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1、 課時(shí)素養(yǎng)評(píng)價(jià)十二 Unit 4 Body Language Using Language Ⅰ. 根據(jù)所給語境或提示詞填空 1. Confucius started the private teaching of the wind, to become the world’s one of the greatest educators (教育家). 2. Your job is to tick (標(biāo)出)the names of those presents at the meeting. 3. You can lean (倚, 靠) the wet umbrellas on

2、the shelf. 4. If something bad happens on a particular day, people have a tendency to associate that day with the negative event. 5. The development of the sites will have implications (imply)for the surrounding countryside. 6. He occupied himself with packing the luggage. 7. How do you per

3、ceive (理解) the morality of career? 8. The leader can perceive the people’s anxiety (渴望)for the war to end. 9. This can make them nervous or embarrassed about speaking English in public. 10. Trust is a vital component (成分, 局部) in any relationship. Ⅱ. 完成句子 1. The purpose of having a small ta

4、lk is to show the other person that you are willing to make a conversation. ? 閑聊的目的是讓其他人知道你很樂意交談。 2. I tend to gain weight around the holidays. ? 我打算在假期增加體重。 3. She was amused by her father’s funny stories. ? 她父親那些逗人的故事使她很開心。 4. It was only three years ago, but it feels as though decades have

5、 passed. ? 不過只是三年前, 但是感覺好似已經(jīng)過了幾十年。 5. Being a kindly person, he never has conflict with his neighborhoods. ? 他是一個(gè)很友善的人, 從不和他的鄰居有矛盾。 6. The factory will compensate their workers if they are hurt at work. ? 如果工人在工作中受傷, 工廠會(huì)給予他們受傷補(bǔ)償。 7. But experts said no one should stare at the sun with naked e

6、yes too long. ? 但專家告誡說, 不能長(zhǎng)時(shí)間用肉眼注視太陽。 8. Let your body adjust to the temperature. ? 讓你的身體適應(yīng)溫度。 9. It helped me learn how to speak in public and interact with audiences. ? 它幫助我學(xué)會(huì)了如何在公眾面前講話, 如何同聽眾互動(dòng)。 Ⅲ. 英譯漢 1. I think coffee tastes good, but not everybody likes drinking it. 我認(rèn)為咖啡品嘗起來不錯(cuò), 但是并非

7、每個(gè)人都喜歡喝。 2. He sounds as though he has the weight of the world on him. 他讓人聽著好似全世界的重量都?jí)涸谒砩稀? 3. While some see the bright side of the policy, others worry that it will lead to a baby boom in China. 一些人看到了政策的光明面, 另一些人那么擔(dān)憂這會(huì)導(dǎo)致中國(guó)的生育頂峰。 4. She sensed that mastering a foreign language and programm

8、ing skills could be the key to a good programming job. 她意識(shí)到掌握一門外語和編程技能可能是找到一份好的編程工作的關(guān)鍵。 5. You know you have to read “between the lines〞 to get the most out of the book. 你知道讀書必須要閱讀“字里行間的言外之意〞, 以求得最充分的理解。? Ⅰ. 閱讀理解 A Can the way you stand or sit affect your success? This is often discuss

9、ed in business—“the importance of body language〞, noted the US news website Business Insider. “It actually has an impact on not just the way others look at us, but also how we actually perform. 〞 That’s perhaps why Harvard Business School professor Amy Cuddy shot to instant fame (一舉成名) after givi

10、ng a TED talk on the subject in 2021. According to The New York Times, Cuddy’s speech is among the most viewed TED talks of all time. Cuddy and her team study body language, particularly what they call “high-power〞 and “l(fā)ow-power〞 poses (姿態(tài)). Their research showed that standing or sitting in a c

11、ertain way, even for just two minutes, changes one’s body chemistry and self-perception. “I wanted to equip people with tools that would help them feel stronger, less fearful, and better able to bring their full, spirited selves to stressful situations like speaking in class, 〞 Cuddy told CNN

12、. “High-power〞 refers to the act of taking a posture of confidence, even when you don’t feel very confident. Typical high-power poses are about opening up. You stretch (伸展) and expand your body to take up as much space as possible. For example, bosses are doing high-power poses when they lean (倚

13、靠) back in their chairs, put their hands behind their heads, and kick their feet up onto their desks. Meanwhile, people take low-power positions when they’re feeling helpless or defeated. They close up, wrapping their arms around themselves and tucking their limbs in (縮起四肢). “This isn’t about

14、what your body language is communicating to others, it’s about what your body language is communicating to you. Your body language is changing your mind, which changes your behavior, which changes your outcomes, 〞said Cuddy. The best-known high power pose is nicknamed the “Wonder Woman〞 pose. Y

15、ou just stand tall with your chest out and your hands on your hips (臀部). Why not give it a shot (嘗試), and see whether you feel more confident than before? 【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。主要講述身體語言對(duì)個(gè)人事業(yè)成功的影響和展示個(gè)人自信的重要性。 1. According to the article, Professor Amy Cuddy wanted her study on body language to ______. ?

16、 A. help people to become more confident B. make people fitter and stronger C. teach people how to make a better speech D. help distinguish between people of different social classes 【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“I wanted to equip people with tools that would help them feel stronger, less fearful, and

17、 better able to bring their full, spirited selves to stressful situations like speaking in class〞可以得出答案。 2. Which of the following is probably a high-power pose according to the article? A. Folding your arms. B. Looking down while in the presence of others. C. Sitting with your arm spread ou

18、t around the chair next to you. D. Resting your chin on your hands as if wondering about something. 【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“Typical high-power poses are about opening up. You stretch and expand your body to take up as much space as possible. 〞以及后面舉的例子可知, high-power poses一般是那些往外伸展的動(dòng)作, 所以C項(xiàng)為正確答案。 3. T

19、he main purpose of this article is to ______. ? A. explain what has made Amy Cuddy’s TED talk so popular B. give practical tips on how to communicate with others C. help the reader to tell the difference between a high-power pose and a low-power one D. explain why Amy Cuddy considers body langua

20、ge important 【解析】選D。主旨大意題。該文主要是解釋Amy Cuddy的關(guān)于身體語言重要性的研究。 B A simple gesture can be formed into a child’s memory so quickly that it will cause the child to give a false answer to a question accompanied by that gesture. A new finding suggests that parents, social workers, psychologists and lawyer

21、s should be careful with their hands as well as their words. Gestures can be as informative as speech, but hand gestures are so common that we rarely notice we’re using them. While the recall of both adults and children are easy to react to suggestion, the memories of children are known to be

22、particularly influenced, said lead researcher Sara Broaders of Northwestern University. Kids are used to looking to adults to tell events for them and can be misled even if not intentionally(成心地). Previous research, for example, has shown that detail-loaded questions often cause false answers;

23、 when asked, say “Did you drink juice at the picnic? 〞 the child is likely to say “yes〞 even if no juice had been available. It is not that the child is consciously lying, but rather the detail is quickly formed into his or her memory. To avoid this problem, social workers have long been advise

24、d to ask children only open-ended questions, such as “What did you have at the picnic? 〞 But an open-ended question paired with a gesture, briefly meaning a juice box, is treated like a detailed question. That is, children become likely to answer falsely. And it isn’t just a few kids: 77% of

25、children gave at least one piece of false information when a detail was suggested by an ordinary gesture. Gestures may also become more popular when talking with non-fluent language users, such as little kids, Broaders said as hand movements can impart meaning of unfamiliar words and phrases. “It

26、certainly seems reasonable that adults would gesture more with children. 〞 In general, Broaders advises parents and other adults to “Try to be aware of your hands when questioning a child about an event. Otherwise, you might be getting answers that don’t reflect what actually happened. 〞 【文章大意】手

27、勢(shì)語在一定程度上會(huì)增加相互間的理解。然而, 它也有消極作用, 即誤導(dǎo)對(duì)方, 尤其是會(huì)誤導(dǎo)孩子, 本文就介紹了這一研究結(jié)果。 4. According to the text, gestures ______. ? A. have not any function at all B. are rarely used by people C. have a certain effect on children D. are often used by social workers 【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段就指出手勢(shì)語對(duì)孩子有影響, 而全文都在說這一觀點(diǎn), 應(yīng)選C。 5.

28、 Why are kids easy to be misled by gestures according to Sara Broaders? A. These gestures are very attractive. B. Their memories are affected easily. C. Children are easy to tell lies. D. These gestures are used frequently. 【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段首句 “A simple gesture can be formed into a child’

29、s memory so quickly that it will cause the child to give a false answer to a question accompanied by that gesture. 〞和第三段可知, 主要原因是孩子的記憶很容易受到外界的影響, 應(yīng)選B。 6. The underlined word “impart〞 in Paragraph 6 means ______. ? A. separate　 B. tell apart　 C. confuse　 D. pass on 【解析】選D。詞義猜測(cè)題。由語境可知, 大人對(duì)孩子使用更多的手勢(shì)

30、語是有原因的, 手勢(shì)語能夠傳達(dá)那些不熟悉的單詞和短語的含義, 應(yīng)選D。 7. What would be the best title for the text? A. Gestures—a Useful Way of Education B. Gestures Can Mislead Children C. Gestures Mean Adult’s Directions D. Gestures Affect Children Much 【解析】選B。標(biāo)題歸納題。短文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果: 手勢(shì)語會(huì)對(duì)孩子產(chǎn)生誤導(dǎo)作用。D項(xiàng)表達(dá)內(nèi)容太寬泛, 應(yīng)選B。 Ⅱ. 閱讀填句 根據(jù)

31、短文內(nèi)容, 從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 Many effects of a lack of sleep, such as being bad-tempered and not working at your best are well known. 　1　 Regular poor sleep puts you at risk of serious medical conditions, including obesity and heart disease, and it shortens your life expectancy. ? H

32、ow much sleep do we need? 　2　 But some need more and some less. What matters is that you find out how much sleep you need and then try to achieve it. As a general rule, if you wake up tired and spend the day longing for a chance to have a nap, it’s likely that you’re not getting enough sleep. ?

33、 　3　? An occasional night without sleep makes you feel tired and irritable(急躁易怒) the next day, but it won’t harm your health. After several sleepless nights, the mental effects become more serious. Your brain will fog, making it difficult to concentrate and make decisions. 　4　? How to catch up o

34、n lost sleep? If you don’t get enough sleep, there’s only one way to compensate (補(bǔ)償) —getting more sleep. 　5　 If you’ve had months of limited sleep, you’ll have built up a big sleep debt, so expect recovery to take several weeks. ? Starting on a weekend, try to add on an extra hour or two o

35、f sleep a night. The way to do this is to go to bed when you’re tired and allow your body to wake you in the morning (no alarm clocks allowed! ). A. What happens if we don’t sleep? B. Why is a good sleep vital for a long life? C. It won’t happen with a single early night. D. If it continues,

36、 lack of sleep can affect your overall health. E. However, the cost of all those sleepless nights is more than those. F. It’s now clear that a solid night’s sleep is essential for a long and healthy life. G. Most of us need around 8 hours of good-quality sleep a night to function properly.

37、 【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了睡眠缺乏的影響以及如何補(bǔ)充睡眠。 1. 【解析】選E。上面提到了睡眠缺乏的負(fù)面影響, 如脾氣不好和工作狀態(tài)不好等, 下文又說長(zhǎng)期睡眠缺乏會(huì)引發(fā)肥胖和心臟病等健康問題, 此處需要一個(gè)承上啟下的過渡句, 故E項(xiàng)(然而, 那些不眠之夜的代價(jià)遠(yuǎn)不止這些)符合語境。 2. 【解析】選G。根據(jù)本空后的“But some need more and some less. 〞可知, 有的人需要多一些, 有的人需要少一些, 此處說的是睡眠時(shí)間問題, 故G項(xiàng)(我們大多數(shù)人每晚需要大約8個(gè)小時(shí)的高質(zhì)量睡眠才能正常工作)符合語境。 3. 【解析】選A。本段分別介紹了偶爾性的

38、睡眠缺乏和長(zhǎng)期性的睡眠缺乏對(duì)健康的影響, 故A項(xiàng)(如果我們不睡覺會(huì)發(fā)生什么? )符合語境。 4. 【解析】選D。本空前講述了經(jīng)過幾個(gè)不眠之夜, 精神上的影響會(huì)更加嚴(yán)重, 思維變得模糊, 很難集中精力做決定, 此處是說這種情況繼續(xù)下去的后果, 故D項(xiàng)(如果這種情況持續(xù)下去, 睡眠缺乏會(huì)影響你的整體健康)符合語境。 5. 【解析】選C。根據(jù)本空后的“If you’ve had months of limited sleep, you’ll have built up a big sleep debt, so expect recovery to take several weeks. 〞可知, 幾個(gè)月的睡眠缺乏讓你欠下了一大筆睡眠債, 所以預(yù)計(jì)需要用幾個(gè)星期的時(shí)間恢復(fù), 故C項(xiàng)(這不會(huì)在一夜之間發(fā)生)符合語境。 - 8 -