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第八課時(shí)　八年級(jí)(上)　Units 7—8 ,中考基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理 類別 課標(biāo)考點(diǎn)要求 詞 匯 攻 關(guān) 1.pollute→(名詞)__pollution__ 2.peace→(形容詞)__peaceful__ 3.inside→(反義詞)__outside__ 4.celebrate→(名詞)__celebration__ 5.possible→(反義詞)__impossible__ 6.hole→(同音詞)__whole__ 7.travel→(名詞)旅行者_(dá)_traveller__ 8.fill→(形容詞)__full__ 9.paper→(形近詞)甜椒__pepper__ 10.salt→(形容詞)__salty__ 11.traditional→(名詞)__tradition__ 12.believe→(形容詞)__believable__ →(形容詞的反義詞)__unbelievable__ 短 語 歸 納 1.參與(某事)__play__a__part(in__sth.)__ 2.未來；將來__in__the__future__ 3.太空站__space__station__ 4.多次；反復(fù)地__over__and__over__again__ 5.醒來；喚醒__wake__up__ 6.不同意__disagree__with__ 7.突然倒下；跌倒；倒塌__fall__down__ 8.尋找；尋求__look__for__ 9.奶昔__milk__shake__ 10.接通；打開__turn__on__ 11.把……倒入……__pour…into…__ 12.取出；拿出__take__out__ 13.一片(塊；張)……__a__piece__of__ 14.用……裝滿……__fill__with__ 15.(尤指為消遣)學(xué)著做；開始做__take__up__ 16.同意；贊成__agree__with__ 17.編造(故事；謊言等)__make__up__ 18.確保；查明__make__sure__ 句 型 再 現(xiàn) 1.“100年后人們還會(huì)使用錢嗎？” “不會(huì)。一切都是免費(fèi)的?！? —__Will__ people __use__ money __in__100__years__？ —No，__they__wont__．Everything will __be__free__. 2.“人們會(huì)活到200歲嗎？”“會(huì)。” —Will people __live__to__be__ 200 years old？ —Yes，__they__will__. 3.每一個(gè)人都應(yīng)當(dāng)盡一份力來拯救地球。 Everyone should __play__a__part__in__saving__ the earth. 4.“世界會(huì)和平嗎？” “會(huì)的，我希望如此。” —__Will__there__be__world peace？ —Yes，__I__hope__so__. 5.現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有機(jī)器人在工廠工作了。 Today __there__are__already__robots__working__ in factories. 6.例如，科學(xué)家詹姆斯懷特認(rèn)為機(jī)器人將決不會(huì)醒來和知道它們?cè)谀睦铩? For example，scientist James White thinks that robots will never __be__able__to__wake__up__ and know where they are. 7.一些看上去像人，其他的一些可能看上去像動(dòng)物。 __Some__ will look like humans，and __others__ might look like animals. 8.你是如何做香蕉奶昔的？ __How__do__you__make__ a banana milk shake？ 9.我們需要多少蘋果？ __How__many__apples__ do we need？ 10.然后加入卷心菜、西紅柿和洋蔥，再煮上10分鐘。 Then，add the cabbage，tomatoes and onion and __cook__for__another__10__minutes__. 11.你知道如何種樹嗎？ Do you know __how__to__plant__a__tree__？ 12.現(xiàn)在，到了享受米線的時(shí)候了！ Now，__its__time__to__enjoy__ the rice noodles！ 語法 結(jié)構(gòu) 1.一般將來時(shí)。 2.祈使句。 話 題 1.Life in the Future(未來的生活) 2.cooking(烹飪) ,青海五年中考真題演練 ◆一般將來時(shí)態(tài) ( D )1.(2015西寧33題)—These plans are all suitable.I havent decided which one to choose. —Its OK.You ________ plenty of time to make a decision. A．gave　　　　　　B．give C．will give D．will be given ( A )2.(2015青海37題)—Your school is so beautiful. —Thanks！A modern stadium and a big garden ________ to make it nicer this year. A．will be built B．has been built C．is built ( A )3.(2013青海29題)—How about going for a drive，Mike? —One moment，please！I ________ cleaning our room soon. A．will finish　B．have finished　C．finish ◆詞類短語類 ( C )4.(2013西寧19題)—Do you know how to make coffee? —Yes，put the coffee and the sugar into the cup and ________. A．mix up it B．mix it up C．mix them up D．mix up them ( A )5.As close friends，they used to walk to school ________. A．side by side B．little by little C．step by step D．face to face ( D )6.My bag is too heavy.It ________ books. A．is full B．full of C．is fill with D．is filled with ,青海中考重難點(diǎn)突破 　sure adv.當(dāng)然；肯定；一定 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 sure的有關(guān)搭配 be sure of/about “確信……”“對(duì)……有把握”，在接名詞時(shí)，be sure of側(cè)重指主語對(duì)某抽象事物的確信無疑；而be sure about則側(cè)重指主語對(duì)某具體事物確信無疑。 be sure to do “一定；肯定”，表示說話人對(duì)句子主語作出的判斷；若用在祈使句中，不是表示判斷，而是表示對(duì)對(duì)方的要求，意為“務(wù)必要”“一定要”。 be sure＋從句 “肯定；有把握”，主語是人，表示主句主語對(duì)賓語從句中涉及的事物所作出的判斷。 make sure “確保；查明”，其后可跟that(可省略)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句、動(dòng)詞不定式或者of短語。 【考點(diǎn)搶測(cè)】 1．我父母想讓我當(dāng)一名醫(yī)生，但是我不確定。 My parents want me to be a doctor，but Im not __sure__ __about__ that. 2．他一定會(huì)來參加我們的聚會(huì)的。 He __is__ __sure__ __to__ come to our party. 3．當(dāng)你離開時(shí)務(wù)必關(guān)上燈。 __Make__ __sure__ turn off the lights when you leave. ( C )4.There arent many tickets left for the concert，youd better ________ that you get one today. A．make sure of B．make a decision C．make sure 　be able to能夠做…… 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 be able to與can的異同 異 時(shí)態(tài) can只有兩種時(shí)態(tài)，即一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)，而be able to可以用于各種時(shí)態(tài)。 數(shù) be able to有人稱和數(shù)的變化，而can沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，后跟動(dòng)詞原形。 用法 can除表示“能力”外，還可以表示請(qǐng)求、許可或猜測(cè)，而be able to則不可以。 同 表示“能力”時(shí)，兩者同義，可以互換。 【考點(diǎn)搶測(cè)】 ( C )1.Somebody is knocking at the door.Who ________ it be? A．is able to　　　　　B．a(chǎn)re able to C．can 2．Ill __be__able__to__ drive the car in a few months. ( C )3.Finish your homework first，then youll ________ surf the Internet for half an hour. A．can B．need C．be able to 　promise n．承諾；諾言　v．許諾；承諾 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 promise make a promise答應(yīng)；許諾 keep/break a promise遵守/違背諾言 promise(not) to do sth.答應(yīng)/允諾(不)做某事 promise sth.to sb.(＝promise sb.sth.)許諾給某人某物 【考點(diǎn)搶測(cè)】 1．它是一種許諾。 Its a kind of __promise__． 2．他承諾按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作。 He __promises__ __to__ __finish__ the work on time. ( B )3.(2016青海中考模擬)A true man should keep__his__word and be honest. A．break his word　　B．keep his promise C．close his mouth 　take up(尤指為消遣)學(xué)著做；開始做 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 (1)take up意為“開始做；學(xué)著做”。 When did you take up music？你什么時(shí)候開始學(xué)音樂？ (2)take up還可以意為“占用”。 This chair takes up too much room. 這張椅子占地方太多。 【歸納拓展】 take的常見短語 【考點(diǎn)搶測(cè)】 1．我想在假期學(xué)習(xí)繪畫。 I want to __take__ __up__ painting during holiday. 2．這項(xiàng)工作將占去我很多時(shí)間。 This work will __take__ __up__a lot of my time. ( A )3.—Which hobby do you think ________ the least time? —Collecting stamps. A．takes up　　B．puts up　　C．gives up 　in one hundred years一百年之后 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 (1)in＋一段時(shí)間，意為“……之后”，表示以現(xiàn)在時(shí)間為起點(diǎn)的“一段時(shí)間之內(nèi)(之后)”，常用于一般將來時(shí)。 (2)對(duì)“in＋一段時(shí)間”提問，用how soon。 in/after的不同 in 用來表示以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)的將來某一段時(shí)間之后，后接時(shí)間段，常用于將來時(shí)。 after 既可接時(shí)間點(diǎn)又可接時(shí)間段，用于將來時(shí)或過去時(shí)。 【考點(diǎn)搶測(cè)】 1．一百年之后人們還會(huì)使用錢嗎？ __Will__ people __use__ money in 100 years? 2．——他多久之后回來？ —__How__ __soon__ will he come back? ——兩天之后。 —In two days. 　辨析expect，wish，hope與look forward to 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 1．expect的用法： (1)表示“期待；期望”，通常為及物動(dòng)詞，后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)要用不定式。如： We should not expect success overnight. 我們不能期望一夜之間就取得成功。 I didnt expect to find you here. 我沒料到在這里碰到你。 He expected her to go with him. 他期望她同他一起去。 (2)expect還可表示“預(yù)計(jì)；預(yù)料”等。如： I expect a storm. 我預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)有場(chǎng)暴風(fēng)雨。 I expect that I will be back on Sunday. 我預(yù)計(jì)星期日回來。 2．wish意為“希望，想要，但愿”，常常表達(dá)一種虛擬語氣，指“想要不可能的事情”或“也許可能，但是跟實(shí)際有差異”。后常跟代詞、名詞或不定式作賓語。wish跟從句時(shí)，常用虛擬語氣。也可用于祝賀語中。如： I wish to see the manager.我想見到那個(gè)經(jīng)理。 I wish him to look at this.我希望他能夠看看這個(gè)。 I wish I had more money.我希望我有更多的錢。 I wish you a pleasant journey！祝你旅途愉快！ 3．hope意為“希望”，指相信有可能達(dá)到或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的愿望，后常接動(dòng)詞不定式或that從句。如： I hope to go to America next month.我希望下個(gè)月去美國。 I hope that they get here soon.我希望他們能盡快到這里。 4．look forward to(to是介詞)意為“盼望，期待”，其后常接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞，不能接動(dòng)詞不定式。如： Im looking forward to the holidays.我期望著假期。 I look forward to hearing from you.我期望收到你的來信。 【考點(diǎn)搶測(cè)】 1．我們盼望著看到你。 We look forward __to__ __seeing__ you. 2．我們都盼望著假期。 We are all __looking__ __forward__ __to__ our holiday. 3．丹尼希望我們幸福。 Danny __wishes__ __us__ __happy__. ( C )4.—How about your trip? —It was not as nice as we ________. A．missed　　　　　B．found C．expected D．gave ( B )5.I ________ I were a bird. A．hope　　　B．wish　　　C．expect ( C )6.We havent seen each other for a long time.I am looking forward ________her this weekend. A．to meet B．to be met C．to meeting 　hundreds of許多；大量 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 確數(shù)與約數(shù)的表達(dá) (1)hundred，thousand，million，billion等數(shù)詞，前面有具體的數(shù)字修飾，表示確數(shù)，其后不加s，不和of連用。 (2)若表示一個(gè)約數(shù)，前面沒有具體數(shù)字時(shí)，其后要加s，而且與of連用。 【考點(diǎn)搶測(cè)】 ( B )1.There is my old school.There are ________ students in it now. A．thousand of 　　B．thousands of C．thousand 　　D．thousands ( D )2.________ visitors visit this beautiful town every day. A．Thousand 　　B．Thousands C．Thousand of 　　D．Thousands of ( C )3.(2015東營中考)When he arrived at the airport，Lee Minho found that ________ fans were waiting for him there. A．hundred 　　B．hundreds C．hundreds of 　agree的用法 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 詞組 用法 例句 agree with 表示同意某人或某人的意見、想法、分析、解釋等(即持同一觀點(diǎn))。 I quite agree with you.我完全同意你的意見。 表示“(食物、天氣、工作等)對(duì)……適宜”。 The food does not agree with me.這食物對(duì)我不適合。 表示“與……一致”。 His story agrees with the facts.他的陳述與事實(shí)相符。 agree to agree to＋某些名詞，表示同意某事。 He agreed to the plan.他同意了這個(gè)計(jì)劃。 agree to＋動(dòng)詞原形，表示同意做某事。 We agreed to leave early.我們同意早點(diǎn)出發(fā)。 agree on 主要指雙方通過協(xié)商而取得一致意見或達(dá)成協(xié)議。 Both sides agreed on these terms.雙方就這些條件達(dá)成共識(shí)。 agree on＋動(dòng)名詞＝agree to＋動(dòng)詞原形 He agreed on helping us.＝He agreed to help us.他同意幫助我們。 【考點(diǎn)搶測(cè)】 ( A )1.My mother agreed ________buy a new pen for me yesterday. A．to　　　B．with　　　C．on ( C )2.Im afraid I couldnt agree ________you on this point. A．for B．to C．with 3．雙方對(duì)會(huì)議日期未達(dá)成一致。 The two sides didnt agree __on__the date of the meeting. 4．你同意還是反對(duì)他們的安排？ Do you __agree__or __disagree__ __to__their arrangement? 　Do you think there will be robots in peoples homes？你認(rèn)為人們家里將會(huì)有機(jī)器人嗎？ 【滿分點(diǎn)撥】 (1)本句是一個(gè)含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句，Do you think是主句，there will be…是賓語從句。 (2)there will be意為“將有；會(huì)有”，是there be句型的一般將來時(shí)，其否定形式是there wont be…，一般疑問句形式是will there be…？有時(shí)可以與There is/are going to be…互相轉(zhuǎn)換。 【溫馨提示】 (1)如果do you think放在句中，則為插入語，常放在疑問詞之后，結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞＋do you think＋主語＋謂語＋其他成分？ What time do you think the train will arrive here? 你認(rèn)為火車什么時(shí)間到達(dá)這里？ (2)there be句型的一個(gè)重要用法是“就近原則”，即謂語動(dòng)詞be和最靠近的名詞在數(shù)上保持一致。 There is a book and two rulers on the desk. 桌子上有一本書和兩把尺子。 There are two rulers and a book on the desk. 桌子上有兩把尺子和一本書。 【考點(diǎn)搶測(cè)】 ( C )1.There ________ a sports meeting in our school next week. A．will have　　　　　B．a(chǎn)re going to be C．is going to be ( C )2.—______ any students in the classroom when the earthquake happened? —Yes，but they have been saved. A．There were B．Was there C．Were there ,?？荚掝}寫作指導(dǎo) 未來的生活 ◆寫作導(dǎo)圖 從全國近五年未來的生活相關(guān)話題書面表達(dá)的命題來看，通常有以下幾個(gè)角度的內(nèi)容： 1．談?wù)劧唐谝荒陜?nèi)的生活變化和打算。 2．規(guī)劃人生，成就未來，作為中學(xué)生首先要有夢(mèng)想，對(duì)未來要有期待，并為了這個(gè)夢(mèng)想努力堅(jiān)守，才能夢(mèng)想成真。 3．時(shí)代在變化，生活也在變，未來的生活是什么樣子呢？ 結(jié)合青?？记椋梢灶A(yù)測(cè)第一種考查角度幾率更大。 life in the futureshort planthe change of life；the expectation for study and life；the effort you will do for longer plan：dreamyour dream；why；how to achieve the dream；the expectation the changes in the future lifethe life style；the reason why this changes happen；the expectation ◆亮點(diǎn)句型速成 常用句型：I have a dream.I want to be a teacher. 推薦句型：→①I have a dream that I can be a teacher. →②To be a teacher is my dream. →③I hope that I can be a teacher. (一)開頭句 1．What do you think the world will be like in 100 years? 2．What will the happy life be like? (二)中間句 3．Im sure that I can be a teacher. 4．I should study hard from now on. 5．Everyone has a dream. 6．We can do shopping and see doctors without leaving home. 7．Time goes by. 8．Perhaps I will be a singer someday. 9．How time flies! 10．Im going to be a pilot in ten years. 11．It will be exciting that intelligent robots can do what is required for us at home. 12．Good beginning is half done. 13．We never know what will happen in the future. (三)結(jié)尾句 14．As long as we work hard，we will… ◆寫作模板 Its exciting to imagine 未來生活的樣子．At this Time Next Year，I will be a senior high school student，and I will 交很多好朋友．I hope to be 對(duì)自己的期望 so that perhaps I will be 如何學(xué)習(xí)提高英語成績．It will be 非常令人興奮的 to do so.Whats more，I will 生活上的變化和成長 and know how to take care of myself when I am alone. ◆典例剖析 Write at least 60 words about the topic“This Time Next Year”．(以“明年此時(shí)”為題，寫一篇不少于60詞的短文) 你是否想象過，明年此時(shí)，你的生活會(huì)發(fā)生怎樣的變化？你對(duì)自己或他人有怎樣的期待？你能為此做些什么？ (注意：短文中不得出現(xiàn)任何人名、校名及其他相關(guān)信息，否則不予評(píng)分。) The following sentence patterns are for reference only.(以下句型僅供參考) I hope to/I hope that… Perhaps I will … It will be exciting/necessary/terrible to… 【審題指導(dǎo)】細(xì)讀所給的文字提示，可以看出文章需要從以下三個(gè)方面來寫： 1．明年生活的變化，包括生活上和學(xué)習(xí)上； 2．對(duì)自己或他人學(xué)習(xí)和生活的期望； 3．為此美好的生活所做的努力。全文是對(duì)明年生活的描述所以應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)態(tài)，詞數(shù)應(yīng)不少于60詞，不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名、校名及其他相關(guān)信息。 【范文點(diǎn)評(píng)】 This Time Next Year Life is changeable，and ①thats__why__everyone__longs__for__the__future，which__is__full__of__challenges__as__well__as__hopes.Perhaps I will have achieved my goal this time next year，②studying__in__a__senior__high__school.③Despite__that，diligence__will__be__still__needed__to__make__myself__go__further__in__English.Basically，it is important to concentrate in class and take notes carefully.Then，I will benefit from reading English books.What is more，going abroad is of great use in improving my oral English.④Only__in__this__way__can__I__make__progress__in__English__endlessly. ⑤Make__plans__and__go__for__what__I__want.And I believe when the challenge is coming，the hope is also around the corner. 　?、傥恼乱婚_頭就使用了一個(gè)長難句點(diǎn)明主題，引出下文。why引導(dǎo)的表語從句和which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句開篇點(diǎn)題，抓住了閱卷老師的眼球，增分不少。 ②此句為v.ing形式作伴隨狀語。非謂語動(dòng)詞的使用顯示了作者扎實(shí)的語法知識(shí)和語言運(yùn)用能力，為短文增色亮點(diǎn)之一。 ③Despite that替代常見的although，彰顯出作者豐富的詞匯量。 ④Only置于句首句子要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，顯示出作者扎實(shí)的語法知識(shí)和語言運(yùn)用能力。 ⑤以祈使句再次點(diǎn)題，對(duì)應(yīng)開頭，首尾呼應(yīng)。且再次使用what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句使文章更加完美，提升了作文檔次。