì)。以往的地下車庫(kù)由于要留出足夠的行車通道，平均一輛車就要占據(jù)40平方米的面積，而如果采用雙層機(jī)械車庫(kù)，可使地面的使用率提高80％—90％；同時(shí)機(jī)械式立體車庫(kù)與地下車庫(kù)相比可更加有效地保證人身和車輛的安全，人在車庫(kù)內(nèi)或車不停準(zhǔn)位置，由電子控制的整個(gè)設(shè)備便不會(huì)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。應(yīng)該說，機(jī)械式立體車庫(kù)從管理上可以做到徹底的人車分流。 二、國(guó)內(nèi)外研究及應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀 機(jī)械式停車設(shè)備的應(yīng)用已有30多年的歷史了。發(fā)展較早、較好的有韓國(guó)、德國(guó)、日本等。在亞洲，機(jī)械式停車設(shè)備采用較早應(yīng)用較普遍的是韓國(guó)、日本和我國(guó)臺(tái)灣省。 韓國(guó)機(jī)械式停車設(shè)備行業(yè)的發(fā)展歷程比較平穩(wěn)。20世紀(jì)70年代中期為起步階段，80年代為引進(jìn)階段，90年代為供應(yīng)使用階段。由于這幾個(gè)階段受到了政府的高度重視，各種機(jī)械式停車設(shè)備得到了普遍的開發(fā)和利用，年遞增速度達(dá)到30%；2000年以來為發(fā)展階段，自動(dòng)化停車設(shè)備將隨供應(yīng)量不斷的擴(kuò)大而迅速發(fā)展。 我國(guó)在20世紀(jì)80年代初開始研制和使用機(jī)械式停車設(shè)備。80年代是起步階段，90年代以來，隨著汽車工業(yè)和建筑業(yè)的發(fā)展，尤其是轎車進(jìn)入家庭后，停車設(shè)備的應(yīng)用逐步推廣，己經(jīng)形成了新興的停車設(shè)備行業(yè)，步入了引進(jìn)、開發(fā)、制造、使用相結(jié)合的初步發(fā)展階段。目前我國(guó)城市停車的主要類型還是大型公共停車庫(kù)，規(guī)模大，占地面積較大，建設(shè)資金大，停放車輛多，主要應(yīng)用于車輛停放的密集區(qū)如商業(yè)中心區(qū)、大型的車站等，這都需要有較大的建設(shè)地面和空間?，F(xiàn)在還沒有應(yīng)用于城市住宅小區(qū)的立體車庫(kù)來解決私人汽車的停放問題，為了解決住宅小區(qū)內(nèi)的停車問題，只能利用小區(qū)內(nèi)較小的面積，建立中小型機(jī)械式立體車庫(kù)，占地面積少，存放的車輛多，而且能使住戶存取車輛時(shí)，既便捷又安全可靠。垂直循環(huán)式機(jī)械立體停車庫(kù)以其土地利用率和空間利用率高，使用操作簡(jiǎn)單、靈活，安全可靠，適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)等諸多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，是解決大城市住宅小區(qū)停車問題的主要發(fā)展方向，將會(huì)在新開發(fā)的住宅小區(qū)及舊社區(qū)里大顯身手。目前我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)正處在高速發(fā)展時(shí)期，隨著人們生活水平的不斷提高，汽車進(jìn)入家庭的步伐持續(xù)加快，停車產(chǎn)業(yè)市場(chǎng)前景廣闊。機(jī)械式立體停車庫(kù)既可以大面積使用，也可以見縫插針設(shè)置，還能與地面停車場(chǎng)、地下停車庫(kù)和停車樓組合實(shí)施。是解決城市停車難最有效的手段，也是停車產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的必由之路。 三、參考文獻(xiàn) [1].實(shí)用機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)，吳相憲主編，中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)出版社,1993 [2].機(jī)械零件設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)，吳宗澤主編，機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社，2001 [3].機(jī)床夾具設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)，王光斗主編，上海科學(xué)技術(shù)出版社，1988 [4].金屬機(jī)械加工工藝人員手冊(cè)，趙如福主編，上海科學(xué)技術(shù)出版社，1995 研究方案（研究目的、內(nèi)容、方法、預(yù)期成果、條件保障等） 一、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的目的和意義 目的：為培養(yǎng)學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)及其他有關(guān)知識(shí)，去分析、解決實(shí)際問題的能力，深化、擴(kuò)展課程的理論知識(shí)。使學(xué)生掌握機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)的一般方法和步驟，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生獨(dú)立的設(shè)計(jì)能力，樹立正確的設(shè)計(jì)思想，為將來工作打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。通過專題訓(xùn)練，可對(duì)學(xué)生在今后學(xué)術(shù)發(fā)展方面有一定系統(tǒng)方面的幫助。 意義：通過對(duì)升降橫移式雙層立體車庫(kù)的設(shè)計(jì)可以印證學(xué)生的綜合能力，為學(xué)生能力獲得企業(yè)認(rèn)可打基礎(chǔ)。 二、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)流程 1、升降橫移式雙層立體停車設(shè)備的總體結(jié)構(gòu)研究 綜合考慮各方面因素，在參照和對(duì)比國(guó)內(nèi)外同類停車設(shè)備的基礎(chǔ)上，完成了本車庫(kù)的總體結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)。 2、車庫(kù)存取結(jié)構(gòu)的研究 選取鏈傳動(dòng)橫移機(jī)構(gòu)作為本車庫(kù)的車輛存取機(jī)構(gòu)，根據(jù)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中的規(guī)定，設(shè)計(jì)了車庫(kù)停車位、載車板的具體結(jié)構(gòu)。然后由此為尺寸參考，完成了鏈傳動(dòng)橫移存取機(jī)構(gòu)的詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)。 3、車庫(kù)升降系統(tǒng)的研究 采取曳引式升降驅(qū)動(dòng)形式作為升降系統(tǒng)的提升形式，對(duì)曳引能力進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)算，選用變頻變壓調(diào)速電機(jī)作為提升系統(tǒng)的電機(jī)，并完成了升降系統(tǒng)的安全機(jī)構(gòu)的研究和設(shè)計(jì)。 4、立體車庫(kù)總體鋼結(jié)構(gòu)骨架的研究與設(shè)計(jì) 通過對(duì)比 ，設(shè)計(jì)了立體車庫(kù)的鋼結(jié)構(gòu)骨架，對(duì)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)骨架進(jìn)行了各種工況的受力分析和變形分析，找出了鋼結(jié)構(gòu)骨架的最大應(yīng)力作用單元和最大變形單元。驗(yàn)證設(shè)計(jì)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)滿足剛度和強(qiáng)度要求。在此基礎(chǔ)上，建立鋼結(jié)構(gòu)骨架優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)模型，對(duì)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)骨架進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)，進(jìn)一步降低材料的消耗，提高車庫(kù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)性。 進(jìn)程計(jì)劃（各研究環(huán)節(jié)的時(shí)間安排、實(shí)施進(jìn)度、完成程度等） 2012年12月至2013年2月：收集資料，了解升降橫移式立體停車庫(kù)的工作原理 2013年3月1日至20日：繪制系統(tǒng)裝配圖 2013年3月21日至4月20日：繪制3-4張零件圖 2013年4月11日至4月20日：編寫設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算說明書 2013年4月21日至5月6日：選定主要零部件的型號(hào)、參數(shù) 論證小組意見 組長(zhǎng)簽名： 20 13 年 1 月 13 日 專業(yè)委員會(huì)意見 專業(yè)委員會(huì)主任簽名： 20 13 年 1 月 13 日 INTELLIGENT ELEVATOR-SHAFT GARAGE 1.A three-dimensional outlines garage Vehicles parked nowhere is the problem of the urban social, economic and transport development to a certain extent the result, Garage Equipment development in foreign countries, especially in Japan nearly 30-40 years. whether technically or in terms of experience had been a success. China is also in the beginning of the 1990s developed mechanical parking equipment, which was 10 years in the past. As many new households within the district and the parking ratio of 1:1. To address the size of parking spaces for tenants and business areas contradictions 3D mechanical parking equipment with an average size of a small motorcycle's unique characteristics, the majority of users have been accepted. Machinery garage with the traditional natural underground garage, in many respects to demonstrate its superiority. First, the mechanical garage with a prominent section of superiority. Past due to the underground garage must elapse enough lanes, the average car will occupy an area of 40 square meters, If the use of double-mechanical garage, which would enable ground to improve the utilization rate of around 80% to 90%, If using ground multi-storey (21 storeys), three-dimensional garage, 50 square meters of land area will be placed on the 40 cars, which can greatly save the limited land resources, Civil and save development costs. Mechanical garage and underground garage can be more effective than to ensurepersonal and vehicle safety in the garage or car kept prospective location, the entire electronic control equipment would not operate. It should be said that the mechanical garage from the management can do a thorough separation of people and vehicles. In the underground garage using mechanical parking, but also can remove the heating, ventilation, therefore, Operation of the power consumption than workers in the managementof underground garage is much lower. Machinery sets are usually not in the garage, but asingle from the packaging. This will give full play to its small space, the advantages of decentralized, Each of the residential areas or groups downstairs to make a complete circuit can be set up random mechanical parking building. This garage right now the district to solvethe shortage of parking difficulty in providing convenient conditions. Currently, three-dimensional garage mainly in the following forms : lifting and transferring, tunnel-stacker, vertical-type, Vertical circulation, box-level cycle, the level of circulating round. (1) lifting and transferring Lifting and transferring Garage modular design, each module can be designed into two, three, four levels, the five-story, semi-submerged in various forms, such as the number of parking spaces from a few to hundreds. This applies three-dimensional garage on the ground and underground car parks, configuration flexibility and low cost. 1. Product features : 1) save land, the configuration flexibility, shorter construction period. 2) low prices, firefighting and exterior decoration, with a total investment on small foundations. 3) use automatic control, simple structure, safe and reliable. 4) access to a quick, short waiting times. 5) Run a smooth, low noise. 6) applies to commercial, offices, residential quarters supporting the use of car parks. 2. Safety devices : Anti-dropping device, a photoelectric sensor, spacing protectors, emergency stop switch. (2) - Roadway Stacker Aisle stacking garage used as a stacking machine tool access vehicles, All vehicles are stacking machine access, so the Stacker higher technical requirements, single stacker highercosts So aisle stacking apply to the parking garage needs a few more customers. (3) vertical Garage Vertical Garage Elevator similar to the principle that both sides of the hoist layout spaces. generally need a ground vehicle rotary tables can be saved by the driver away. Vertical Garage generally higher high (tens of meters), safety equipment, Installation precision machining requirements are very high, high cost, but has the smallest area. (4) Vertical cycle Product features : 1) covers an area of small, two berths area can stop 6-10 vehicles. 2) The decoration can be added only roof, fire hydrants available. 3) low prices, foundation, external decoration, fire and other small investment, short construction periods. 4) use automatic control, safe and reliable operation. 2.Three-dimensional garage automatic control system : Large modern architectural mainstream intelligent buildings and residential communities. So auto-parking garage equipment or automatic control system will become intelligent buildings and residential communities an important component of pm. Simple, fast, easy to use, safe, reliable, and less maintenance, to provide users with a safe, easy to use environment, This is auto-parking feature of the basic equipment. All parking equipment operatingconditions, vehicles parked in time, vehicle storage Malaysia, garage storage capacity. Vehicles kept high and low peaks, and other information can be transmitted through the network of intelligent control center through intelligent control center operator, and the broadcasting system and the management office of the Division linked related to early releasecontrol, management information, thus achieving all the intelligent management. Buildingand the Community through the intelligent control of the center could also associated with social networking functions. Information released to the collection coming out or expand utilization of the garage social and economic benefits. This will be the automation of the development direction of the garage. Solid Garage automation control system include the following five major subsystems : automatic toll collection management system automatic access systems for remote diagnosis system, automatic Gate, control security system. Subsystems are more unified control of the central control room, for customers planning Garage form of management, Published garage inventory capacity, traffic control program. (1) Automatic Toll Management System Automatic charging non-contact IC cards. IC cards with the long-card two. For fixed users, the issue of long-term cards, the cost of fixed users pay management fees paid together; On the temporary users, issue stored-value cards, namely : the user fees paid cards exist within each parking card reader automatically deducted from the cost. (2) Automatic vehicle access system Automatic vehicle access system generally small PLC control. including the identification card number and mobile disc contains two cars process. Users enter the garage at the entrance to Swiping cards, reader data automatically transmitted to the PLC control system, PLC system through the judgment card number and automatically set the corresponding site mobile trucks and vehicles to the handover location, the garage door opened, shorten the time access to cars. Cun truck drivers light signals in accordance with the guidelines created only when vehicles parked in a safe location, Parking will be normal light-Kai. Access car after the completion of the garage doors shut down automatically. Mobile site contains car, the system in strict accordance with the various signal detection mobile state, including long signal detection, Detection in place, the position detection limit, officers hit detection, emergency stop signal detection. If cars are running plate is not in place or vehicle length in excess of the permitted length of the garage, all vehicles disc will contain no action, If detected emergency stop signal to stop all action until the emergency stop signal disappeared. Above signals are hardware signals, in addition, the software can also be installed to control signal protection, such as the protection of the time, to ensure that the damage due to hardware failure to signal equipment and the main guarantee for the safety of vehicles. (3) Remote diagnosis system Controllers can spot card, hubs and other network equipment and control center connected to the LAN, MODEN through remote management, monitoring the operation of the scene, when the scene failure, in the control center can be addressed to facilitate the management, e-office security personnel. (4) Automatic Gate In the garage entrance of the no-contact reader, and the Gate of coil users in the garage entrances Swiping cards, the system automatically discriminant validity of the card, if valid, the Gate open automatically, through induction coils, Automatic self-closing fence; If invalid, the Gate is not open, and sound and light alarm. (5) Monitoring security system Monitoring security system is in the central control room for monitoring and controlling the operation of the garage scene conditions. It has motion detection, license plate recognition, network connections, different types of alarm systems linkage, and other functions, can be achieved unguarded. System : Video monitoring function : the garage entrances, and the duty, the main segments within the garage installation focusing cameras, On the larger spaces installation spherical platforms, in order to achieve all-round garage on real-time monitoring. If the garage light conditions of the poor would use black-and-white cameras. Motion Detection functions : setting up the night in the garage of motion detection region, detecting when there are a moving target, Motion Detection and Alarm function remind staffs. LPR functions : it can set up the garage light vehicle license plates, vehicle. When the light vehicles entering the garage regional surveillance, the system automatically cross-referenced with images of a very odd situation, issued a warning signal, and automatic switching and record their images. Alarm linkage functions : all can move even the police mainframe, If activated Relay acousto-optic warning issued notice of security personnel to voluntarily disarm Gate interception of vehicular access. Digital video functions : it with a continuous record of what happened in the garage, can be synchronized intervals over images arbitrary choice of the overall image to enlarge and local amplification, recording, playback, backup can be conducted all kinds of information. Reportedly, has begun an increasing number of residential quarters began to use a mechanical garage. Taking into account the cost and maintenance, the majority of the district is a multi-storey lifting and transferring parking equipment, mass storage mechanical garage also rarely. Lifting and transferring Garage Equipment parking flow indicate the following : 1)The sense of light yellow instructions garage operation. Red lamp was ongoing operating instructions, please wait; Green light is currently no operating instructions, can operate; yellow light instructions were to fail, the garage can not work. 2) Stores in operation Drivers of vehicles entering from the garage entrance. At the entrance of non-contact sensors Reader former regional shaken following their IC cards, induction process completed, the fence automatically rises driver drove into the garage. Vehicles, fencing to shut down automatically. Card is the controller to read spaces, corresponding to the parking garage containing cars moved to the site automatically transfer vehicle location, Automatic garage door open units. Car drivers entering and parking in place, Latin hand brake, alighted out of the garage, using IC cards in the garage exit Huang about IC cards Garage door modules to shut down automatically. Completed deposit truck operators. 3) the operator Drivers entering the garage at the entrance to the non-contact sensors Reader former regional shaken following their IC cards Controller automatically read spaces, corresponding to the parking garage containing cars moved to the site automatically transfer vehicle location, Automatic garage door open modules, drivers entering the garage and drive out, in the garage exit of the automatic reader before induction regional dazzle your own IC cards, sensors finished, the reader receive information, Host controller automatically recorded, prepaid, automatically raising the fence, the driver drove the playing field, appeared after fencing to shut down automatically. Meanwhile, Controller automatically read spaces, corresponding to the garage door unit shut down automatically. Vehicle operation finished. Garage in the course of operation, a complete self-protection devices. A series of photoelectric switches, proximity switches, trip switches and other vehicles on site contains accurate operation in place to play a decisive role; Falling unique defense installations, broken rope warning device, speeding vehicle protection device to protect the security role played. Detection of long vehicles, vehicle parking is not in place detection, and personnel into a detection signal of vehicles and the safety play a decisive role. 3, Examples This garage for lifting and transferring parking equipment, a total of 24 units, eachdivided into two platoons, A total of three floors, the upper, middle and lower income groups, the rows have eight parking spaces, a total of 16 parking spaces. The middle layer of the lane, users completed in the middle conveying, machine, transfer operations to operate. Number of parking spaces for each are as follows : A~R which contains car site for the location of numbers range from 1 to 16 for the disk containing car (parking) numbers. 1-3 to set upper front car plates, 4-5 middle of the front row containing car plates, 6-8 to set lower front car plate. 9 to 11 for the post Top row contains car plates, 12 ~ 13 for the middle rear disc containing car, the rear of the lower 14 to 16 cars containing disks, "" bridge vehicle code (for the cars to the rear storage bypass). 1~3,6~8,9~11,14~16 only up and down, 4~5,12~13. it could move around. The three-dimensional automatic garage access control system, including the car of weakand strong -- the two systems. Weak system consists mainly of various signal acquisition, alarm and control output. Strong electricity system, including car disc containing motor control circuits. (1) electroweak system : 1. Signal Detection : Garage signal control procedures is an important basis for the implementation. Under the control procedures to detect the signal sequence of implementation, control output. Each pair of upper and lower plate containing cars, running only increased, decreased movement, site contains space for parking cars only upper or lower, have the following signal detection : car plates are considered toe, set cars on the site limit, are considered vehicles under the toe plate, the site contains car under the limit. The site contains car win, and are equipped with safety link is also linked to the two states, namely electricity link open and closed power outages, and the adoption of a specific itinerary switch to obtain information linked to the state. Set up car plate process, detected signals could identify toe will automatically cease to function, if considered on the toe switch has been damaged, system is not detected signal, cars disk will contain the continued operation, run to the upper limit switch Department, Limit on the signal will be cut off electrical power, electrical blackouts, unable to continue operation, the insurance plays a dual role. Site contains car down process, corresponding to the first open link, the system detected the signal to open linking, System started to decline, if not linked to open car containing disk will not fall. Dropped process, when the detection of recognizing toe signal and automatically cease to function, if considered under the toe switch has been damaged, system did not detect signals disk containing cars will continue to run down, when the operation to the next when the limit switch, under the limit will cut off the electrical signal power, so that the electrical outage, unable to continue operation, the insurance plays a dual role. PLC also has delayed protection, the site contains car started running at the same time, PLC start time, when time to time, and the site contains car is not running in place, the site contains car stopped running, while warning system. In addition, if the two were considered switching the site damaged disc set cars running in place without the return signals, set cars disk will continue upward or running, thus the occurrence of unpredictable incidents, but by the time PLC protection can be set cars on the site running play third layer of protection. Set cars on the middle site, the only running left and right movement of movements, set disk space for parking cars only left - or right spaces Therefore, the following signal detection : the D-4, E-4, E-5, F-5, the M-12, N-12, N-13, O-13. On the 4th disc contains car shifted to the right, the detection of E-signal, will cease operation; Backspace, D-detected signal, stopped operation. Set cars on the 5th disc shifted to the right, the detection of F-signal, it stopped operation, which is 5 car plate shifted, the detection of the E-signal will cease operations. On the 12th disc contains bits vehicles, M-detected signal, will cease operation; Shifted to the right, the detection of N-signal will cease operations. Car on the 13th disc contains bits, N-detected signal, will cease operation; Shifted to the right, the detection of O-signal will cease operations. As the garage out of the double-parking their vehicles behind the car out front must rely on the bridge cars, Control of the bridge to cars rear vehicle access is the key. The bridge has three cars running position and the left, middle and right, it is three signal : the bridge car D, E bridge in the car, F bridge car. In addition, each vehicle equipped with extra-long parking detection, when the system detected long signal, all vehicles containing disk can not move, to protect the safety of vehicles. Entrance to the garage with staff being diverted to detect, prevent officers from the disk containing car into a running process, in the event of accidents; We also have the entrance to the garage doors or movements with railings to prevent staff being diverted to play the role But lifting the door open or closed railings by the interlock system running state control. 2. Emergency Stop signal : Emergency Stop Switch system to be provided, obviously, when the accident happened? Emergency Stop Switch to cut off all electrical power. so are unable to continue to operate car plate to protect the safety of personnel and equipment. 3. Output control signals : Output direction control signals including motor control signals, motor control signals control have electromagnet. lost signal, a warning signal light control, lighting control signals garage. (2) strong electricity system : Including some strong rotating motor contactor, control motor contactor. PLC output signals to the contactor coil connected with the closing of the contactor contro. (3) System design : PLC control system, there are automatic, manual, overhaul three states. Maintenance of state, all control signals not participate. In manual and automatic modes, all signals into the PLC, PLC in accordance with the external signal, the output control signals. rotating motor contactor coil and electrical contactor coil to control the operation of the site contains car. Interlocking control system linkage : 1, the upper plate is not set upper or operation of vehicles not win, and middle-disc set cars and trucks not to mention the operation. 2, or the next lower plate cars are not operating under the middle disk containing cars and trucks not to mention the operation. 3, the middle plate and set cars not to mention cars running in place, upper and lo